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Redefining the norms: an interdisciplinary perspective on language testing in multilinguals with acquired and progressive neurogenic disorders.

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  1. [1] § INTRODUCTION: THE CONCEPTUAL AMBIGUITIES OF NAVIGATING MULTILINGUAL MINDS ↔ batchalign/utils/compounds.py, the whole file · a weak match · score 0.54 · compounded, brokers, verbal, mask, skilled, family

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Python · 1 line · 67 KB · BSD-3-Clause · 1 match

  1. compounds = [['air', 'bag'], ['air', 'boat'], ['air', 'con'], ['air', 'conditioner'], ['air', 'craft'], ['air', 'fare'], ['air', 'field'], ['air', 'flow'], ['air', 'force'], ['air', 'frame'], ['air', 'head'], ['air', 'lift'], ['air', 'line'], ['air', 'liner'], ['air', 'lock'], ['air', 'mail'], ['air', 'man'], ['air', 'mask'], ['air', 'plane'], ['air', 'play'], ['air', 'port'], ['air', 'ship'], ['air', 'speed'], ['air', 'strip'], ['air', 'wave'], ['air', 'way'], ['alley', 'way'], ['anchor', 'man'], ['angel', 'fish'], ['angel', 'food'], ['angle', 'worm'], ['angler', 'fish'], ['ant', 'catcher'], ['ant', 'eater'], ['ant', 'hill'], ['ape', 'man'], ['apple', 'jack'], ['apple', 'sauce'], ['apron', 'string'], ['arch', 'way'], ['arm', 'band'], ['arm', 'chair'], ['arm', 'hole'], ['arm', 'load'], ['arm', 'pit'], ['arm', 'rest'], ['arm', 'sling'], ['aroma', 'therapy'], ['arrow', 'head'], ['art', 'work'], ['ash', 'bin'], ['ash', 'fall'], ['ash', 'tray'], ['ass', 'hole'], ['auto', 'bank'], ['baby', 'bath'], ['baby', 'bottle'], ['baby', 'cake'], ['baby', 'doll'], ['baby', 'food'], ['baby', 'girl'], ['baby', 'seat'], ['baby', 'talk'], ['back', 'ache'], ['back', 'bend'], ['back', 'board'], ['back', 'bone'], ['back', 'burner'], ['back', 'drop'], ['back', 'ground'], ['back', 'hand'], ['back', 'lane'], ['back', 'log'], ['back', 'man'], ['back', 'pack'], ['back', 'rest'], ['back', 'scrubber'], ['back', 'seat'], ['back', 'side'], ['back', 'space'], ['back', 'stitch'], ['back', 'story'], ['back', 'stroke'], ['back', 'swamp'], ['back', 'yard'], ['bag', 'lady'], ['bag', 'pipe'], ['bake', 'shop'], ['baker', 'man'], ['american', 'style'], ['any', 'time'], ['t', 'shirts'], ['non', 'verbals'], ['non', 'verbal'], ['post', 'war'], ['ball', 'game'], ['ball', 'gown'], ['ball', 'park'], ['ball', 'pen'], ['ball', 'player'], ['ball', 'point'], ['ball', 'room'], ['balloons', 'man'], ['band', 'hat'], ['band', 'stand'], ['band', 'wagon'], ['band', 'width'], ['bar', 'bell'], ['bar', 'code'], ['bar', 'man'], ['bar', 'room'], ['bar', 'stool'], ['barber', 'shop'], ['barn', 'stormer'], ['barn', 'yard'], ['base', 'ball'], ['base', 'board'], ['base', 'line'], ['base', 'man'], ['basket', 'ball'], ['bat', 'mobile'], ['bat', 'room'], ['bath', 'house'], ['bath', 'robe'], ['bath', 'room'], ['bath', 'time'], ['bath', 'tub'], ['bath', 'water'], ['bathing', 'suit'], ['battle', 'axe'], ['battle', 'cry'], ['battle', 'field'], ['battle', 'front'], ['battle', 'ground'], ['battle', 'ship'], ['battle', 'star'], ['bay', 'berry'], ['bay', 'leaf'], ['beach', 'ball'], ['beach', 'head'], ['bead', 'work'], ['beads', 'man'], ['bean', 'bag'], ['bean', 'stalk'], ['bear', 'hug'], ['beat', 'box'], ['beaver', 'tail'], ['bed', 'bug'], ['bed', 'cover'], ['bed', 'fellow'], ['bed', 'ground'], ['bed', 'head'], ['bed', 'hog'], ['bed', 'lamp'], ['bed', 'mattress'], ['bed', 'pan'], ['bed', 'post'], ['bed', 'rail'], ['bed', 'rock'], ['bed', 'room'], ['bed', 'sheet'], ['bed', 'side'], ['bed', 'spread'], ['bed', 'spring'], ['bed', 'straw'], ['bed', 'time'], ['bee', 'house'], ['bee', 'keeper'], ['bee', 'line'], ['beef', 'burger'], ['bees', 'wax'], ['beet', 'root'], ['beetle', 'car'], ['bell', 'bottom'], ['bell', 'boy'], ['belly', 'ache'], ['belly', 'button'], ['belt', 'way'], ['bench', 'mark'], ['bill', 'board'], ['bin', 'bag'], ['bin', 'boy'], ['bin', 'lorry'], ['bird', 'bath'], ['bird', 'brain'], ['bird', 'cage'], ['bird', 'feeder'], ['bird', 'house'], ['bird', 'seed'], ['bird', 'song'], ['birth', 'control'], ['birth', 'date'], ['birth', 'day'], ['birth', 'mark'], ['birth', 'place'], ['birth', 'right'], ['birth', 'stone'], ['bit', 'coin'], ['block', 'buster'], ['block', 'head'], ['block', 'house'], ['blood', 'hound'], ['blood', 'lust'], ['blood', 'root'], ['blood', 'stream'], ['blood', 'sucker'], ['blood', 'work'], ['board', 'room'], ['board', 'walk'], ['boat', 'builder'], ['boat', 'house'], ['boat', 'load'], ['boat', 'man'], ['boat', 'swain'], ['boat', 'well'], ['boat', 'yard'], ['boats', 'man'], ['bob', 'sled'], ['bobby', 'pin'], ['body', 'builder'], ['body', 'guard'], ['body', 'suit'], ['body', 'wash'], ['body', 'wind'], ['bogey', 'man'], ['boiler', 'plate'], ['bolt', 'hole'], ['bomb', 'shell'], ['bonds', 'man'], ['bone', 'head'], ['boogey', 'man'], ['boogy', 'man'], ['book', 'bag'], ['book', 'case'], ['book', 'end'], ['book', 'keeper'], ['book', 'mark'], ['book', 'mobile'], ['book', 'seller'], ['book', 'shelf'], ['book', 'shelves'], ['book', 'shop'], ['book', 'stand'], ['book', 'store'], ['book', 'work'], ['book', 'worm'], ['boom', 'box'], ['boom', 'town'], ['boot', 'camp'], ['boot', 'strap'], ['border', 'land'], ['border', 'line'], ['boss', 'man'], ['bossy', 'boots'], ['bottle', 'cap'], ['bottle', 'neck'], ['bottom', 'land'], ['bottom', 'side'], ['bow', 'tie'], ['bows', 'man'], ['box', 'car'], ['box', 'fish'], ['boy', 'friend'], ['boy', 'scout'], ['brain', 'child'], ['brain', 'storm'], ['brain', 'wave'], ['brake', 'man'], ['bramble', 'berry'], ['branch', 'line'], ['bread', 'box'], ['bread', 'crumb'], ['bread', 'stick'], ['bread', 'winner'], ['break', 'dancer'], ['break', 'time'], ['breakfast', 'time'], ['breast', 'bone'], ['breast', 'plate'], ['breast', 'stroke'], ['breeze', 'way'], ['briar', 'wood'], ['brick', 'layer'], ['brick', 'mason'], ['brick', 'yard'], ['bride', 'groom'], ['brides', 'maid'], ['bridge', 'head'], ['bridge', 'work'], ['brief', 'case'], ['broom', 'stick'], ['brush', 'cut'], ['brush', 'fire'], ['brush', 'stroke'], ['brush', 'work'], ['bubble', 'bath'], ['bubble', 'gum'], ['bubble', 'wand'], ['buck', 'board'], ['buck', 'eye'], ['buck', 'shot'], ['buck', 'skin'], ['buck', 'wheat'], ['bucket', 'load'], ['buffalo', 'burger'], ['bug', 'bed'], ['bug', 'house'], ['buggy', 'edger'], ['bulk', 'head'], ["bull's", 'eye'], ['bull', 'crap'], ['bull', 'dog'], ['bull', 'frog'], ['bull', 'hide'], ['bull', 'nose'], ['bull', 'rush'], ['bull', 'shit'], ['bull', 'walker'], ['bulls', 'eye'], ['bum', 'head'], ['bumble', 'bee'], ['bun', 'tin'], ['bunk', 'bed'], ['bunk', 'house'], ['bunk', 'mate'], ['bunny', 'girl'], ['bus', 'driver'], ['bus', 'load'], ['bus', 'stop'], ['bush', 'land'], ['bush', 'master'], ['business', 'woman'], ['butch', 'wax'], ['butt', 'face'], ['butt', 'head'], ['butter', 'ball'], ['butter', 'brickle'], ['butter', 'cream'], ['butter', 'cup'], ['butter', 'fat'], ['butter', 'finger'], ['butter', 'fly'], ['butter', 'milk'], ['butter', 'nut'], ['butter', 'scotch'], ['button', 'bush'], ['button', 'hole'], ['buzz', 'saw'], ['cake', 'pan'], ['cake', 'tin'], ['cake', 'walk'], ['calf', 'skin'], ['camera', 'man'], ['camp', 'fire'], ['camp', 'ground'], ['camp', 'master'], ['camp', 'site'], ['camp', 'town'], ['camper', 'van'], ['candle', 'holder'], ['candle', 'light'], ['candle', 'stick'], ['candy', 'cane'], ['candy', 'floss'], ['candy', 'man'], ['candy', 'stripe'], ['cannon', 'ball'], ['canyon', 'side'], ['cap', 'stone'], ['car', 'bed'], ['car', 'boot'], ['car', 'fare'], ['car', 'load'], ['car', 'park'], ['car', 'pool'], ['car', 'port'], ['car', 'seat'], ['car', 'wash'], ['care', 'giver'], ['care', 'taker'], ['carriage', 'man'], ['carriage', 'way'], ['carrot', 'head'], ['cart', 'horse'], ['cart', 'wheel'], ['case', 'book'], ['case', 'load'], ['case', 'work'], ['case', 'worker'], ['cat', 'bird'], ['cat', 'call'], ['cat', 'door'], ['cat', 'fish'], ['cat', 'nap'], ['cat', 'nip'], ['cat', 'tail'], ['cat', 'woman'], ['cattle', 'man'], ['catty', 'corner'], ['cause', 'way'], ['cavalry', 'man'], ['cave', 'man'], ['cell', 'phone'], ['cement', 'works'], ['center', 'line'], ['center', 'piece'], ['chain', 'saw'], ['chair', 'man'], ['chair', 'person'], ['chair', 'woman'], ['chalk', 'board'], ['chalk', 'box'], ['chamber', 'maid'], ['chap', 'stick'], ['chart', 'room'], ['chat', 'room'], ['chatter', 'box'], ['check', 'book'], ['check', 'list'], ['check', 'mark'], ['check', 'mate'], ['checker', 'board'], ['cheek', 'bone'], ['cheese', 'ball'], ['cheese', 'bit'], ['cheese', 'burger'], ['cheese', 'cake'], ['cheese', 'cloth'], ['cheese', 'pop'], ['cheese', 'steak'], ['cheese', 'stick'], ['cherry', 'picker'], ['cherry', 'pie'], ['chess', 'board'], ['chess', 'master'], ['chess', 'mate'], ['chess', 'way'], ['chest', 'nut'], ['chick', 'pea'], ['chicken', 'hawk'], ['chicken', 'pox'], ['child', 'birth'], ['child', 'care'], ['child', 'minder'], ['chimney', 'pot'], ['chimney', 'stack'], ['chop', 'stick'], ['christmas', 'time'], ['church', 'goer'], ['church', 'man'], ['city', 'scape'], ['class', 'mate'], ['class', 'room'], ['class', 'work'], ['claw', 'foot'], ['clearing', 'house'], ['clergy', 'man'], ['clip', 'board'], ['cloak', 'room'], ['clock', 'work'], ['clod', 'hopper'], ['clothes', 'horse'], ['clothes', 'line'], ['clothes', 'pin'], ['clothes', 'washer'], ['cloud', 'mobile'], ['clown', 'fish'], ['club', 'house'], ['coach', 'man'], ['coach', 'work'], ['coal', 'man'], ['coat', 'hanger'], ['coat', 'tail'], ['cob', 'web'], ['cobble', 'stone'], ['cock', 'chafer'], ['cock', 'horse'], ['cock', 'pit'], ['cock', 'roach'], ['cock', 'sucker'], ['cock', 'tail'], ['cockle', 'bur'], ['cockle', 'shell'], ['cocks', 'comb'], ['code', 'book'], ['coffee', 'cake'], ['coffee', 'house'], ['coffee', 'pot'], ['coffer', 'dam'], ['collar', 'bone'], ['combine', 'harvester'], ['comic', 'book'], ['comic', 'strip'], ['committee', 'man'], ['committee', 'woman'], ['con', 'man'], ['concert', 'master'], ['congress', 'man'], ['congress', 'woman'], ['coon', 'skin'], ['copy', 'book'], ['copy', 'cat'], ['copy', 'right'], ['copy', 'writer'], ['cork', 'screw'], ['corn', 'bread'], ['corn', 'cob'], ['corn', 'dog'], ['corn', 'field'], ['corn', 'flake'], ['corn', 'meal'], ['corn', 'roll'], ['corn', 'row'], ['corn', 'starch'], ['corn', 'top'], ['corner', 'stone'], ['corona', 'virus'], ['corps', 'man'], ['cot', 'bed'], ['cotton', 'mouth'], ['cotton', 'seed'], ['cotton', 'wood'], ['cotton', 'wool'], ['council', 'man'], ['council', 'woman'], ['counter', 'man'], ['counter', 'top'], ['countri', 'man'], ['country', 'man'], ['country', 'side'], ['course', 'load'], ['course', 'work'], ['court', 'house'], ['court', 'room'], ['court', 'yard'], ['cow', 'bell'], ['cow', 'bird'], ['cow', 'boy'], ['cow', 'catcher'], ['cow', 'girl'], ['cow', 'hand'], ['cow', 'hide'], ['cow', 'horse'], ['cow', 'house'], ['cow', 'lick'], ['cow', 'man'], ['cow', 'poke'], ['cow', 'pony'], ['cow', 'puncher'], ['cow', 'stall'], ['crab', 'apple'], ['crab', 'meat'], ['crab', 'stick'], ['crack', 'head'], ['crack', 'house'], ['cracker', 'jack'], ['crafts', 'man'], ['crafts', 'people'], ['crafts', 'person'], ['crank', 'shaft'], ['cray', 'fish'], ['cream', 'puff'], ['cream', 'ware'], ['crew', 'man'], ['crew', 'neck'], ['crock', 'pot'], ['cross', 'bar'], ['cross', 'bone'], ['cross', 'breed'], ['cross', 'bun'], ['crow', 'bait'], ['crow', 'bar'], ['cubby', 'hole'], ['cue', 'ball'], ['cuff', 'link'], ['cup', 'board'], ['cup', 'cake'], ['cup', 'holder'], ['curb', 'side'], ['curve', 'ball'], ['custom', 'house'], ['cutter', 'box'], ['cuttle', 'fish'], ['dagger', 'man'], ['dart', 'board'], ['data', 'base'], ['day', 'bed'], ['day', 'care'], ['day', 'dream'], ['day', 'dreamer'], ['day', 'light'], ['day', 'time'], ['death', 'bed'], ['desk', 'top'], ['dick', 'head'], ['dinner', 'time'], ['dinner', 'ware'], ['dirt', 'bike'], ['dish', 'cloth'], ['dish', 'pan'], ['dish', 'rack'], ['dish', 'rag'], ['dish', 'towel'], ['dish', 'ware'], ['dish', 'washer'], ['dish', 'water'], ['ditch', 'water'], ['dixie', 'land'], ['dock', 'side'], ['dog', 'catcher'], ['dog', 'fight'], ['dog', 'fish'], ['dog', 'house'], ['dog', 'leg'], ['dog', 'sled'], ['dog', 'trot'], ['dog', 'wood'], ['doll', 'house'], ['door', 'bell'], ['door', 'handle'], ['door', 'jamb'], ['door', 'keeper'], ['door', 'knob'], ['door', 'man'], ['door', 'mat'], ['door', 'nail'], ['door', 'post'], ['door', 'step'], ['door', 'stop'], ['door', 'stopper'], ['door', 'way'], ['douche', 'bag'], ['dove', 'cote'], ['drafts', 'man'], ['drafts', 'person'], ['drain', 'board'], ['drain', 'pipe'], ['dread', 'lock'], ['dream', 'scape'], ['dress', 'maker'], ['drift', 'wood'], ['drug', 'store'], ['drum', 'stick'], ['duck', 'bill'], ['duck', 'weed'], ['duct', 'work'], ['dummy', 'head'], ['dump', 'truck'], ['dunder', 'head'], ['dust', 'bin'], ['dust', 'cart'], ['dust', 'cover'], ['dust', 'pan'], ['ear', 'ache'], ['ear', 'bud'], ['ear', 'drop'], ['ear', 'drum'], ['ear', 'lobe'], ['ear', 'muff'], ['ear', 'phone'], ['ear', 'piece'], ['ear', 'plug'], ['ear', 'ring'], ['ear', 'shop'], ['ear', 'shot'], ['ear', 'wax'], ['ear', 'worm'], ['earth', 'quake'], ['earth', 'worm'], ['egg', 'beater'], ['egg', 'box'], ['egg', 'cup'], ['egg', 'head'], ['egg', 'nog'], ['egg', 'plant'], ['egg', 'roll'], ['egg', 'shell'], ['eider', 'down'], ['elder', 'flower'], ['end', 'game'], ['end', 'gate'], ['end', 'point'], ['entrance', 'way'], ['entry', 'way'], ['express', 'way'], ['eye', 'ball'], ['eye', 'book'], ['eye', 'brow'], ['eye', 'drop'], ['eye', 'glass'], ['eye', 'lash'], ['eye', 'lid'], ['eye', 'liner'], ['eye', 'patch'], ['eye', 'piece'], ['eye', 'shadow'], ['eye', 'sight'], ['eye', 'witness'], ['face', 'cloth'], ['face', 'time'], ['fair', 'ground'], ['fair', 'way'], ['fairy', 'godmother'], ['faker', 'face'], ['farm', 'boy'], ['farm', 'hand'], ['farm', 'house'], ['farm', 'land'], ['farm', 'stead'], ['farm', 'work'], ['farm', 'yard'], ['farmer', 'man'], ['fat', 'head'], ['feather', 'bed'], ['feather', 'weight'], ['fence', 'post'], ['ferry', 'boat'], ['fiber', 'board'], ['fiber', 'glass'], ['field', 'day'], ['field', 'mouse'], ['field', 'stone'], ['field', 'trip'], ['field', 'work'], ['fig', 'newton'], ['figure', 'head'], ['film', 'strip'], ['finger', 'nail'], ['finger', 'paint'], ['finger', 'print'], ['finger', 'tip'], ['fire', 'arm'], ['fire', 'ball'], ['fire', 'bell'], ['fire', 'bird'], ['fire', 'boat'], ['fire', 'box'], ['fire', 'brigade'], ['fire', 'bug'], ['fire', 'car'], ['fire', 'cracker'], ['fire', 'extinguisher'], ['fire', 'fighter'], ['fire', 'fly'], ['fire', 'guard'], ['fire', 'hat'], ['fire', 'hose'], ['fire', 'house'], ['fire', 'light'], ['fire', 'man'], ['fire', 'place'], ['fire', 'pole'], ['fire', 'power'], ['fire', 'side'], ['fire', 'stick'], ['fire', 'thrower'], ['fire', 'truck'], ['fire', 'trucker'], ['fire', 'wall'], ['fire', 'woman'], ['fire', 'wood'], ['fire', 'work'], ['fish', 'bone'], ['fish', 'bowl'], ['fish', 'cake'], ['fish', 'head'], ['fish', 'hook'], ['fish', 'monger'], ['fish', 'net'], ['fish', 'pond'], ['fish', 'stick'], ['fish', 'tank'], ['fisher', 'man'], ['fishing', 'pole'], ['fist', 'fight'], ['fixer', 'man'], ['flag', 'pole'], ['flag', 'ship'], ['flag', 'stone'], ['flash', 'gun'], ['flash', 'light'], ['flat', 'ware'], ['flax', 'seed'], ['flea', 'wort'], ['flint', 'stone'], ['flood', 'gate'], ['flood', 'light'], ['flood', 'plain'], ['floor', 'board'], ['floor', 'mat'], ['flow', 'chart'], ['flower', 'bed'], ['flower', 'clip'], ['flower', 'girl'], ['flower', 'head'], ['flower', 'pot'], ['fly', 'catcher'], ['fly', 'paper'], ['fly', 'swatter'], ['fly', 'trap'], ['fog', 'horn'], ['fog', 'light'], ['food', 'stuff'], ['foot', 'ball'], ['foot', 'baller'], ['foot', 'board'], ['foot', 'bridge'], ['foot', 'fall'], ['foot', 'hill'], ['foot', 'man'], ['foot', 'muff'], ['foot', 'note'], ['foot', 'path'], ['foot', 'plate'], ['foot', 'print'], ['foot', 'race'], ['foot', 'rest'], ['foot', 'soldier'], ['foot', 'step'], ['foot', 'stool'], ['foot', 'wear'], ['foot', 'work'], ['foots', 'man'], ['force', 'field'], ['fore', 'brain'], ['fore', 'closure'], ['fore', 'court'], ['fore', 'father'], ['fore', 'finger'], ['fore', 'front'], ['fore', 'ground'], ['fore', 'head'], ['fore', 'leg'], ['fore', 'man'], ['fore', 'part'], ['fore', 'play'], ['fore', 'runner'], ['fork', 'lift'], ['fountain', 'head'], ['fox', 'glove'], ['fox', 'hole'], ['fox', 'hound'], ['frame', 'work'], ['french', 'toast'], ['frog', 'man'], ['fromage', 'frais'], ['front', 'line'], ['frontiers', 'man'], ['fruit', 'cake'], ['fun', 'fair'], ['fun', 'house'], ['fund', 'raiser'], ['fur', 'ball'], ['fuse', 'box'], ['fuss', 'bucket'], ['fuss', 'pot'], ['gall', 'bladder'], ['gall', 'stone'], ['game', 'bird'], ['game', 'board'], ['game', 'boy'], ['game', 'room'], ['gang', 'buster'], ['gang', 'land'], ['gang', 'plank'], ['gang', 'way'], ['garbage', 'man'], ['gas', 'light'], ['gate', 'post'], ['gate', 'way'], ['gear', 'box'], ['gear', 'stick'], ['ghost', 'buster'], ['gift', 'ware'], ['gin', 'mill'], ['ginger', 'bread'], ['ginger', 'man'], ['gingerbread', 'man'], ['girl', 'friend'], ['glass', 'ware'], ['globe', 'trotter'], ['glow', 'stick'], ['goal', 'keeper'], ['goal', 'post'], ['god', 'brother'], ['god', 'child'], ['god', 'children'], ['god', 'daughter'], ['god', 'father'], ['god', 'head'], ['god', 'mother'], ['god', 'parent'], ['god', 'sister'], ['god', 'son'], ['gold', 'digger'], ['gold', 'mine'], ['gold', 'smith'], ['goof', 'ball'], ['goose', 'berry'], ['goose', 'bump'], ['goose', 'neck'], ['goose', 'pimple'], ['goose', 'step'], ['grape', 'fruit'], ['grape', 'vine'], ['grass', 'cutter'], ['grass', 'hopper'], ['grass', 'land'], ['grass', 'roots'], ['grave', 'side'], ['grave', 'stone'], ['grave', 'yard'], ['grid', 'iron'], ['grill', 'work'], ['grille', 'work'], ['grist', 'mill'], ['grocery', 'man'], ['grooms', 'man'], ['ground', 'hog'], ['ground', 'water'], ['ground', 'wave'], ['ground', 'work'], ['grounds', 'keeper'], ['grumble', 'head'], ['guard', 'house'], ['guard', 'man'], ['guards', 'man'], ['guest', 'room'], ['guide', 'book'], ['guide', 'line'], ['gum', 'ball'], ['gum', 'drop'], ['gun', 'barrel'], ['gun', 'belt'], ['gun', 'fighter'], ['gun', 'fire'], ['gun', 'flint'], ['gun', 'man'], ['gun', 'play'], ['gun', 'point'], ['gun', 'powder'], ['gun', 'shot'], ['gun', 'slinger'], ['gun', 'smoke'], ['gunny', 'sack'], ['gutter', 'ball'], ['hag', 'fish'], ['hail', 'stone'], ['hail', 'storm'], ['hair', 'ball'], ['hair', 'band'], ['hair', 'bow'], ['hair', 'brush'], ['hair', 'clip'], ['hair', 'dresser'], ['hair', 'dryer'], ['hair', 'line'], ['hair', 'net'], ['hair', 'piece'], ['hair', 'pin'], ['hair', 'shirt'], ['hair', 'slide'], ['hair', 'spray'], ['hair', 'style'], ['hair', 'wash'], ['hall', 'way'], ['hammer', 'head'], ['hand', 'bag'], ['hand', 'ball'], ['hand', 'book'], ['hand', 'brake'], ['hand', 'clasp'], ['hand', 'cloth'], ['hand', 'craft'], ['hand', 'cuff'], ['hand', 'grip'], ['hand', 'gun'], ['hand', 'kerchief'], ['hand', 'maid'], ['hand', 'maiden'], ['hand', 'phone'], ['hand', 'print'], ['hand', 'puppet'], ['hand', 'rail'], ['hand', 'saw'], ['hand', 'set'], ['handle', 'bar'], ['hard', 'cover'], ['hard', 'hat'], ['hat', 'band'], ['hat', 'box'], ['hatch', 'back'], ['hatch', 'way'], ['hatchet', 'man'], ['hay', 'bale'], ['hay', 'fever'], ['hay', 'loft'], ['hay', 'ride'], ['hay', 'shed'], ['hay', 'stack'], ['hazel', 'nut'], ['head', 'ache'], ['head', 'band'], ['head', 'board'], ['head', 'count'], ['head', 'dress'], ['head', 'gear'], ['head', 'lamp'], ['head', 'land'], ['head', 'light'], ['head', 'line'], ['head', 'master'], ['head', 'mistress'], ['head', 'phone'], ['head', 'piece'], ['head', 'room'], ['head', 'scarf'], ['head', 'set'], ['head', 'start'], ['head', 'stone'], ['head', 'way'], ['heads', 'man'], ['health', 'care'], ['heart', 'ache'], ['heart', 'beat'], ['hedge', 'hog'], ['hedge', 'row'], ['heir', 'loom'], ['hell', 'fire'], ['hell', 'hole'], ['helms', 'man'], ['help', 'line'], ['hen', 'house'], ['hench', 'man'], ['herring', 'bone'], ['hill', 'billy'], ['hill', 'side'], ['hill', 'top'], ['hind', 'brain'], ['hind', 'quarters'], ['hind', 'sight'], ['hobby', 'horse'], ['hog', 'wash'], ['home', 'body'], ['home', 'box'], ['home', 'boy'], ['home', 'front'], ['home', 'fry'], ['home', 'land'], ['home', 'maker'], ['home', 'owner'], ['home', 'page'], ['home', 'room'], ['home', 'run'], ['home', 'stead'], ['home', 'town'], ['home', 'work'], ['home', 'world'], ['honey', 'bag'], ['honey', 'bee'], ['honey', 'bun'], ['honey', 'cake'], ['honey', 'comb'], ['honey', 'dew'], ['honey', 'moon'], ['hook', 'worm'], ['horn', 'bill'], ['horse', 'back'], ['horse', 'flesh'], ['horse', 'fly'], ['horse', 'hair'], ['horse', 'man'], ['horse', 'meat'], ['horse', 'play'], ['horse', 'power'], ['horse', 'radish'], ['horse', 'shoe'], ['horse', 'woman'], ['horsie', 'man'], ['hose', 'pipe'], ['hour', 'glass'], ['house', 'boat'], ['house', 'boy'], ['house', 'cat'], ['house', 'coat'], ['house', 'dress'], ['house', 'fly'], ['house', 'hold'], ['house', 'holder'], ['house', 'keeper'], ['house', 'maid'], ['house', 'man'], ['house', 'mate'], ['house', 'paint'], ['house', 'plant'], ['house', 'ware'], ['house', 'work'], ['hub', 'cap'], ['huckle', 'berry'], ['human', 'kind'], ['hump', 'back'], ['hunch', 'back'], ['hunts', 'man'], ['hydro', 'pump'], ['hymn', 'book'], ['ice', 'berg'], ['ice', 'box'], ['ice', 'breaker'], ['ice', 'cap'], ['ice', 'cracker'], ['ice', 'cream'], ['ice', 'cube'], ['ice', 'pick'], ['ice', 'pop'], ['ice', 'skating'], ['inch', 'worm'], ['infantry', 'man'], ['ink', 'blot'], ['inn', 'keeper'], ['inner', 'tube'], ['iron', 'wood'], ['ironing', 'board'], ['jack', 'ass'], ['jack', 'fruit'], ['jack', 'hammer'], ['jack', 'knife'], ['jack', 'pot'], ['jack', 'rabbit'], ['jail', 'house'], ['jammy', 'dodger'], ['jaw', 'bone'], ['jaw', 'breaker'], ['jaw', 'line'], ['jay', 'bird'], ['jazz', 'man'], ['jelly', 'bean'], ['jelly', 'belly'], ['jelly', 'fish'], ['jet', 'pack'], ['jet', 'ski'], ['jig', 'saw'], ['jingle', 'bell'], ['jitter', 'bug'], ['joy', 'ride'], ['joy', 'stick'], ['juice', 'box'], ['juke', 'box'], ['jump', 'rope'], ['jungle', 'gym'], ['junk', 'man'], ['junk', 'yard'], ['key', 'board'], ['key', 'chain'], ['key', 'hole'], ['key', 'note'], ['key', 'pad'], ['key', 'ring'], ['key', 'stone'], ['key', 'stroke'], ['key', 'word'], ['kin', 'folk'], ['king', 'bird'], ['king', 'fisher'], ['king', 'pin'], ['knee', 'board'], ['knee', 'cap'], ['knee', 'hole'], ['knee', 'pad'], ['knick', 'knack'], ['knuckle', 'ball'], ['knuckle', 'head'], ['lady', 'bird'], ['lady', 'bug'], ['lake', 'front'], ['lake', 'side'], ['lamb', 'chop'], ['lamp', 'light'], ['lamp', 'post'], ['lamp', 'shade'], ['land', 'fill'], ['land', 'form'], ['land', 'lady'], ['land', 'line'], ['land', 'lord'], ['land', 'lubber'], ['land', 'mark'], ['land', 'mass'], ['land', 'mine'], ['land', 'owner'], ['land', 'rover'], ['land', 'scape'], ['lap', 'top'], ['lark', 'spur'], ['latch', 'key'], ['lattice', 'work'], ['launch', 'pad'], ['law', 'breaker'], ['law', 'maker'], ['law', 'man'], ['law', 'suit'], ['lawn', 'mower'], ['lay', 'man'], ['leads', 'man'], ['leaf', 'hopper'], ['lee', 'way'], ['leg', 'work'], ['letter', 'box'], ['letter', 'head'], ['life', 'belt'], ['life', 'blood'], ['life', 'boat'], ['life', 'form'], ['life', 'guard'], ['life', 'jacket'], ['life', 'line'], ['life', 'preserver'], ['life', 'raft'], ['life', 'saver'], ['life', 'span'], ['life', 'style'], ['life', 'time'], ['life', 'vest'], ['light', 'bulb'], ['light', 'house'], ['light', 'saber'], ['light', 'ship'], ['light', 'switch'], ['light', 'year'], ['lily', 'pad'], ['lime', 'light'], ['lime', 'stone'], ['line', 'back'], ['line', 'backer'], ['line', 'man'], ['lip', 'stick'], ['litter', 'bin'], ['litter', 'bug'], ['lock', 'smith'], ['log', 'jam'], ['logger', 'head'], ['loop', 'hole'], ['lorry', 'bus'], ['lounge', 'room'], ['love', 'bug'], ['love', 'seat'], ['lumber', 'jack'], ['lumber', 'man'], ['lumber', 'yard'], ['lunch', 'box'], ['lunch', 'meat'], ['lunch', 'room'], ['lunch', 'time'], ['mail', 'bag'], ['mail', 'box'], ['mail', 'lady'], ['mail', 'man'], ['mail', 'person'], ['mail', 'room'], ['mail', 'truck'], ['mail', 'woman'], ['man', 'child'], ['man', 'hole'], ['man', 'hunt'], ['man', 'kind'], ['man', 'power'], ['man', 'servant'], ['man', 'slaughter'], ['man', 'trap'], ['mantel', 'piece'], ['mantle', 'piece'], ['market', 'place'], ['marks', 'man'], ['marsh', 'mallow'], ['master', 'piece'], ['match', 'box'], ['match', 'maker'], ['match', 'stick'], ['may', 'pole'], ['meadow', 'lark'], ['meal', 'time'], ['meal', 'worm'], ['meat', 'ball'], ['meat', 'eater'], ['meat', 'head'], ['meat', 'loaf'], ['mer', 'man'], ['mer', 'people'], ['mer', 'person'], ['mess', 'pot'], ['metal', 'smith'], ['metal', 'work'], ['middle', 'man'], ['midship', 'man'], ['mile', 'stone'], ['milk', 'box'], ['milk', 'man'], ['milk', 'shake'], ['milk', 'weed'], ['mill', 'stone'], ['milque', 'toast'], ['mind', 'reader'], ['mind', 'set'], ['mine', 'sweeper'], ['mold', 'board'], ['mole', 'hill'], ['mole', 'skin'], ['monkey', 'bar'], ['moon', 'beam'], ['moon', 'cake'], ['moon', 'light'], ['moon', 'scape'], ['morning', 'time'], ['mother', 'board'], ['mother', 'fucker'], ['mother', 'land'], ['motor', 'bike'], ['motor', 'boat'], ['motor', 'boatist'], ['motor', 'car'], ['motor', 'cycle'], ['motor', 'home'], ['motor', 'scooter'], ['motor', 'way'], ['mountain', 'side'], ['mountain', 'top'], ['mouse', 'pad'], ['mouse', 'trap'], ['mouth', 'piece'], ['mud', 'flap'], ['mud', 'guard'], ['muscle', 'man'], ['mush', 'ball'], ['music', 'box'], ['music', 'maker'], ['musk', 'rat'], ['name', 'sake'], ['name', 'tag'], ['nap', 'time'], ['nappie', 'time'], ['neck', 'lace'], ['neck', 'line'], ['neck', 'piece'], ['neck', 'tie'], ['needle', 'nose'], ['needle', 'point'], ['needle', 'work'], ['net', 'ball'], ['net', 'work'], ['news', 'agent'], ['news', 'boy'], ['news', 'cast'], ['news', 'caster'], ['news', 'letter'], ['news', 'man'], ['news', 'paper'], ['news', 'print'], ['news', 'reel'], ['news', 'stand'], ['news', 'time'], ['newspaper', 'man'], ['nick', 'name'], ['night', 'cap'], ['night', 'clothes'], ['night', 'club'], ['night', 'crawler'], ['night', 'dress'], ['night', 'gown'], ['night', 'life'], ['night', 'light'], ['night', 'mare'], ['night', 'shirt'], ['night', 'stand'], ['night', 'stick'], ['night', 'time'], ['noise', 'maker'], ['noon', 'time'], ['north', 'east'], ['north', 'west'], ['nose', 'bag'], ['note', 'book'], ['note', 'card'], ['note', 'pad'], ['nut', 'cake'], ['nut', 'case'], ['nut', 'cracker'], ['nut', 'hatch'], ['nut', 'house'], ['nut', 'job'], ['nut', 'shell'], ['oat', 'meal'], ['ocean', 'front'], ['ocean', 'side'], ['oil', 'can'], ['oil', 'cloth'], ['oil', 'seed'], ['olive', 'wood'], ['outdoors', 'man'], ['ox', 'bow'], ['ox', 'cart'], ['ox', 'tail'], ['pace', 'maker'], ['pack', 'rat'], ['pad', 'lock'], ['paddle', 'ball'], ['paddle', 'board'], ['page', 'boy'], ['pain', 'killer'], ['paint', 'ball'], ['paint', 'brush'], ['paint', 'work'], ['pall', 'bearer'], ['pan', 'cake'], ['pan', 'handle'], ['pan', 'pipe'], ['pant', 'leg'], ['pant', 'suit'], ['pantry', 'man'], ['panty', 'hose'], ['paper', 'back'], ['paper', 'boy'], ['paper', 'clip'], ['paper', 'cut'], ['paper', 'man'], ['paper', 'weight'], ['paper', 'work'], ['park', 'way'], ['parrot', 'fish'], ['pass', 'word'], ['passage', 'way'], ['passion', 'fruit'], ['patch', 'work'], ['path', 'way'], ['patrol', 'man'], ['paw', 'print'], ['pay', 'check'], ['pay', 'day'], ['pay', 'loader'], ['pay', 'master'], ['pay', 'roll'], ['pea', 'cock'], ['pea', 'fowl'], ['pea', 'hen'], ['peace', 'maker'], ['peace', 'time'], ['pearl', 'ware'], ['pee', 'pot'], ['peep', 'hole'], ['peg', 'board'], ['pen', 'friend'], ['pen', 'knife'], ['pen', 'man'], ['pen', 'pal'], ['pen', 'stock'], ['pepper', 'corn'], ['pepper', 'mill'], ['pepper', 'mint'], ['pet', 'shop'], ['phone', 'book'], ['phone', 'box'], ['phone', 'call'], ['phone', 'man'], ['pick', 'ax'], ['pick', 'axe'], ['pickle', 'ball'], ['picture', 'book'], ['pie', 'dish'], ['pie', 'man'], ['piece', 'work'], ['pig', 'pen'], ['pig', 'skin'], ['pig', 'stall'], ['pig', 'sty'], ['pig', 'swill'], ['pig', 'tail'], ['pigeon', 'hole'], ['piggie', 'back'], ['piggy', 'back'], ['piggy', 'bank'], ['pigs', 'eye'], ['pillar', 'box'], ['pillow', 'case'], ['pin', 'ball'], ['pin', 'cushion'], ['pin', 'head'], ['pin', 'point'], ['pin', 'stripe'], ['pin', 'wheel'], ['pine', 'apple'], ['pine', 'cone'], ['pipe', 'line'], ['pit', 'bull'], ['pit', 'viper'], ['pitch', 'fork'], ['pixie', 'pie'], ['pizza', 'maker'], ['place', 'holder'], ['place', 'mat'], ['plane', 'load'], ['plaster', 'board'], ['plaster', 'man'], ['plastic', 'ware'], ['play', 'house'], ['play', 'wright'], ['plot', 'line'], ['plough', 'man'], ['plug', 'hole'], ['pocket', 'book'], ['pocket', 'knife'], ['pod', 'cast'], ['pole', 'cat'], ['police', 'man'], ['police', 'woman'], ['pony', 'tail'], ['poop', 'head'], ['pop', 'tart'], ['pop', 'star'], ['poppy', 'seed'], ['pork', 'belly'], ['pork', 'chop'], ['port', 'hole'], ['posse', 'man'], ['post', 'bag'], ['post', 'box'], ['post', 'card'], ['post', 'code'], ['post', 'man'], ['post', 'master'], ['post', 'office'], ['post', 'woman'], ['poster', 'board'], ['pot', 'boiler'], ['pot', 'holder'], ['pot', 'hole'], ['pot', 'luck'], ['pot', 'pie'], ['powder', 'puff'], ['power', 'bike'], ['power', 'house'], ['power', 'point'], ['power', 'saw'], ['prong', 'horn'], ['puff', 'ball'], ['puffer', 'fish'], ['punch', 'ball'], ['puppet', 'master'], ['pussy', 'cat'], ['pussy', 'willow'], ['quarry', 'man'], ['quarter', 'back'], ['quarter', 'master'], ['quay', 'side'], ['rabbit', 'man'], ['race', 'car'], ['race', 'horse'], ['race', 'track'], ['race', 'way'], ['racquet', 'ball'], ['radio', 'man'], ['rag', 'doll'], ['rag', 'time'], ['rail', 'head'], ['rail', 'road'], ['rail', 'roader'], ['rail', 'way'], ['rain', 'bow'], ['rain', 'cloud'], ['rain', 'coat'], ['rain', 'dance'], ['rain', 'drop'], ['rain', 'forest'], ['rain', 'maker'], ['rain', 'stick'], ['rain', 'storm'], ['rat', 'tail'], ['razor', 'back'], ['razor', 'blade'], ['rhine', 'stone'], ['rib', 'cage'], ['rifle', 'man'], ['ring', 'bill'], ['ring', 'leader'], ['ring', 'maker'], ['ring', 'master'], ['ring', 'neck'], ['ring', 'side'], ['river', 'bank'], ['river', 'bed'], ['river', 'bend'], ['river', 'boat'], ['river', 'side'], ['road', 'grader'], ['road', 'bed'], ['road', 'hog'], ['road', 'house'], ['road', 'rage'], ['road', 'runner'], ['road', 'side'], ['road', 'way'], ['road', 'work'], ['rock', 'star'], ['rocket', 'ship'], ['roller', 'blade'], ['roller', 'blader'], ['roller', 'coaster'], ['roller', 'skate'], ['roof', 'line'], ['roof', 'rack'], ['roof', 'top'], ['roof', 'tree'], ['room', 'mate'], ['root', 'beer'], ['rose', 'bud'], ['rose', 'bush'], ['row', 'house'], ['rubber', 'band'], ['saber', 'tooth'], ['sack', 'cloth'], ['sage', 'brush'], ['sail', 'boat'], ['sail', 'fish'], ['sales', 'man'], ['sales', 'people'], ['sales', 'person'], ['sales', 'woman'], ['salt', 'bush'], ['salt', 'fish'], ['salt', 'shaker'], ['salt', 'water'], ['sand', 'bag'], ['sand', 'bank'], ['sand', 'bar'], ['sand', 'box'], ['sand', 'bucket'], ['sand', 'castle'], ['sand', 'lot'], ['sand', 'lotter'], ['sand', 'man'], ['sand', 'paper'], ['sand', 'pile'], ['sand', 'piper'], ['sand', 'pit'], ['sand', 'stone'], ['sandal', 'wood'], ['sauce', 'pan'], ['sauce', 'pot'], ['saw', 'dust'], ['saw', 'horse'], ['saw', 'mill'], ['saw', 'timber'], ['saw', 'tooth'], ['scape', 'goat'], ['school', 'bag'], ['school', 'book'], ['school', 'boy'], ['school', 'bus'], ['school', 'day'], ['school', 'girl'], ['school', 'house'], ['school', 'keeper'], ['school', 'marm'], ['school', 'master'], ['school', 'mate'], ['school', 'night'], ['school', 'teacher'], ['school', 'time'], ['school', 'work'], ['school', 'yard'], ['score', 'board'], ['score', 'card'], ['scouffle', 'bug'], ['scrap', 'book'], ['scrap', 'yard'], ['scratch', 'card'], ['screen', 'land'], ['screen', 'play'], ['screen', 'saver'], ['screen', 'writer'], ['screw', 'driver'], ['scum', 'bag'], ['scum', 'gutter'], ['scuttle', 'bug'], ['sea', 'board'], ['sea', 'food'], ['sea', 'front'], ['sea', 'gull'], ['sea', 'horse'], ['sea', 'lion'], ['sea', 'man'], ['sea', 'plane'], ['sea', 'port'], ['sea', 'shell'], ['sea', 'shore'], ['sea', 'side'], ['sea', 'way'], ['sea', 'weed'], ['seat', 'belt'], ['seed', 'pod'], ['service', 'man'], ['share', 'holder'], ['shark', 'skin'], ['sheep', 'dog'], ['sheep', 'herder'], ['sheep', 'skin'], ['sheet', 'rock'], ['shell', 'fish'], ['shin', 'bone'], ['ship', 'board'], ['ship', 'mate'], ['ship', 'wreck'], ['ship', 'yard'], ['shirt', 'dress'], ['shirt', 'front'], ['shirt', 'sleeve'], ['shirt', 'tail'], ['shit', 'fit'], ['shit', 'load'], ['shoe', 'box'], ['shoe', 'horn'], ['shoe', 'lace'], ['shoe', 'maker'], ['shoe', 'string'], ['shop', 'keeper'], ['shore', 'bird'], ['shore', 'line'], ['short', 'bread'], ['show', 'biz'], ['show', 'man'], ['show', 'time'], ['shower', 'head'], ['shuttle', 'cock'], ['side', 'board'], ['side', 'door'], ['side', 'light'], ['side', 'line'], ['side', 'man'], ['side', 'show'], ['side', 'table'], ['side', 'wall'], ['side', 'winder'], ['sight', 'seer'], ['sign', 'board'], ['sign', 'language'], ['sign', 'post'], ['signal', 'man'], ['silver', 'ware'], ['sketch', 'book'], ['skill', 'set'], ['skin', 'head'], ['skull', 'cap'], ['sky', 'lark'], ['sky', 'light'], ['sky', 'line'], ['sky', 'rocket'], ['sky', 'scraper'], ['sky', 'wave'], ['sky', 'way'], ['sledge', 'hammer'], ['sleep', 'suit'], ['sleep', 'time'], ['sleepy', 'head'], ['sleepy', 'time'], ['slide', 'show'], ['slime', 'ball'], ['sling', 'shot'], ['smart', 'alec'], ['smoke', 'house'], ['smoke', 'screen'], ['smoke', 'stack'], ['snack', 'time'], ['snaggle', 'tooth'], ['snap', 'shot'], ['snot', 'face'], ['snow', 'ball'], ['snow', 'bank'], ['snow', 'bird'], ['snow', 'blower'], ['snow', 'board'], ['snow', 'boot'], ['snow', 'boy'], ['snow', 'cone'], ['snow', 'drift'], ['snow', 'drop'], ['snow', 'flake'], ['snow', 'globe'], ['snow', 'lady'], ['snow', 'man'], ['snow', 'mobile'], ['snow', 'pack'], ['snow', 'pile'], ['snow', 'plow'], ['snow', 'shoe'], ['snow', 'storm'], ['snow', 'suit'], ['soap', 'box'], ['soap', 'sud'], ['sock', 'eye'], ['sofa', 'bed'], ['song', 'bag'], ['song', 'bird'], ['song', 'book'], ['song', 'writer'], ['sooth', 'sayer'], ['soul', 'mate'], ['sound', 'board'], ['sound', 'scape'], ['sound', 'track'], ['south', 'east'], ['south', 'paw'], ['south', 'west'], ['sow', 'belly'], ['space', 'craft'], ['space', 'man'], ['space', 'ship'], ['space', 'suit'], ['speaker', 'phone'], ['spear', 'man'], ['spear', 'mint'], ['speed', 'boat'], ['speed', 'way'], ['spell', 'book'], ['spider', 'web'], ['spit', 'ball'], ['spokes', 'people'], ['spokes', 'person'], ['sports', 'car'], ['sports', 'cast'], ['sports', 'caster'], ['sports', 'man'], ['sports', 'writer'], ['spot', 'light'], ['spring', 'time'], ['stable', 'man'], ['stage', 'coach'], ['stage', 'craft'], ['stair', 'case'], ['stair', 'way'], ['stair', 'well'], ['stake', 'holder'], ['star', 'dust'], ['star', 'fruit'], ['star', 'light'], ['star', 'ship'], ['state', 'room'], ['states', 'man'], ['station', 'master'], ['steak', 'house'], ['steam', 'boat'], ['steam', 'roller'], ['steam', 'ship'], ['steel', 'maker'], ['steel', 'worker'], ['stick', 'ball'], ['stick', 'man'], ['stick', 'pin'], ['stickle', 'back'], ['sting', 'ray'], ['stock', 'broker'], ['stock', 'holder'], ['stock', 'pile'], ['stock', 'room'], ['stomach', 'ache'], ['stone', 'work'], ['store', 'front'], ['store', 'house'], ['store', 'keeper'], ['store', 'man'], ['store', 'room'], ['storm', 'cloud'], ['storm', 'trooper'], ['story', 'board'], ['story', 'book'], ['story', 'line'], ['story', 'time'], ['stove', 'top'], ['strait', 'jacket'], ['straw', 'berry'], ['stream', 'side'], ['street', 'car'], ['street', 'light'], ['style', 'mark'], ['sucker', 'fish'], ['sugar', 'baby'], ['sugar', 'bowl'], ['sugar', 'pie'], ['sugar', 'plum'], ['suit', 'case'], ['suit', 'coat'], ['summer', 'time'], ['sun', 'bath'], ['sun', 'bed'], ['sun', 'bonnet'], ['sun', 'burn'], ['sun', 'burst'], ['sun', 'dial'], ['sun', 'dress'], ['sun', 'fish'], ['sun', 'flower'], ['sun', 'frock'], ['sun', 'glass'], ['sun', 'hat'], ['sun', 'light'], ['sun', 'lounger'], ['sun', 'ray'], ['sun', 'roof'], ['sun', 'room'], ['sun', 'screen'], ['sun', 'shade'], ['sun', 'shield'], ['sun', 'spot'], ['sun', 'suit'], ['sun', 'tan'], ['supper', 'time'], ['sweat', 'band'], ['sweat', 'pants'], ['sweat', 'shirt'], ['sweat', 'shop'], ['sweat', 'suit'], ['sweep', 'stakes'], ['sweet', 'shop'], ['swing', 'set'], ['switch', 'board'], ['swords', 'man'], ['table', 'cloth'], ['table', 'land'], ['table', 'spoon'], ['table', 'top'], ['tail', 'back'], ['tail', 'fin'], ['tail', 'gunner'], ['tail', 'light'], ['tail', 'pipe'], ['tail', 'race'], ['tape', 'worm'], ['tar', 'paper'], ['tar', 'pit'], ['task', 'master'], ['tax', 'payer'], ['taxi', 'cab'], ['taxi', 'way'], ['tea', 'bag'], ['tea', 'cake'], ['tea', 'cart'], ['tea', 'cup'], ['tea', 'house'], ['tea', 'kettle'], ['tea', 'pot'], ['tea', 'set'], ['tea', 'spoon'], ['tea', 'time'], ['tea', 'towel'], ['teak', 'wood'], ['team', 'mate'], ['team', 'work'], ['tear', 'drop'], ['tee', 'ball'], ['tee', 'totaler'], ['teeny', 'bopper'], ['teeth', 'mark'], ['teethy', 'peg'], ['terry', 'cloth'], ['tether', 'ball'], ['text', 'book'], ['theater', 'goer'], ['thorn', 'bush'], ['thumb', 'nail'], ['thumb', 'print'], ['thumb', 'tack'], ['thunder', 'bird'], ['thunder', 'bolt'], ['thunder', 'stick'], ['thunder', 'storm'], ['tide', 'water'], ['time', 'frame'], ['time', 'line'], ['time', 'piece'], ['time', 'sheet'], ['time', 'table'], ['tin', 'man'], ['tin', 'plate'], ['tinker', 'toy'], ['tippy', 'toe'], ['tit', 'mouse'], ['toad', 'stool'], ['toe', 'nail'], ['toll', 'booth'], ['toll', 'gate'], ['toll', 'house'], ['toll', 'way'], ['tom', 'boy'], ['tom', 'cat'], ['tom', 'foolery'], ['tomb', 'stone'], ['tool', 'bag'], ['tool', 'belt'], ['tool', 'box'], ['tool', 'kit'], ['tool', 'maker'], ['tool', 'shed'], ['tooth', 'ache'], ['tooth', 'brush'], ['tooth', 'fairy'], ['tooth', 'paste'], ['tooth', 'pick'], ['tooth', 'puller'], ['toothie', 'peg'], ['top', 'coat'], ['top', 'soil'], ['tortoise', 'shell'], ['tow', 'head'], ['town', 'home'], ['town', 'house'], ['towns', 'man'], ['towns', 'people'], ['toy', 'bin'], ['toy', 'box'], ['toy', 'land'], ['toy', 'maker'], ['toy', 'shop'], ['trade', 'mark'], ['trade', 'wind'], ['trades', 'man'], ['trail', 'head'], ['train', 'man'], ['train', 'set'], ['train', 'track'], ['tram', 'way'], ['trash', 'can'], ['trash', 'man'], ['tree', 'house'], ['tree', 'top'], ['trench', 'coat'], ['trencher', 'man'], ['tribes', 'man'], ['trigger', 'fish'], ['troop', 'ship'], ['trouble', 'maker'], ['trouble', 'shooter'], ['truck', 'load'], ['tumble', 'dryer'], ['tummy', 'ache'], ['tuna', 'fish'], ['turtle', 'neck'], ['twinkle', 'toe'], ['type', 'script'], ['type', 'writer'], ['user', 'name'], ['video', 'camera'], ['video', 'game'], ['video', 'tape'], ['video', 'taper'], ['view', 'finder'], ['view', 'point'], ['vine', 'yard'], ['viper', 'fish'], ['voice', 'box'], ['voice', 'mail'], ['volley', 'ball'], ['waist', 'band'], ['waist', 'coat'], ['waist', 'line'], ['wake', 'board'], ['wall', 'board'], ['wall', 'flower'], ['wall', 'paper'], ['war', 'fare'], ['war', 'front'], ['war', 'head'], ['war', 'monger'], ['war', 'time'], ['ward', 'room'], ['ware', 'house'], ['wart', 'hog'], ['wash', 'bag'], ['wash', 'line'], ['waste', 'basket'], ['waste', 'land'], ['waste', 'paper'], ['watch', 'maker'], ['watch', 'smith'], ['watch', 'tower'], ['water', 'bed'], ['water', 'bird'], ['water', 'color'], ['water', 'cress'], ['water', 'fowl'], ['water', 'front'], ['water', 'hole'], ['water', 'lily'], ['water', 'line'], ['water', 'melon'], ['water', 'mill'], ['water', 'park'], ['water', 'pump'], ['water', 'shed'], ['water', 'side'], ['water', 'ski'], ['water', 'slide'], ['water', 'spout'], ['water', 'tap'], ['water', 'way'], ['water', 'wheel'], ['water', 'witch'], ['water', 'works'], ['wave', 'length'], ['way', 'point'], ['way', 'side'], ['weather', 'man'], ['weather', 'strip'], ['weather', 'vane'], ['web', 'cam'], ['web', 'page'], ['web', 'site'], ['weed', 'eater'], ['week', 'day'], ['week', 'end'], ['weight', 'lifter'], ['wet', 'land'], ['wheel', 'barrow'], ['wheel', 'chair'], ['wheel', 'house'], ['whip', 'saw'], ['whipper', 'snapper'], ['whirly', 'bird'], ['whole', 'saler'], ['wife', 'beater'], ['wiffle', 'ball'], ['will', 'power'], ['wind', 'bag'], ['wind', 'breaker'], ['wind', 'mill'], ['wind', 'pipe'], ['wind', 'screen'], ['wind', 'shield'], ['wind', 'sock'], ['wind', 'storm'], ['window', 'pane'], ['window', 'sill'], ['wine', 'glass'], ['wine', 'head'], ['wing', 'back'], ['wing', 'man'], ['wing', 'span'], ['wing', 'tip'], ['winter', 'time'], ['wish', 'bone'], ['witch', 'craft'], ['witch', 'doctor'], ['wolf', 'hound'], ['wonder', 'land'], ['wood', 'carver'], ['wood', 'chuck'], ['wood', 'cock'], ['wood', 'cutter'], ['wood', 'land'], ['wood', 'louse'], ['wood', 'man'], ['wood', 'pecker'], ['wood', 'shed'], ['wood', 'shop'], ['wood', 'smoke'], ['wood', 'wind'], ['wood', 'work'], ['wood', 'worker'], ['wood', 'worm'], ['woods', 'man'], ['work', 'bench'], ['work', 'book'], ['work', 'day'], ['work', 'flow'], ['work', 'force'], ['work', 'horse'], ['work', 'house'], ['work', 'lady'], ['work', 'load'], ['work', 'man'], ['work', 'mate'], ['work', 'piece'], ['work', 'place'], ['work', 'room'], ['work', 'sheet'], ['work', 'shop'], ['work', 'space'], ['work', 'station'], ['world', 'view'], ['wrist', 'band'], ['wrist', 'watch'], ['wrong', 'doer'], ['yachts', 'man'], ['yard', 'stick'], ['yard', 'work'], ['year', 'book'], ['zebra', 'fish'], ['zip', 'line'], ['zoo', 'keeper'], ['broad', 'side'], ['closed', 'toe'], ['common', 'place'], ['dumb', 'ass'], ['four', 'star'], ['fresh', 'water'], ['hard', 'back'], ['hard', 'core'], ['heavy', 'weight'], ['high', 'brow'], ['left', 'hand'], ['long', 'neck'], ['long', 'time'], ['middle', 'class'], ['one', 'way'], ['part', 'time'], ['plain', 'clothes'], ['real', 'time'], ['rear', 'view'], ['right', 'hand'], ['round', 'neck'], ['second', 'hand'], ['short', 'sleeve'], ['soft', 'core'], ['white', 'water'], ['whole', 'sale'], ['worth', 'while'], ['bald', 'headed'], ['best', 'selling'], ['big', 'headed'], ['bob', 'tailed'], ['broken', 'hearted'], ['cold', 'hearted'], ['cool', 'headed'], ['down', 'cast'], ['down', 'talking'], ['down', 'trodden'], ['dumb', 'struck'], ['easy', 'going'], ['ever', 'lasting'], ['far', 'sighted'], ['first', 'born'], ['fore', 'boding'], ['fore', 'known'], ['fore', 'seen'], ['forth', 'coming'], ['fresh', 'born'], ['googoo', 'eyed'], ['half', 'hearted'], ['hard', 'boiled'], ['hard', 'headed'], ['hard', 'working'], ['heavy', 'set'], ['in', 'born'], ['in', 'coming'], ['in', 'dwelling'], ['in', 'grown'], ['in', 'laid'], ['light', 'headed'], ['light', 'hearted'], ['merry', 'making'], ['near', 'sighted'], ['never', 'ending'], ['new', 'born'], ['new', 'found'], ['north', 'bound'], ['on', 'coming'], ['on', 'going'], ['on', 'rushing'], ['out', 'going'], ['out', 'lying'], ['out', 'spoken'], ['out', 'standing'], ['out', 'worn'], ['pure', 'bred'], ['red', 'headed'], ['rough', 'shod'], ['scatter', 'brained'], ['short', 'sighted'], ['soft', 'boiled'], ['soft', 'hearted'], ['south', 'bound'], ['standard', 'bred'], ['still', 'born'], ['thorough', 'bred'], ['thorough', 'going'], ['up', 'standing'], ['whole', 'hearted'], ['wide', 'spread'], ['air', 'conditioning'], 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['spot', 'light'], ['stream', 'line'], ['sugar', 'coat'], ['swash', 'buckle'], ['tattle', 'tale'], ['tip', 'toe'], ['tippie', 'toe'], ['up', 'chuck'], ['video', 'cam'], ['vouch', 'safe'], ['ware', 'house'], ['zig', 'zag'], ['back', 'swing'], ['cover', 'all'], ['cross', 'walk'], ['day', 'break'], ['down', 'beat'], ['down', 'fall'], ['down', 'turn'], ['fare', 'well'], ['fore', 'cast'], ['fore', 'knowledge'], ['fore', 'shadowing'], ['fore', 'sight'], ['fort', 'night'], ['free', 'fall'], ['frost', 'bite'], ['god', 'send'], ['grid', 'lock'], ['grown', 'up'], ['hand', 'hold'], ['hand', 'shake'], ['hand', 'stand'], ['hard', 'bake'], ['heart', 'throb'], ['hey', 'day'], ['honey', 'suckle'], ['in', 'put'], ['in', 'set'], ['in', 'take'], ['look', 'alike'], ['main', 'stay'], ['newly', 'wed'], ['off', 'shoot'], ['on', 'rush'], ['on', 'set'], ['out', 'back'], ['out', 'break'], ['out', 'burst'], ['out', 'cast'], ['out', 'come'], ['out', 'cry'], ['out', 'flow'], ['out', 'lay'], ['out', 'look'], 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['fast', 'ball'], ['flash', 'card'], ['flat', 'bed'], ['flat', 'head'], ['flat', 'iron'], ['flat', 'land'], ['four', 'wheeler'], ['free', 'holder'], ['free', 'man'], ['free', 'style'], ['free', 'style'], ['free', 'way'], ['freed', 'man'], ['fresh', 'man'], ['full', 'back'], ['funny', 'bone'], ['gentle', 'man'], ['gold', 'finch'], ['golden', 'rod'], ['good', 'will'], ['gray', 'beard'], ['gray', 'scale'], ['great', 'coat'], ['green', 'bean'], ['green', 'fly'], ['green', 'grocer'], ['green', 'grocery'], ['green', 'head'], ['green', 'house'], ['green', 'ware'], ['grey', 'hound'], ['half', 'back'], ['handy', 'man'], ['hard', 'back'], ['hard', 'ball'], ['hard', 'board'], ['hard', 'head'], ['hard', 'tack'], ['hard', 'ware'], ['hard', 'wood'], ['hep', 'cat'], ['hidey', 'hole'], ['high', 'ball'], ['high', 'board'], ['high', 'boy'], ['high', 'chair'], ['high', 'five'], ['high', 'land'], ['high', 'light'], ['high', 'lighter'], ['high', 'way'], ['hollow', 'ware'], ['hot', 'box'], ['hot', 'cake'], ['hot', 'dog'], ['hot', 'house'], ['hot', 'line'], ['hot', 'rod'], ['hot', 'shot'], ['hot', 'spot'], ['humming', 'bird'], ['jumping', 'jacks'], ['lazy', 'bone'], ['light', 'weight'], ['live', 'stock'], ['long', 'boat'], ['long', 'fish'], ['long', 'hand'], ['long', 'horn'], ['long', 'shore'], ['long', 'shoreman'], ['long', 'shot'], ['loud', 'mouth'], ['loud', 'speaker'], ['low', 'fat'], ['low', 'land'], ['low', 'life'], ['lower', 'case'], ['mad', 'house'], ['main', 'frame'], ['main', 'land'], ['main', 'lander'], ['main', 'sail'], ['main', 'stream'], ['mid', 'term'], ['mocking', 'bird'], ['new', 'comer'], ['noble', 'man'], ['numb', 'skull'], ['odd', 'ball'], ['outer', 'wear'], ['pink', 'eye'], ['poor', 'house'], ['quick', 'sand'], ['quick', 'silver'], ['raw', 'hide'], ['red', 'bone'], ['red', 'bud'], ['red', 'coat'], ['red', 'eye'], ['red', 'head'], ['red', 'header'], ['red', 'neck'], ['red', 'wood'], ['rough', 'cast'], ['rough', 'neck'], ['round', 'head'], ['round', 'house'], ['running', 'back'], ['safe', 'keeping'], ['select', 'man'], ['sharp', 'tooth'], ['short', 'bread'], ['short', 'cake'], ['short', 'hand'], ['short', 'wave'], ['sick', 'room'], ['side', 'kick'], ['silver', 'back'], ['silver', 'fish'], ['sippy', 'cup'], ['sippy', 'dipper'], ['sleepy', 'head'], ['slow', 'poke'], ['small', 'mouth'], ['small', 'pox'], ['smart', 'phone'], ['smart', 'watch'], ['smooth', 'bore'], ['soft', 'ball'], ['soft', 'cover'], ['soft', 'ware'], ['soft', 'wood'], ['sour', 'dough'], ['sour', 'puss'], ['spread', 'sheet'], ['stale', 'mate'], ['still', 'birth'], ['strong', 'hold'], ['strong', 'man'], ['sweet', 'bread'], ['sweet', 'corn'], ['sweet', 'heart'], ['sweet', 'pea'], ['tender', 'loin'], ['thorough', 'fare'], ['tight', 'rope'], ['top', 'hat'], ['turbo', 'prop'], ['under', 'classman'], ['under', 'classmen'], ['upper', 'case'], ['wet', 'suit'], ['whirly', 'bird'], ['white', 'board'], ['white', 'face'], ['white', 'head'], ['white', 'ware'], ['whole', 'meal'], ['whole', 'wheat'], ['wild', 'cat'], ['wild', 'fire'], ['wild', 'flower'], ['wild', 'life'], ['yellow', 'jacket'], ['back', 'stage'], ['back', 'stairs'], ['bare', 'back'], ['before', 'hand'], ['broad', 'side'], ['cater', 'corner'], ['cross', 'ways'], ['free', 'hand'], ['front', 'ways'], ['half', 'time'], ['half', 'way'], ['half', 'ways'], ['length', 'ways'], ['long', 'ways'], ['part', 'way'], ['piece', 'meal'], ['side', 'saddle'], ['counter', 'clockwise'], ['down', 'right'], ['head', 'long'], ['heaven', 'ward'], ['horse', 'back'], ['horsie', 'back'], ['piggy', 'back'], ['that', 'away'], ['this', 'away'], ['baa', 'lamb'], ['baa', 'sheep'], ['baabaa', 'sheep'], ['billy', 'goat'], ['bunny', 'rabbit'], ['doggie', 'dog'], ['kitty', 'cat'], ['moo', 'cow'], ['panda', 'bear'], ['puppy', 'dog'], ['quack', 'duck'], ['she', 'cat'], ['teddy', 'bear'], ['air', 'tight'], ['awe', 'struck'], ['bed', 'bound'], ['bed', 'fast'], ['blood', 'thirsty'], ['bomb', 'proof'], ['brain', 'dead'], ['buck', 'wild'], ['bullet', 'proof'], ['burglar', 'proof'], ['car', 'sick'], ['care', 'free'], ['child', 'proof'], ['city', 'wide'], ['color', 'blind'], ['color', 'fast'], ['country', 'wide'], ['dog', 'eared'], ['fiber', 'optic'], ['fire', 'proof'], ['fool', 'hardy'], ['fool', 'proof'], ['fore', 'most'], ['free', 'hand'], ['free', 'lance'], ['front', 'ward'], ['god', 'damn'], ['hap', 'hazard'], ['hay', 'wire'], ['head', 'first'], ['head', 'strong'], ['hind', 'most'], ['home', 'sick'], ['honey', 'dip'], ['house', 'bound'], ['iron', 'clad'], ['knee', 'deep'], ['life', 'long'], ['luke', 'warm'], ['nation', 'wide'], ['news', 'worthy'], ['nit', 'picky'], ['note', 'worthy'], ['piece', 'meal'], ['rust', 'proof'], ['sea', 'sick'], ['ship', 'shape'], ['shock', 'proof'], ['side', 'long'], ['side', 'ways'], ['skin', 'tight'], ['sound', 'proof'], ['star', 'board'], ['state', 'wide'], ['stead', 'fast'], ['stir', 'crazy'], ['sun', 'lit'], ['thread', 'bare'], ['top', 'most'], ['water', 'proof'], ['weather', 'proof'], ['week', 'long'], ['wind', 'blown'], ['world', 'wide'], ['year', 'long'], ['year', 'old'], ['bow', 'wow'], ['clickety', 'clack'], ['clickety', 'click'], ['clickety', 'clop'], ['clip', 'clop'], ['clippity', 'clop'], ['dibble', 'dabble'], ['ding', 'dong'], ['flip', 'flop'], ['hee', 'haw'], ['hip', 'hop'], ['hokey', 'pokey'], ['hoot', 'hoot'], ['hop', 'bang'], ['nitty', 'gritty'], ['oom', 'pahpah'], ['piggie', 'wiggie'], ['pitter', 'pat'], ['pitter', 'patter'], ['plip', 'plop'], ['rufty', 'tufty'], ['snip', 'snap'], ['splish', 'splash'], ['tic', 'tac'], ['tick', 'tock'], ['tootsie', 'wootsie'], ['twirly', 'whirly'], ['back', 'flip'], ['back', 'lash'], ['back', 'rub'], ['back', 'splash'], ['back', 'wash'], ['bar', 'keep'], ['bill', 'fold'], ['bird', 'feed'], ['blood', 'flow'], ['blood', 'shed'], ['boot', 'black'], ['cat', 'walk'], ['center', 'punch'], ['crap', 'shoot'], ['crew', 'cut'], ['eye', 'wash'], ['face', 'lift'], ['hair', 'cut'], ['hair', 'do'], ['hay', 'mow'], ['head', 'butt'], ['head', 'lock'], ['head', 'rest'], ['head', 'stand'], ['heart', 'break'], ['heart', 'burn'], ['home', 'stay'], ['land', 'slide'], ['molly', 'coddle'], ['moon', 'shine'], ['moon', 'walk'], ['mouth', 'wash'], ['mud', 'slide'], ['night', 'fall'], ['nose', 'bleed'], ['pin', 'prick'], ['pip', 'squeak'], ['rain', 'fall'], ['ride', 'share'], ['road', 'block'], ['side', 'walk'], ['snake', 'bite'], ['snow', 'fall'], ['star', 'burst'], ['sun', 'block'], ['sun', 'rise'], ['sun', 'set'], ['sun', 'shine'], ['thunder', 'clap'], ['time', 'share'], ['water', 'fall'], ['whip', 'lash'], ['wind', 'fall']]

compounds.py at commit d8bb0cd, under BSD-3-Clause · at the source

Overview

Authors: Alessa Hausmann1, Adolfo M García2,3,4, Ana Sofia Costa5, Arpita Bose6, Boon Lead Tee3,7, Claudia Rivera‐Fernandez8,9, Eduardo Europa10, Gitit Kavé11, Jee Eun Sung12, Maira Okada de Oliveira3,13, Mandy Wigdorowitz14,15,16, Maria Garraffa17, Maria Teresa Carthery‐Goulart13,18,19, Michael J Kleiman20, Naama Friedmann21, Samir Diouny22, Sanne Franzen23, Sofia Toniolo24, Stephanie Grasso25, Thomas H Bak26, Valentina Borghesani1
ORCID iDs: Alessa Hausmann, Ana Sofia Costa, Eduardo Europa, Maria Garraffa, Valentina Borghesani
26 affiliations
  1. Department of Psychology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
  2. Centro de Neurociencias Cognitivas, Universidad de San Andrés, Buenos Aires, Argentina
  3. Global Brain Health Institute (GBHI), University of California, San Francisco, USA
  4. Departamento de Lingüística y Literatura, Facultad de Humanidades, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
  5. Department of Neurology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
  6. School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
  7. UCSF Edward and Pearl Fein Memory and Aging Center, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, USA
  8. Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
  9. Universidad Tecnológica del Perú, Arequipa, Perú
  10. Department of Communicative Disorders and Sciences, San José State University, San José, California, USA
  11. Department of Education and Psychology, The Open University of Israel, Ra'anana, Israel
  12. Department of Communication Disorders, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
  13. Cognitive Neurology and Behavioral Unit (GNCC), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
  14. Modern Languages and Classics, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, USA
  15. Theoretical and Applied Linguistics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
  16. Department of Psychology, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
  17. Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, East Anglia University, Norwich, UK
  18. Human Communication, Learning and Development Unit, Faculty of Education, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
  19. Center of Mathematics, Computing, and Cognition, Federal University of ABC, Santo André, Brazil
  20. Comprehensive Center for Brain Health, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Boca Raton, USA
  21. Language and Brain Lab, Sagol School of Neuroscience and School of Education, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
  22. Clinical Neuroscience & Mental Health Lab, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco
  23. Department of Neurology & Alzheimer Center, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
  24. Oxford Health Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK
  25. University of Texas at Austin, Austin, USA
  26. School of Philosophy, Psychology & Language Sciences (PPLS), University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland
Institutions: University of Geneva (Switzerland); Universidad de Santiago de Chile (Chile); University of California, San Francisco (United States); University of San Andrés (Argentina); Global Brain Health Institute (United States); Universitätsklinikum Aachen (Germany); RWTH Aachen University (Germany); University of Reading (United Kingdom); Universidad Complutense de Madrid (Spain); Universidad Tecnológica del Perú (Peru); San Jose State University (United States); Open University of Israel (Israel); Ewha Womans University (South Korea); Universidade de São Paulo (Brazil); University of Alabama (United States); University of Johannesburg (South Africa); University of Cambridge (United Kingdom); University of East Anglia (United Kingdom); Universidade Federal do ABC (Brazil); University of Hong Kong (Hong Kong SAR China); University of Miami (United States); Tel Aviv University (Israel); University of Hassan II Casablanca (Morocco); Erasmus MC (Netherlands); The University of Texas at Austin (United States); University of Edinburgh (United Kingdom)
Journal: Alzheimer's & dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands), volume 18, issue 2, article e70366
Dates: received 6 October 2025; accepted 26 April 2026; published online 8 June 2026
Type: Review · Language: English
License: CC BY
Identifiers: DOI 10.1002/dad2.70366 · PMID 42273083 · PMCID PMC13246477 · OpenAlex W7163985058
Open access: gold, a free copy (OpenAlex)
Status: code verified
Categories: cognitive (subfield)
Methods: Machine learning, Evoked potentials, Statistics, fMRI & imaging
Keywords: acquired aphasia, brain health equity, language assessment, multilingualism, personalized medicine, progressive neurogenic disorders
Topic: Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism (Cognitive Neuroscience, Neuroscience), according to OpenAlex
Funding: ZonMw (Nos. 73305095007, 73305095007, 1051003210004); Swiss National Science Foundation (223316); National Institute on Aging (R01AG075775, R01AG21051, R01AG057234); Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica (01‐PICTE‐2022‐05‐00103); National Institutes of Health (R21AG068757, R01AG080469, R01AG083840); Alzheimer's Association (SG‐20‐725707)
Citations: cited by 2 papers (Europe PMC); 109 references in the paper

Abstract

Accurate language assessment is essential in clinical and research contexts. However, most assessment tools and questionnaires have been developed within monolingual frameworks, overlooking the particularities of the vast multilingual population and, thus, often leading to misdiagnosis and inequitable care. Here, we examine the limitations of monolingual‐centric approaches to language testing in multilinguals with acquired and progressive neurogenic disorders and explore the implications of multilingualism across linguistic, cognitive, neural, clinical, and sociocultural domains. We also address the need for technological innovation and theoretical refinement to better accommodate linguistic diversity in healthcare. Ultimately, we advocate for a nuanced, equitable, and culturally sensitive model of language assessment that reflects the realities of multilingual populations by accounting for their diverse linguistic repertoires, cognitive trajectories, and neural profiles. This model integrates valid, adapted tools, inclusive normative data, and context‐appropriate testing practices, with particular attention to under‐represented and typologically diverse languages.

Reproduced under the paper's license (CC BY), from the paper cited above.

Repository

Its files are read in the Code ↔ Paper reader above, with 1 match between paragraphs and lines of code.

TalkBank/batchalign2

License: BSD-3-Clause
State: the link answers, verified on 28 September 2026
Evidence: files inventoried
Commit: d8bb0cd05d968b31333e6cfbbd4e93b93d288236, 6 September 2026
Languages: Python (145)
Size: 182 files, 145 scripts
Software Heritage: not archived
Found in: the text, “ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) AS ALLY? THE PROMIS”
Holds: README, license file, CITATION.cff, environment (requirements.txt, setup.py), tests, continuous integration, documentation
Tools: PyTorch (16 files), Hugging Face Transformers (9 files), NumPy (7 files), Matplotlib (1 file), Numba (1 file), pandas (1 file), Plotly (1 file), SciPy (1 file)
Availability: 1 check, the latest on 28 September 2026: the link answers
  • 28 September 2026: the link answers
147 files
At the source: github.com/TalkBank/batchalign2

Tracing map

Proposed by the machine: these links were found in the paper and verified at the source, without human review. The map will receive a Zenodo DOI once one of the paper's authors has validated it with their ORCID.

What the map holds:

  • 1 repository of the authors' code, each at its verified commit, with its license and how the link was found in the paper;
  • 145 scripts, each with its path and the digest of its content;
  • 1 match between paragraphs of the paper and lines of the code (method lexical-v1);
  • neither the text of the paper nor the code itself.

Its JSON (tracing-map.json) is deposited on Zenodo with its DOI once the map is validated.

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Versions

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Version 1, 28 September 2026: the first record

Recorded: type, language, journal, volume, issue, pages, dates, 21 authors, 6 keywords, 6 funders, 101 references.

Cite

This paper

Hausmann, A., García, A. M., Costa, A. S., Bose, A., Tee, B. L., Rivera‐Fernandez, C., Europa, E., Kavé, G., Sung, J. E., de Oliveira, M. O., Wigdorowitz, M., Garraffa, M., Carthery‐Goulart, M. T., Kleiman, M. J., Friedmann, N., Diouny, S., Franzen, S., Toniolo, S., Grasso, S., . . . Borghesani, V. (2026). Redefining the norms: an interdisciplinary perspective on language testing in multilinguals with acquired and progressive neurogenic disorders. Alzheimer's & dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands), 18(2), e70366. https://doi.org/10.1002/dad2.70366

BibTeX

@article{hausmann2026redefining,
author = {Hausmann, Alessa and García, Adolfo M and Costa, Ana Sofia and Bose, Arpita and Tee, Boon Lead and Rivera‐Fernandez, Claudia and Europa, Eduardo and Kavé, Gitit and Sung, Jee Eun and de Oliveira, Maira Okada and Wigdorowitz, Mandy and Garraffa, Maria and Carthery‐Goulart, Maria Teresa and Kleiman, Michael J and Friedmann, Naama and Diouny, Samir and Franzen, Sanne and Toniolo, Sofia and Grasso, Stephanie and Bak, Thomas H and Borghesani, Valentina},
title = {{Redefining the norms: an interdisciplinary perspective on language testing in multilinguals with acquired and progressive neurogenic disorders}},
journal = {Alzheimer's \& dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands)},
year = {2026},
month = apr,
volume = {18},
number = {2},
pages = {e70366},
publisher = {Wiley},
issn = {2352-8729},
doi = {10.1002/dad2.70366},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1002/dad2.70366},
pmid = {42273083},
pmcid = {PMC13246477}
}

RIS

TY - JOUR
AU - Hausmann, Alessa
AU - García, Adolfo M
AU - Costa, Ana Sofia
AU - Bose, Arpita
AU - Tee, Boon Lead
AU - Rivera‐Fernandez, Claudia
AU - Europa, Eduardo
AU - Kavé, Gitit
AU - Sung, Jee Eun
AU - de Oliveira, Maira Okada
AU - Wigdorowitz, Mandy
AU - Garraffa, Maria
AU - Carthery‐Goulart, Maria Teresa
AU - Kleiman, Michael J
AU - Friedmann, Naama
AU - Diouny, Samir
AU - Franzen, Sanne
AU - Toniolo, Sofia
AU - Grasso, Stephanie
AU - Bak, Thomas H
AU - Borghesani, Valentina
TI - Redefining the norms: an interdisciplinary perspective on language testing in multilinguals with acquired and progressive neurogenic disorders
T2 - Alzheimer's & dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands)
J2 - Alzheimers Dement (Amst)
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/04/01
VL - 18
IS - 2
SP - e70366
SN - 2352-8729
PB - Wiley
DO - 10.1002/dad2.70366
UR - https://doi.org/10.1002/dad2.70366
LA - en
ER -

CSL-JSON

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