SimulScan and Partial Least Squares: Visualizing Swallowing Through Functional and Dynamic Imaging Correlations.
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- [1] § Results ↔ plsc.ipynb, lines 1–33 · score 0.62 · motion correction, MRI images, FSL, filtering, fMRI, SimulScan
Paper
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Overview
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Grainger College of Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- Biohub Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Speech, Language, & Hearing Sciences, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
- Coordinated Science Lab, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, Auburn, Alabama, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Speech & Hearing Science, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Champaign, Illinois, USA
Abstract
Purpose: Swallowing involves the precise coordination of muscles and brain areas and can be disrupted in a variety of neurological conditions. Current methods to visualize swallowing cannot examine both the biomechanics and brain activity associated with specific swallowing events. An updated version of a pulse sequence that simultaneously samples BOLD‐based fMRI and dynamic imaging (called SimulScan) is introduced that provides higher quality and faster dynamic imaging, enabling data‐driven analysis of swallowing function through a partial least squares (PLS) analysis.
Methods: Integrating updated dynamic imaging approaches, SimulScan achieved dynamic MRI at 23.75 frames per second with a 30 cm field of view with BOLD fMRI at a 1.6 s TR. Five subjects were scanned with SimulScan twice and with videofluoroscopy to compare the preliminary reliability of measuring swallowing biomechanics using computational analysis of swallowing mechanics (CASM) and the test–retest relationship in correlated functional and dynamic components of PLS.
Results: High reliability of biomechanical measures of swallowing was achieved across the two SimulScan runs with CASM (r = 0.891; p < 0.0001) and between SimulScan and videofluoroscopy (r = 0.686; p < 0.0001). Correlations between dynamic and functional imaging across runs also showed high reliability (mean correlation of first 3 latent variable timeseries was 0.49 (p < 0.001) within a run and 0.17 (p < 0.001) across runs), indicating that SimulScan with PLS can extract reliable maps of linked correlations between the brain and the oropharyngeal dynamics.
Conclusion: The updated SimulScan with PLS analysis enables the study of central control of swallowing, providing simultaneous biomechanical visualization of the swallow along with brain functional signals.
Reproduced under the paper's license (CC BY), from the paper cited above.
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39a20c93452ddd759975901dd705cee9a4e8659d, 16 June 2026Availability: 1 check, the latest on 27 September 2026: the link answers
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Data
No dataset and no data link were found in the paper.
Data Availability Statement
The data that support the findings of this study are available on request from the corresponding author. The data are not publicly available due to privacy or ethical restrictions. Custom Python libraries were written to provide the PLS analysis and other processing leveraging Dask (www.dask.org), a python library for parallel computing. This script is available on GitHub (https://
Reproduced under the paper's license (CC BY), from the paper cited above.
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Version 2, 28 September 2026
- Publisher: — → Wiley
Version 1, 27 September 2026: the first record
Recorded: type, language, journal, volume, issue, pages, dates, 10 authors, 4 keywords, 14 MeSH terms, 3 funders, 62 references.
Cite
This paper
Sutton, B. P., Bosshardt, A., Peng, C., Adetula, O. T., Kim, J., Jin, R., Krishna, V., Pearson, W. G., Liu, Z., & Malandraki, G. A. (2026). SimulScan and Partial Least Squares: Visualizing Swallowing Through Functional and Dynamic Imaging Correlations. Magnetic resonance in medicine, 96(4), 1755-1768. https://
BibTeX
@article{sutton2026simul
author = {Sutton, Bradley P and Bosshardt, Anthony and Peng, Ching‐Hsuan and Adetula, Ololade T and Kim, Jiyoon and Jin, Riwei and Krishna, Vaishnavi and Pearson, William G and Liu, Zhongming and Malandraki, Georgia A},
title = {{SimulScan and Partial Least Squares: Visualizing Swallowing Through Functional and Dynamic Imaging Correlations}},
journal = {Magnetic resonance in medicine},
year = {2026},
month = jun,
volume = {96},
number = {4},
pages = {1755--1768},
publisher = {Wiley},
issn = {0740-3194},
doi = {10.1002/
url = {https://
pmid = {42324631},
pmcid = {PMC13419336}
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
AU - Sutton, Bradley P
AU - Bosshardt, Anthony
AU - Peng, Ching‐Hsuan
AU - Adetula, Ololade T
AU - Kim, Jiyoon
AU - Jin, Riwei
AU - Krishna, Vaishnavi
AU - Pearson, William G
AU - Liu, Zhongming
AU - Malandraki, Georgia A
TI - SimulScan and Partial Least Squares: Visualizing Swallowing Through Functional and Dynamic Imaging Correlations
T2 - Magnetic resonance in medicine
J2 - Magn Reson Med
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/
VL - 96
IS - 4
SP - 1755
EP - 1768
SN - 0740-3194
PB - Wiley
DO - 10.1002/
UR - https://
LA - en
ER -
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