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Protocol for monitoring neurotransmitter release upon projection-specific activation in mouse dorsal raphe nucleus via in vivo fiber photometry.

Overview

Authors: Keke Zhang1,2, Kaichen Gao1,2, Jun-Xia Yang1,2, Ankang Hu3, Hongxing Zhang1,2, Lingzhen Song1,2
  1. Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
  2. Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Brain Science, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
  3. Laboratory Animal Center, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
Institutions: Xuzhou Medical College (China); Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology (China)
Journal: STAR protocols, volume 7, issue 2, article 104564
Dates: published online 15 May 2026; in print June 2026
Type: Research article · Language: English
License: CC BY-NC
Identifiers: DOI 10.1016/j.xpro.2026.104564 · PMID 42139060 · PMCID PMC13202260 · OpenAlex W7161237941
Open access: gold, a free copy (OpenAlex)
Status: code on request
Categories: optical imaging (calcium, voltage, 2-photon) (modality), mouse (organism)
Methods: Preprocessing, Evoked potentials, Statistics, fMRI & imaging, Single-unit activity, calcium imaging
Keywords: Cell Biology, Genetics, Neuroscience
MeSH: Dorsal Raphe Nucleus*, Fiber Optic Technology*, Neurotransmitter Agents*, Optogenetics*, Photometry*, Animals, Mice (* major topic)
Topic: Nerve injury and regeneration (Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Neuroscience), according to OpenAlex
Funding: Jiangsu Province Natural Science Foundation (BK20241956); China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2023M732973); National Natural Science Foundation of China (82271255, 82301413); Innovative Team of Jiangsu Province (JSSCTD202451)
Citations: not cited yet (Europe PMC); 15 references in the paper

Abstract

Fiber photometry is powerful for monitoring in vivo neural activity and neurotransmitter dynamics. Here, we present a protocol for synchronized fiber photometry recordings and optogenetic activation to measure neurotransmitter release using genetically encoded fluorescent biosensors in the mouse dorsal raphe nucleus. We outline detailed steps for stereotaxic virus injection, fiber-optic cannula implantation, and synchronized fiber photometry and optogenetics. Additionally, we describe histological validation and analysis of photometry data. These steps can be adapted for tracking various neurotransmitters in other brain circuits.

For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Song et al.1

Reproduced under the paper's license (CC BY-NC), from the paper cited above.

Code

The paper says that its authors' code is available on request: it was not published with the paper, so there is nothing to verify.

The paper's code and data availability statement is in the Data section.

Tracing map

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Data

No dataset and no data link were found in the paper.

Data and code availability

All data reported in this paper will be shared by the lead contact upon reasonable request.

This paper does not report original code.

Any additional information required to reanalyze the data reported in this paper is available from the lead contact upon request.

Reproduced under the paper's license (CC BY-NC), from the paper cited above.

Versions

The history of this record: each version stored by the harvester or made by a correction of its authors or of the maintainers of its code, and what changed in its facts. The texts of the paper (its abstract, its availability statements) are not part of it; versions that changed only those are not listed.

Version 1, 28 September 2026: the first record

Recorded: type, language, journal, volume, issue, pages, dates, 6 authors, 3 keywords, 7 MeSH terms, 4 funders, 15 references.

Cite

This paper

Zhang, K., Gao, K., Yang, J.-X., Hu, A., Zhang, H., & Song, L. (2026). Protocol for monitoring neurotransmitter release upon projection-specific activation in mouse dorsal raphe nucleus via in vivo fiber photometry. STAR protocols, 7(2), 104564. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xpro.2026.104564

BibTeX

@article{zhang2026protocol,
author = {Zhang, Keke and Gao, Kaichen and Yang, Jun-Xia and Hu, Ankang and Zhang, Hongxing and Song, Lingzhen},
title = {{Protocol for monitoring neurotransmitter release upon projection-specific activation in mouse dorsal raphe nucleus via in vivo fiber photometry}},
journal = {STAR protocols},
year = {2026},
month = may,
volume = {7},
number = {2},
pages = {104564},
publisher = {Elsevier},
issn = {2666-1667},
doi = {10.1016/j.xpro.2026.104564},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xpro.2026.104564},
pmid = {42139060},
pmcid = {PMC13202260}
}

RIS

TY - JOUR
AU - Zhang, Keke
AU - Gao, Kaichen
AU - Yang, Jun-Xia
AU - Hu, Ankang
AU - Zhang, Hongxing
AU - Song, Lingzhen
TI - Protocol for monitoring neurotransmitter release upon projection-specific activation in mouse dorsal raphe nucleus via in vivo fiber photometry
T2 - STAR protocols
J2 - STAR Protoc
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/05/15
VL - 7
IS - 2
SP - 104564
SN - 2666-1667
PB - Elsevier
DO - 10.1016/j.xpro.2026.104564
UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xpro.2026.104564
LA - en
ER -

CSL-JSON

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