Learned statistical regularity modulates anticipatory micro-saccades toward suppressed distractor locations.
The 8 matches · 4 of them tie a paragraph to a whole file, not to given lines: weak matches, whose lines are not tinted
- [1] § Methods › Micro-saccade detection ↔ Codes/Analysis Codes/Micro-saccade detection/microsacc.R, the whole file · a weak match · score 0.79 · velocity threshold, minimum duration, peak velocity, Engbert, Micro saccades, amplitude
- [2] § Methods › Classification analysis ↔ Codes/Analysis Codes/Fig.2g.m, lines 157–236 · score 0.66 · Support Vector, SVM ECOC, fitcecoc, accuracies, training, model
- [3] § Methods › Time-frequency analysis ↔ Codes/Analysis Codes/Fig.2b.m, lines 16–96 · score 0.66 · 8–14 Hz, 2500 ms, alpha, epoch, power, electrodes
- [4] § Methods › Micro-saccade-locked activity ↔ Codes/Analysis Codes/Fig2.d_e_f.m, the whole file · a weak match · score 0.56 · 500–1000 ms, pre, activity, 500 ms, EEG, electrodes
- [5] § Methods › Micro-saccade detection ↔ Codes/Analysis Codes/Micro-saccade detection/binsacc.R, the whole file · a weak match · score 0.54 · peak velocity, Engbert, Micro saccades, amplitude, vertical, Horizontal
- [6] § Results › Micro-saccade-locked activity ↔ Codes/Analysis Codes/Fig2.d_e_f.m, the whole file · a weak match · score 0.53 · 500–1000 ms, topography, activity, window, 500 ms
- [7] § Methods › Inverted encoding model ↔ Codes/Analysis Codes/Fig.2b.m, lines 198–266 · score 0.52 · weight matrix, channel response, model
- [8] § Methods › Inverted encoding model ↔ Codes/Analysis Codes/Fig.2b.m, lines 16–96 · score 0.51 · circularly shifted, band, alpha, channel, power, electrode
Paper
Loaded from Europe PMC by your browser, not stored by OSCR: doi.org · Europe PMC
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The authors' code
MATLAB · 267 lines · 11 KB · no license · 3 matches
- %dapated from Foster et al., 2016
- clear, close all, warning('off','all'),clc,clear all
- readdir = 'path to preprocessed EEG data';
- cd(readdir)
- sublist=dir(readdir);
- sublist={sublist.name};
- sublist = sublist(3:end);
- for subno =1:length(sublist)
- clear EEG
- dname = sublist{subno};
- fprintf('Loading subject %s for analysis ...\n',dname);
- load([readdir filesep dname]);
- %% Select chans of interes
- chan={'O1','O2','Oz','PO3','PO4','PO7','PO8','POz','P1','P2','P3','P4','P5','P6','P7','P8','Pz'};
- chan2plot=[];
- for ch=1:length(chan)
- chan2plot(ch) = find(strcmpi({EEG.chanlocs.labels},chan(ch)));
- end
- EEG = pop_select(EEG,'channel',chan);
- fprintf('Loading subject %s for analysis ...\n',dname);
- % parameters to set
- em.nChans = 6; % # of channels
- em.nBins = em.nChans; % # of stimulus bins
- em.nIter = 10; % # of iterations
- em.nBlocks = 3; % # of blocks for cross-validation
- em.frequencies = [8 14]; % frequency bands to analyze
- em.bands = {'Alpha'};
- em.time = -2500:2:1000; % time points of interest
- em.window = 2;
- em.Fs = EEG.srate;
- em.nElectrodes = length(chan);
- em.sampRate = 2; % downsampled sample rate (in ms)
- em.time = -2500:2:1000; % specificy time window of interest
- em.dtime = -2500:em.sampRate:1000; % downsampled time points
- em.stepSize = em.sampRate/(1000/em.Fs); % number of samples the classifer jumps with each shift
- em.nSamps = length(em.time); % # of samples
- em.dSamps = length(em.dtime); % # of samples at downsampled rate
- cnt = 0;
- clear epoch_markers distance_markers
- posBin=[];
- epoch_markers = [];
- for i = 1:EEG.trials
- marker = cell2mat(EEG.epoch(i).eventtype);
- lantancy = cell2mat(EEG.epoch(i).eventlatency);
- if length(EEG.epoch(i).eventlatency)>3
- RT(i) = lantancy(4);
- else
- RT(i) = 2001;
- end
- lantanct_index = find(lantancy==0);
- epoch_marker = marker(lantanct_index);
- response_marker = marker(lantanct_index+1);
- epoch_markers(i) = epoch_marker;
- posBin(i) = epoch_marker;
- end
- EEG.epoch_markers = epoch_markers;
- eegs = EEG.data;
- clear RT
- nChans = em.nChans;
- nBins = em.nBins;
- nIter = em.nIter;
- nBlocks = em.nBlocks;
- freqs = em.frequencies;
- times = em.time;
- nFreqs = size(em.frequencies,1); %%
- nElectrodes = em.nElectrodes;
- disp(nElectrodes);
- disp(chan);
- nSamps = length(em.time);
- Fs = em.Fs;
- dSamps = em.dSamps;
- sampRate = em.sampRate;
- stepSize = em.stepSize;
- window = em.window;
- % Specify basis set
- em.sinPower = 7;%sin power at 25th in Sutterer&Foster_2019_Plos Biology
- em.x = linspace(0, 2*pi-2*pi/nBins, nBins);
- em.cCenters = linspace(0, 2*pi-2*pi/nChans, nChans);
- em.cCenters = rad2deg(em.cCenters);
- pred = sin(0.5*em.x).^em.sinPower; % hypothetical channel responses
- pred = wshift('1D',pred,3); % shift the initial basis function
- basisSet = nan(nChans,nBins);
- for c = 1:nChans
- basisSet(c,:) = wshift('1D',pred,-c+1); % generate circularly shifted basis functions
- end
- em.basisSet = basisSet;
- eegs = EEG.data;%(:,:,EEG.index);
- posBin = posBin';
- em.posBin = posBin;
- % Grab data------------------------------------------------------------
- % Shift So that highprob loctions are catogorized into bin1
- em.nTrials = length(posBin); nTrials = em.nTrials; % # of good trials
- nTimes = length(times);
- %----------------------------------------------------------------------
- % Preallocate Matrices
- tf_evoked = nan(nFreqs,nIter,nSamps,nBlocks,nChans); tf_total = tf_evoked;
- C2_evoked = nan(nFreqs,nIter,nSamps,nBlocks,nBins,nChans); C2_total = C2_evoked;
- em.blocks = nan(nTrials,nIter);
- eegs = permute(eegs,[3 1 2]);%
- nPoint = length(eegs);
- epoch_index = dsearchn(EEG.times',times');
- % Loop through each frequency
- for f = 1:nFreqs
- tic % start timing frequency loop
- fprintf('Frequency %d out of %d\n', f, nFreqs)
- % Filter Data
- fdata_evoked = nan(nTrials,nElectrodes,nPoint);
- fdata_total = nan(nTrials,nElectrodes,nPoint);
- tic
- parfor c = 1:nElectrodes
- %fdata_total(:,c,:) = (eegfilt(squeeze((eegs(:,c,:))),Fs,freqs(f,1),freqs(f,2))')';
- disp(c)
- fdata_evoked(:,c,:) = hilbert(eegfilt(squeeze((eegs(:,c,:))),Fs,freqs(f,1),freqs(f,2))')';
- fdata_total(:,c,:) = abs(hilbert(eegfilt(squeeze((eegs(:,c,:))),Fs,freqs(f,1),freqs(f,2))')').^2;
- % fdata_total(:,c,:) = eegfilt(squeeze(eegs(:,c,:)),Fs,freqs(1,1),freqs(1,2));% instantaneous power calculated here for induced activity.
- end
- toc
- fdata_total = fdata_total(:,:,epoch_index);
- fdata_evoked = fdata_evoked(:,:,epoch_index);
- for iter = 1:nIter
- blocks = nan(size(posBin));
- shuffBlocks = nan(size(posBin));
- % count number of trials within each position bin
- clear binCnt %bincnt = bin count
- for bin = 1:nBins
- binCnt(bin) = sum(posBin == bin);%%
- end
- minCnt = min(binCnt); %
- nPerBin = floor(minCnt/nBlocks);
- % max # of trials such that the # of trials for each bin can be equated within each block
- shuffInd = randperm(nTrials)'; % create shuffle index
- shuffBin = posBin(shuffInd); % shuffle trial order
- for bin = 1:nBins
- idx = find(shuffBin == bin); % get index for trials belonging to the current bin%
- idx = idx(1:nPerBin*nBlocks); % drop excess trials
- x = repmat(1:nBlocks',nPerBin,1); shuffBlocks(idx) = x; % assign randomly order trials to blocks
- end
- % unshuffle block assignment ÕâÀïΪʲôҪunshuffle?
- blocks(shuffInd) = shuffBlocks;
- % save block assignment
- em.blocks(:,iter) = blocks; % block assignment
- em.nTrialsPerBlock = length(blocks(blocks == 1)); % ÌáÈ¡³öÿ¸öblockÖÐÓжàÉÙ¸ötrial
- %-------------------------------------------------------------------------
- % Average data for each position bin across blocks
- posBins = 1:nBins;
- blockDat_evoked = nan(nBins*nBlocks,nElectrodes,nSamps); % averaged evoked data
- blockDat_total = nan(nBins*nBlocks,nElectrodes,nSamps); % averaged total data
- labels = nan(nBins*nBlocks,1); % bin labels for averaged data
- blockNum = nan(nBins*nBlocks,1); % block numbers for averaged data
- c = nan(nBins*nBlocks,nChans); % predicted channel responses for averaged data
- bCnt = 1;
- for ii = 1:nBins
- for iii = 1:nBlocks
- blockDat_evoked(bCnt,:,:) = abs(squeeze(mean(fdata_evoked(posBin==posBins(ii) & blocks==iii,:,:),1))).^2;
- blockDat_total(bCnt,:,:) = squeeze(mean(fdata_total(posBin==posBins(ii) & blocks==iii,:,:),1));
- % blockDat_total(bCnt,:,:); = squeeze(mean(fdata_total;(posBin==posBins(1) & blocks==1,:,:),1));
- labels(bCnt) = ii;
- blockNum(bCnt) = iii;
- c(bCnt,:) = basisSet(ii,:);
- bCnt = bCnt+1;
- end
- end
- parfor t = 1:nSamps
- % grab data for timepoint t
- toi = ismember(times,times(t)-em.window/2:times(t)+em.window/2); % time window of interest
- de = squeeze(mean(blockDat_evoked(:,:,toi),3)); % evoked data
- dt = squeeze(mean(blockDat_total(:,:,toi),3)); % total data
- % Do forward model
- for i=1:nBlocks % loop through blocks, holding each out as the test set
- trnl = labels(blockNum~=i); % training labels
- tstl = labels(blockNum==i); % test labels
- %-----------------------------------------------------%
- % Analysis on Evoked Power %
- %-----------------------------------------------------%
- B1 = de(blockNum~=i,:); % training data
- B2 = de(blockNum==i,:); % test data
- C1 = c(blockNum~=i,:); % predicted channel outputs for training data
- W = C1\B1;% estimate weight matrix
- C2 = (W'\B2')'; % estimate channel responses
- C2_evoked(f,iter,t,i,:,:) = C2; % save the unshifted channel responses
- % shift eegs to common center
- n2shift = ceil(size(C2,2)/2);
- for ii=1:size(C2,1)
- [~, shiftInd] = min(abs(posBins-tstl(ii)));
- C2(ii,:) = wshift('1D', C2(ii,:), shiftInd-n2shift-1);
- end
- tf_evoked(f,iter,t,i,:,:) = mean(C2,1); % average shifted channel responses
- %-----------------------------------------------------%
- % Analysis on Total Power %
- %-----------------------------------------------------%
- B1 = dt(blockNum~=i,:); % training data
- B2 = dt(blockNum==i,:); % test data
- C1 = c(blockNum~=i,:); % predicted channel outputs for training data
- W = C1\B1; % estimate weight matrix
- C2 = (W'\B2')'; % estimate channel responses
- C2_total(f,iter,t,i,:,:) = C2;
- % shift eegs to common center
- n2shift = ceil(size(C2,2)/2);
- for ii=1:size(C2,1)
- [~, shiftInd] = min(abs(posBins-tstl(ii)));
- C2(ii,:) = wshift('1D', C2(ii,:), shiftInd-n2shift-1);
- end
- tf_total(f,iter,t,i,:) = mean(C2,1);
- C2_total_shifted(f,iter,t,i,:,:) = C2;
- % average shifted channel responses
- %-----------------------------------------------------%
- end
- end
- end
- toc % stop timing the frequency loop
- end
- %tf_total_mean = squeeze(mean(mean(tf_total,2),4));
- fName = ['save path\' filesep sublist{subno}(1:end)];
- em.C2_total_shifted = C2_total_shifted;
- em.tfs.evoked = tf_evoked;
- em.tfs.total = tf_total;
- em.nBlocks = nBlocks;
- save(fName,'em','-v7.3');
- end
Fig.2b.m, no license · at the source
Overview
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Psychiatric Disorders, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Psychiatric Disorders, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine for Qingzhi Diseases, Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University,Guangzhou, China
- Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University,Guangzhou, China
- Department of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua, China
- Department of Psychiatry and Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford,Oxford, United Kingdom
- Department of Experimental and Applied Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam,Amsterdam, the Netherlands
Abstract
The abstract is not reproduced here: the paper's license (CC BY-NC-ND) does not allow it. Read it in the paper, at the publisher or on Europe PMC.
Repository
Its files are read in the Code ↔ Paper reader above, with 8 matches between paragraphs and lines of code.
OSF dfrpq
Availability: 1 check, the latest on 27 September 2026: the link answers (HTTP 200)
- 27 September 2026: the link answers (HTTP 200)
14 files
- Codes/
Analysis Codes/ , MATLAB, 48 linesFig.1e.m - Codes/
Analysis Codes/ , MATLAB, 30 linesFig.1i.m - Codes/
Analysis Codes/ , MATLAB, 214 linesFig.2a.m - Codes/
Analysis Codes/ , MATLAB, 267 lines, 3 matchesFig.2b.m - Codes/
Analysis Codes/ , MATLAB, 236 lines, 1 matchFig.2g.m - Codes/
Analysis Codes/ , MATLAB, 30 lines, 2 matchesFig2.d_e_f.m - Codes/
Analysis Codes/ , R, 96 lines, 1 matchMicro-saccade detection/ binsacc.R - Codes/
Analysis Codes/ , R, 112 lines, 1 matchMicro-saccade detection/ microsacc.R - Codes/
Analysis Codes/ , R, 71 linesMicro-saccade detection/ sacpar.R - Codes/
Analysis Codes/ , R, 13 linesMicro-saccade detection/ smoothdata.R - Codes/
Analysis Codes/ , R, 25 linesMicro-saccade detection/ vecvel.R - Codes/
Analysis Codes/ , MATLAB, 247 linesPermutation_for_time_ser ies.m - Codes/
Experiment Codes/ , Python, 1 lineAttentionalC.py - ReadME.txt, Text, 95 lines
Code availability statement
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Read it in the paper: doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-73916-1.
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Version 1, 27 September 2026: the first record
Recorded: type, language, journal, volume, issue, pages, dates, 6 authors, 3 keywords, 11 MeSH terms, 1 funder, 65 references.
Cite
This paper
Chen, S., Zhang, X., Li, X., Jensen, O., Theeuwes, J., & Wang, B. (2026). Learned statistical regularity modulates anticipatory micro-saccades toward suppressed distractor locations. Nature communications, 17(1), 7091. https://
BibTeX
@article{chen2026learned
author = {Chen, Sirui and Zhang, Xin and Li, Xinyu and Jensen, Ole and Theeuwes, Jan and Wang, Benchi},
title = {{Learned statistical regularity modulates anticipatory micro-saccades toward suppressed distractor locations}},
journal = {Nature communications},
year = {2026},
month = jun,
volume = {17},
number = {1},
pages = {7091},
publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
issn = {2041-1723},
doi = {10.1038/
url = {https://
pmid = {42230612},
pmcid = {PMC13392092}
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
AU - Chen, Sirui
AU - Zhang, Xin
AU - Li, Xinyu
AU - Jensen, Ole
AU - Theeuwes, Jan
AU - Wang, Benchi
TI - Learned statistical regularity modulates anticipatory micro-saccades toward suppressed distractor locations
T2 - Nature communications
J2 - Nat Commun
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/
VL - 17
IS - 1
SP - 7091
SN - 2041-1723
PB - Nature Publishing Group
DO - 10.1038/
UR - https://
LA - en
ER -
CSL-JSON
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"DOI": "10.1038/
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