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Quantum-inspired entanglement between collaborating brains during human memory encoding.

Overview

Authors: Xue Yang1, Yi Jiang2,3, Qianxiang Zhou4,5, Kuan Pei6, Chunyan Guo1, Peng Zhang1
ORCID iDs: Yi Jiang, Peng Zhang
  1. Beijing Key Laboratory of Learning and Cognition, School of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
  2. State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Science and Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
  3. Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
  4. Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
  5. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 102433, China
  6. Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
Dates: received 31 July 2025; accepted 9 February 2026; published online 11 March 2026; in print 17 March 2026
Type: Research article · Language: English
License: CC BY-NC-ND
Identifiers: DOI 10.1073/pnas.2520834123 · PMID 41811447 · PMCID PMC12994213 · OpenAlex W7135019230
Open access: hybrid, a free copy (OpenAlex)
Status: data only
Categories: EEG (modality), human (organism), cognitive (subfield)
Methods: Spectral & time-frequency, Statistics, Smoothing, state filtering, decompositions, Connectivity, Preprocessing, Evoked potentials, fMRI & imaging, Machine learning
Keywords: Quantum entanglement, Interbrain connectivity, Collaborative memory encoding, |aligned〉, |misaligned〉
MeSH: Brain*, Memory*, Adult, Cooperative Behavior, Electroencephalography, Empathy, Female, Humans, Male, Quantum Theory, Young Adult (* major topic)
Journal subjects: Biological Sciences, Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Physical Sciences, Applied Physical Sciences
Topic: Functional Brain Connectivity Studies (Cognitive Neuroscience, Neuroscience), according to OpenAlex
Funding: Nation Postdoctoral Funded Project (GZC20231734); General Grant from the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2023M742431); Special Grant from the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2024T170591)
Citations: cited by 2 papers (Europe PMC); 87 references in the paper

Abstract

The abstract is not reproduced here: the paper's license (CC BY-NC-ND) does not allow it. Read it in the paper, at the publisher or on Europe PMC.

Code

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The paper's code and data availability statement is in the Data section.

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Data

Datasets cited

  • osf:afq2p, at OSF; found in “Data, Materials, and Software Availability”

Code and data availability statement

The paper has a code and data availability statement. Its license (CC BY-NC-ND) does not allow reproducing it here; in short, from what the harvester recognized in it:

Read it in the paper: doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2520834123.

Versions

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Version 1, 30 September 2026: the first record

Recorded: type, language, journal, volume, issue, pages, dates, 6 authors, 5 keywords, 11 MeSH terms, 3 funders, 64 references.

Cite

This paper

Yang, X., Jiang, Y., Zhou, Q., Pei, K., Guo, C., & Zhang, P. (2026). Quantum-inspired entanglement between collaborating brains during human memory encoding. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 123(11), e2520834123. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2520834123

BibTeX

@article{yang2026quantum,
author = {Yang, Xue and Jiang, Yi and Zhou, Qianxiang and Pei, Kuan and Guo, Chunyan and Zhang, Peng},
title = {{Quantum-inspired entanglement between collaborating brains during human memory encoding}},
journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America},
year = {2026},
month = mar,
volume = {123},
number = {11},
pages = {e2520834123},
publisher = {National Academy of Sciences},
issn = {0027-8424},
doi = {10.1073/pnas.2520834123},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2520834123},
pmid = {41811447},
pmcid = {PMC12994213}
}

RIS

TY - JOUR
AU - Yang, Xue
AU - Jiang, Yi
AU - Zhou, Qianxiang
AU - Pei, Kuan
AU - Guo, Chunyan
AU - Zhang, Peng
TI - Quantum-inspired entanglement between collaborating brains during human memory encoding
T2 - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
J2 - Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/03/11
VL - 123
IS - 11
SP - e2520834123
SN - 0027-8424
PB - National Academy of Sciences
DO - 10.1073/pnas.2520834123
UR - https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2520834123
LA - en
ER -

CSL-JSON

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"language": "en",
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