Sensory basis of speech motor learning and memory.
Overview
- Yale Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511
- Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1G1, Canada
Abstract
Changes to speech offer a quantifiable means to assess speech motor learning, and the resulting memory is thought to be motor in nature. Here, we evaluate this idea and show instead that memory for speech movements has a sensory basis. Speech motor learning, using altered auditory feedback, provides an experimental model to address this question as it involves auditory, somatosensory, and motor components to learning. Transcranial magnetic stimulation was used to disrupt auditory (superior temporal gyrus, STG), posterior somatosensory (S1), or motor (M1) cortex following speech motor learning. Retention tests were conducted 24 h later. It was found that following disruption of either STG or S1, motor memory retention was impaired whereas disruption of M1 led to retention that was no different than that of a no TMS control condition. The effects of disruption were specific to speech motor learning and did not interfere with speech production per se. Taken together, the findings support the notion that plasticity in the sensory cortex, both auditory and somatosensory, is necessary for speech motor learning and memory. In speech, changes to sensory systems enable the production of newly learned movements.
Reproduced under the paper's license (CC BY), from the paper cited above.
Code
No file of the authors' code could be read here: it is described below, and read at its source.
OSF 4n2ux
Availability: 1 check, the latest on 30 September 2026: the link answers (HTTP 200)
- 30 September 2026: the link answers (HTTP 200)
The paper's code and data availability statement is in the Data section.
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Data
No dataset and no data link were found in the paper.
Data, Materials, and Software Availability
Data shown in Figs. 2–4 on which the statistical analyses were conducted have been deposited in OSF (79). Since speech acoustical data cannot be anonymized, only processed data are available.
Reproduced under the paper's license (CC BY), from the paper cited above.
Versions
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Version 1, 30 September 2026: the first record
Recorded: type, language, journal, volume, issue, pages, dates, 4 authors, 5 keywords, 12 MeSH terms, 1 funder, 74 references.
Cite
This paper
Rao, N., Gendron, R., Manning, T. F., & Ostry, D. J. (2026). Sensory basis of speech motor learning and memory. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 123(17), e2525468123. https://
BibTeX
@article{rao2026sensory,
author = {Rao, Nishant and Gendron, Rosalie and Manning, Timothy F. and Ostry, David J.},
title = {{Sensory basis of speech motor learning and memory}},
journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America},
year = {2026},
month = apr,
volume = {123},
number = {17},
pages = {e2525468123},
publisher = {National Academy of Sciences},
issn = {0027-8424},
doi = {10.1073/
url = {https://
pmid = {42030143},
pmcid = {PMC13123799}
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
AU - Rao, Nishant
AU - Gendron, Rosalie
AU - Manning, Timothy F.
AU - Ostry, David J.
TI - Sensory basis of speech motor learning and memory
T2 - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
J2 - Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/
VL - 123
IS - 17
SP - e2525468123
SN - 0027-8424
PB - National Academy of Sciences
DO - 10.1073/
UR - https://
LA - en
ER -
CSL-JSON
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