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The Brain Response to Reflectional Symmetry Is Not Uniquely Preattentive.

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Paper

Loaded from Europe PMC by your browser, not stored by OSCR: doi.org · Europe PMC

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The authors' code

MATLAB · 144 lines · 3.1 KB · no license

  1. clear all
  2. cd '/Volumes/SPN Catalog/Expanded Catalogue'
  4. load 'DirectoryEnquiries.mat';
  5. D = DirectoryEnquiries;
  7. for i = 1:length(D)
  9. allDataFolder = D(i,1);
  10. ERPfolder = D(i,3);
  12. cd(allDataFolder);
  14. if str2num(D(i,4)) ==1
  15. i;
  16. n = D(i,6);
  18. load(n)
  19. cd(ERPfolder)
  20. triggerInfoFileName = D(i,5);
  21. save(triggerInfoFileName,'triggerInfo')
  22. end
  23. end
  25. % cd '/Volumes/SPN Catalog/Expanded Catalogue/Project 25/EX1 Color and Shape/Color Memory'
  26. % cd "/Volumes/SPN Catalog/Expanded Catalogue/Project 25alldata/EX1 Color and Shape/Color Memory"
  27. %
  28. % cd('/Volumes/SPN Catalog/Expanded Catalogue/Project 39alldata/EX1 Complex')
  31. clear all
  32. folder1 = '/Users/alexismakin/Desktop/Alexis Work/Symmetry EEG/SPN effect size and power/Results and Analysis V8/Matlab Stackers';
  33. cd(folder1)
  35. load 'DirectoryEnquiries2.mat';
  36. D = DirectoryEnquiries2;
  37. o = [];
  38. for i = 1:length(D)
  39. ERPfolder = D(i,1);
  40. GrandAverageFolder = D(i,2);
  42. folder = strcat(ERPfolder, GrandAverageFolder);
  43. cd(folder);
  44. load 'SPNcheck.mat'% from CI waves
  45. o = [o,SPNcheck];
  46. clear SPNcheck
  48. end
  50. cd(folder1)
  51. save('SPNcheck','o')
  55. clear all
  56. folder1 = '/Users/alexismakin/Desktop/Alexis Work/Symmetry EEG/SPN effect size and power/Results and Analysis V8/Matlab Stackers';
  57. cd(folder1)
  59. load 'DirectoryEnquiries2.mat';
  60. D = DirectoryEnquiries2;
  61. o = [];
  62. for i = 1:length(D)
  63. ERPfolder = D(i,1);
  64. GrandAverageFolder = D(i,2);
  66. folder = strcat(ERPfolder, GrandAverageFolder);
  67. cd(folder);
  68. load 'SPNcheck2.mat' % from the topoplots
  69. o = [o,SPNcheck];
  70. clear SPNcheck
  72. end
  74. cd(folder1)
  75. save('SPNcheck2','o')
  80. clear all
  81. folder1 = '/Users/alexismakin/Desktop/Alexis Work/Symmetry EEG/SPN effect size and power/Results and Analysis V8/Matlab Stackers';
  82. cd(folder1)
  84. load 'DirectoryEnquiries2.mat';
  85. D = DirectoryEnquiries2;
  86. o = [];
  87. for i = 1:length(D)
  88. ERPfolder = D(i,1);
  89. GrandAverageFolder = D(i,2);
  91. folder = strcat(ERPfolder, GrandAverageFolder);
  92. cd(folder);
  93. load 'thinSPNResults'
  94. o = [o;thinResults];
  95. clear thinResults
  97. end
  98. cd(folder1)
  99. save('thinSPNResults','o')
  103. clear all
  104. folder1 = '/Users/alexismakin/Desktop/Alexis Work/Symmetry EEG/SPN effect size and power/Results and Analysis V8/Matlab Stackers';
  105. cd(folder1)
  106. load 'DirectoryEnquiries2.mat';
  107. D = DirectoryEnquiries2;
  108. o = [];
  109. for i = 1:length(D)
  110. ERPfolder = D(i,1);
  111. GrandAverageFolder = D(i,2);
  113. folder = strcat(ERPfolder, GrandAverageFolder);
  114. cd(folder);
  115. load 'thinPeakExtremeResults'
  116. o = [o;thinResults];
  117. clear thinResults
  119. end
  120. cd(folder1)
  121. save('thinPeakExtremeResults','o')
  123. clear all
  124. folder1 = '/Users/alexismakin/Desktop/Alexis Work/Symmetry EEG/SPN effect size and power/Results and Analysis V8/Matlab Stackers';
  125. cd(folder1)
  127. load 'DirectoryEnquiries2.mat';
  128. D = DirectoryEnquiries2;
  129. o = [];
  130. for i = 1:length(D)
  131. ERPfolder = D(i,1);
  132. GrandAverageFolder = D(i,2);
  134. folder = strcat(ERPfolder, GrandAverageFolder);
  135. cd(folder);
  136. load 'GFPDiffCheck.mat'
  137. o = [o,GFPDiffCheck];
  138. clear GFPDiffCheck
  140. end
  142. cd(folder1)
  143. save('GFPDiffCheck','o')

DirectoryChecker.m, no license · at the source

Overview

Authors: Ned Buckley1, Alexis D. J. Makin1
ORCID iDs: Ned Buckley, Alexis D. J. Makin
  1. Department of Psychological Sciences, Eleanor Rathbone Building University of Liverpool Liverpool UK
Institutions: University of Liverpool (United Kingdom)
Journal: The European journal of neuroscience, volume 64, issue 1, article e70608
Dates: received 16 February 2026; accepted 20 June 2026; published online 29 June 2026; in print July 2026
Type: Research article · Language: English
License: CC BY
Identifiers: DOI 10.1111/ejn.70608 · PMID 42373576 · PMCID PMC13314561 · OpenAlex W7166546993
Open access: hybrid, a free copy (OpenAlex)
Status: code verified
Categories: EEG (modality), human (organism), cognitive (subfield)
Methods: Connectivity, Statistics, Smoothing, state filtering, decompositions, Evoked potentials
Keywords: EEG, ERPs, glass patterns, reflection, sustained posterior negativity, symmetry
MeSH: Attention*, Brain*, Evoked Potentials*, Pattern Recognition, Visual*, Adult, Electroencephalography, Female, Humans, Male, Photic Stimulation, Young Adult (* major topic)
Topic: Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies (Cognitive Neuroscience, Neuroscience), according to OpenAlex
Funding: Economic and Social Research Council (ES/S014691/1)
Citations: cited by 1 paper (Europe PMC); 39 references in the paper

Abstract

EEG can be used to measure the brain response to visual regularity. Reflectional symmetry generates an event‐related potential (ERP) named the sustained posterior negativity (SPN). The SPN for reflectional symmetry is generated automatically, whatever the participant's task. This may be because reflectional symmetry has a fundamental role in perceptual organization and guiding adaptive behaviour. In contrast, other types of regularity, such as glass patterns, do not have this ecological significance. We thus predicted that the glass pattern SPN would be more susceptible to experimental variations of task than the reflection SPN. To test this prediction, we ran three experiments on three different groups of 52 participants. All participants saw the same random, reflection and glass dot dipole stimuli. The stimuli were either black or white. In the Regularity Task, participants discriminated whether the patterns were random or regular (where regular means reflection or glass). In the Luminance task, participants discriminated whether the patterns were black or white. In the Cross task, participants discriminated whether the vertical or horizontal arm of the central fixation cross was longer. As predicted, both the reflection and glass SPN were largest in the Regularity task, reduced in the Luminance task and reduced again in the Cross task. Contrary to predictions, glass pattern SPNs were less affected by task than reflection SPNs. This unexpected result suggests that glass patterns may even be processed more automatically than reflection, although this would require replication before it is treated as secure knowledge.

Reproduced under the paper's license (CC BY), from the paper cited above.

Repository

Its files are read in the Code ↔ Paper reader above.

OSF 2sncj

License: none: the authors keep all their rights
State: the link answers, verified on 27 September 2026
Evidence: files inventoried
Size: 65 files
Software Heritage: not checked
Found in: the text, “EEG Processing”
Not found: README, license file, CITATION.cff, environment file, tests, continuous integration, documentation
Tools: ggplot2 (3 files), lme4 (2 files), caret (1 file), EEGLAB (1 file), tidyverse (1 file)
Availability: 1 check, the latest on 27 September 2026: the link answers (HTTP 200)
  • 27 September 2026: the link answers (HTTP 200)
28 files
At the source: osf.io/2sncj/

The paper's code and data availability statement is in the Data section.

Tracing map

Proposed by the machine: these links were found in the paper and verified at the source, without human review. The map will receive a Zenodo DOI once one of the paper's authors has validated it with their ORCID.

What the map holds:

  • 1 repository of the authors' code, each at its verified commit, with its license and how the link was found in the paper;
  • 28 scripts, each with its path and the digest of its content;
  • no match between paragraphs and code yet;
  • neither the text of the paper nor the code itself.

Its JSON (tracing-map.json) is deposited on Zenodo with its DOI once the map is validated.

Data

No dataset and no data link were found in the paper.

Data Availability Statement

All raw data, analysed data, analysis codes, stimulus images and stimulus generation codes are freely available for all users on open science framework. This is project 49 in the complete Liverpool SPN catalogue (https://osf.io/2sncj/).

Reproduced under the paper's license (CC BY), from the paper cited above.

Versions

The history of this record: each version stored by the harvester or made by a correction of its authors or of the maintainers of its code, and what changed in its facts. The texts of the paper (its abstract, its availability statements) are not part of it; versions that changed only those are not listed.

Version 2, 28 September 2026

  • Publisher: n/a → Wiley

Version 1, 27 September 2026: the first record

Recorded: type, language, journal, volume, issue, pages, dates, 2 authors, 6 keywords, 11 MeSH terms, 1 funder, 38 references.

Cite

This paper

Buckley, N., & Makin, A. D. J. (2026). The Brain Response to Reflectional Symmetry Is Not Uniquely Preattentive. The European journal of neuroscience, 64(1), e70608. https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.70608

BibTeX

@article{buckley2026brain,
author = {Buckley, Ned and Makin, Alexis D. J.},
title = {{The Brain Response to Reflectional Symmetry Is Not Uniquely Preattentive}},
journal = {The European journal of neuroscience},
year = {2026},
month = jul,
volume = {64},
number = {1},
pages = {e70608},
publisher = {Wiley},
issn = {0953-816X},
doi = {10.1111/ejn.70608},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.70608},
pmid = {42373576},
pmcid = {PMC13314561}
}

RIS

TY - JOUR
AU - Buckley, Ned
AU - Makin, Alexis D. J.
TI - The Brain Response to Reflectional Symmetry Is Not Uniquely Preattentive
T2 - The European journal of neuroscience
J2 - Eur J Neurosci
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/07/01
VL - 64
IS - 1
SP - e70608
SN - 0953-816X
PB - Wiley
DO - 10.1111/ejn.70608
UR - https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.70608
LA - en
ER -

CSL-JSON

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"id": "10.1111/ejn.70608",
"type": "article-journal",
"title": "The Brain Response to Reflectional Symmetry Is Not Uniquely Preattentive",
"container-title": "The European journal of neuroscience",
"author": [
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"family": "Buckley",
"given": "Ned"
},
{
"family": "Makin",
"given": "Alexis D. J."
}
],
"container-title-short": "Eur J Neurosci",
"volume": "64",
"issue": "1",
"page": "e70608",
"DOI": "10.1111/ejn.70608",
"PMID": "42373576",
"PMCID": "PMC13314561",
"ISSN": "0953-816X",
"publisher": "Wiley",
"URL": "https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.70608",
"language": "en",
"issued": {
"date-parts": [
[
2026,
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1
]
]
}
}

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