Exogenously Driven Neural Reactivation of Spatially Matching Visual Working-Memory Contents.
The 15 matches
- [1] § Materials and Methods › Experimental design › EEG data acquisition and preprocessing ↔ ANALYSES_SCRIPTS/EEG/preprocessing/get_3_1_prs_eeg_usableTrialsEEG_adapted_probe.m, lines 76–97 · score 0.67 · 8–30 Hz, ft_rejectvisual, 4–7, preprocessing, channels, probe
- [2] § Materials and Methods › EEG analyses › Cluster-based permutation tests on EEG data ↔ ANALYSES_SCRIPTS/EEG/MVPA/GA_6_cr_decoding_animatevsinanimate_adapted.m, lines 69–105 · score 0.65 · ft_timelockstatistics, FieldTrip, montecarlo, temporal, permutation, cluster
- [3] § Materials and Methods › Experimental design ↔ ANALYSES_SCRIPTS/BEHAVIORAL/HDDM/hddm_model_creation.py, lines 2–17 · score 0.62 · hierarchical drift diffusion, HDDM, model, behavioral, EEG
- [4] § Materials and Methods › Experimental design › EEG data acquisition and preprocessing ↔ ANALYSES_SCRIPTS/EEG/preprocessing/get_2_prs_eeg_ica_adapted.m, lines 57–65 · score 0.62 · Artifact rejection, ft_rejectvisual, channels, preprocessing, EEG
- [5] § Results › Exogenous retro-cues selectively revive neural traces of spatially matching WM content ↔ ANALYSES_SCRIPTS/EEG/MVPA/GA_6_cr_topography_decoding_animatevsinanimate_adapted.m, lines 96–108 · score 0.59 · 128–520 ms, 128 ms, decoded, electrodes, MVPA, animacy
- [6] § Materials and Methods › Methods › Apparatus, stimuli, and procedure ↔ TASK/run_maintask_eeg.py, lines 312–380 · score 0.59 · bimanual response, pressing, counterbalanced, duration, interval, fixation
- [7] § Materials and Methods › Methods › Apparatus, stimuli, and procedure ↔ TASK/run_maintask_eeg_neut.py, lines 284–350 · score 0.59 · bimanual response, pressing, counterbalanced, duration, interval, fixation
- [8] § Materials and Methods › EEG analyses › Event-related potentials (ERPs) ↔ ANALYSES_SCRIPTS/EEG/ERPs/get_prs_eeg_ERP_adapted.m, lines 67–93 · score 0.59 · low pass filtered, baseline corrected, FieldTrip, ERPs, electrodes, ft
- [9] § Materials and Methods › EEG analyses › Event-related potentials (ERPs) ↔ ANALYSES_SCRIPTS/EEG/ERPs/GA_prs_eeg_ERP_adapted.m, lines 88–123 · score 0.58 · ft_topoplotER, posterior electrodes, ERPs, FieldTrip, topographies, 500 ms
- [10] § Results › Exogenous retro-cues selectively revive neural traces of spatially matching WM content ↔ ANALYSES_SCRIPTS/EEG/MVPA/GA_6_cr_topography_decoding_animatevsinanimate_adapted.m, lines 96–108 · score 0.56 · 128–520 ms, 128 ms, topography, window, decoding, electrodes
- [11] § Results › Exogenous retro-cues selectively revive neural traces of spatially matching WM content ↔ ANALYSES_SCRIPTS/EEG/MVPA/get_6_cr_decoding_animatevsinanimate_adapted.m, lines 1–8 · score 0.56 · Mahalanobis distance, EEG decoding, posterior electrodes, MVPA, inanimate
- [12] § Materials and Methods › Statistical analyses › HDDM ↔ ANALYSES_SCRIPTS/BEHAVIORAL/HDDM/hddm_model_creation.py, lines 44–72 · score 0.53 · p_outlier, burn, HDDM, chain, model
- [13] § Materials and Methods › EEG analyses › Multivariate pattern analyses (MVPA) ↔ ANALYSES_SCRIPTS/EEG/MVPA/get_6_cr_topography_decoding_animatevsinanimate_adapted.m, lines 128–228 · score 0.51 · adjacent neighbors, topography, decoding, electrode, MVPA, EEG
- [14] § Materials and Methods › EEG analyses › Multivariate pattern analyses (MVPA) ↔ ANALYSES_SCRIPTS/EEG/MVPA/get_6_cr_topography_decoding_animatevsinanimate_adapted.m, lines 128–228 · score 0.51 · class, Mahalanobis, distance, decoding, electrodes, channels
- [15] § Results › Exogenous retro-cues selectively revive neural traces of spatially matching WM content ↔ ANALYSES_SCRIPTS/EEG/MVPA/get_6_cr_decoding_animatevsinanimate_adapted.m, lines 1–8 · score 0.50 · Mahalanobis distance, posterior electrodes, decoded, MVPA, inanimate, EEG
Paper
Loaded from Europe PMC by your browser, not stored by OSCR: doi.org · Europe PMC
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The authors' code
Python · 135 lines · 4.5 KB · no license · 2 matches
hddm_model_creation.py, no license · at the source
Overview
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Brain, Mind, and Behavior Research Center (CIMCYC), University of Granada, Granada 18071, Spain
- Department of Experimental and Applied Psychology, Institute for Brain and Behavior Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1081 BT, The Netherlands
Abstract
Selective attention is often divided into voluntary (goal-directed) and involuntary (stimulus-driven) forms, a distinction extensively studied for attention to external sensory input. In contrast, internal selective attention—directed toward representations held in working memory (WM)—has been considered primarily for voluntary influences. Recent behavioral evidence suggests that task-irrelevant external stimuli can also influence internal selection of feature-matching WM representations involuntarily, yet the neural mechanisms underlying these effects remain unclear. Here, we tested whether an uninformative exogenous spatial retro-cue presented during a WM delay can act as a selective “ping” and reactivate spatially matching WM content at the level of its representational category. Male and female human participants memorized complex contents presented at distinct locations, followed by unpredictive and task-irrelevant spatial retro-cues that conveyed no category information. Using temporally resolved multivariate electroencephalography decoding, we observed category-specific reactivation of spatially matching WM representations following these cues, providing direct neural evidence for stimulus-driven, involuntary attentional selection within WM, ahead of the memory test. Moreover, neural responses to the subsequent memory–probe were also modulated by cue congruency, consistent with the notion that exogenous influences begin early during sensory processing while also shaping later decision-related processes. Finally, drift diffusion model analyses revealed that this involuntary cueing effect was primarily driven by increased evidence accumulation. Together, these findings illuminate the mechanisms by which external events can automatically and involuntarily penetrate the internal cognitive workspace.
Reproduced under the paper's license (CC BY), from the paper cited above.
Repository
Its files are read in the Code ↔ Paper reader above, with 15 matches between paragraphs and lines of code.
OSF e3gxj
Availability: 1 check, the latest on 29 September 2026: the link answers (HTTP 200)
- 29 September 2026: the link answers (HTTP 200)
21 files, to read at the source
This repository has no license: its authors keep all rights. Read it at the source.
- ANALYSES_SCRIPTS/
BEHAVIORAL/ — R, 896 lines, not shown hereGLMMs/ Experiment_ExoEEG_behav_ neutlat.R - ANALYSES_SCRIPTS/
BEHAVIORAL/ — Python, 135 lines, 2 matches, not shown hereHDDM/ hddm_model_creation.py - ANALYSES_SCRIPTS/
EEG/ — MATLAB, 158 lines, 1 match, not shown hereERPs/ GA_prs_eeg_ERP_adapted.m - ANALYSES_SCRIPTS/
EEG/ — MATLAB, 206 lines, 1 match, not shown hereERPs/ get_prs_eeg_ERP_adapted. m - ANALYSES_SCRIPTS/
EEG/ — MATLAB, 125 lines, 1 match, not shown hereMVPA/ GA_6_cr_decoding_animate vsinanimate_adapted.m - ANALYSES_SCRIPTS/
EEG/ — MATLAB, 108 lines, 2 matches, not shown hereMVPA/ GA_6_cr_topography_decod ing_animatevsinanimate_a dapted.m - ANALYSES_SCRIPTS/
EEG/ — MATLAB, 167 lines, 2 matches, not shown hereMVPA/ get_6_cr_decoding_animat evsinanimate_adapted.m - ANALYSES_SCRIPTS/
EEG/ — MATLAB, 249 lines, 2 matches, not shown hereMVPA/ get_6_cr_topography_deco ding_animatevsinanimate_ adapted.m - ANALYSES_SCRIPTS/
EEG/ — MATLAB, 424 lines, not shown herepreprocessing/ get_1_1_prd_eeg_cutOutAn dPreprocess_adapted_prob e.m - ANALYSES_SCRIPTS/
EEG/ — MATLAB, 456 lines, not shown herepreprocessing/ get_1_prd_eeg_cutOutAndP reprocess_adapted.m - ANALYSES_SCRIPTS/
EEG/ — MATLAB, 115 lines, 1 match, not shown herepreprocessing/ get_2_prs_eeg_ica_adapte d.m - ANALYSES_SCRIPTS/
EEG/ — MATLAB, 100 lines, 1 match, not shown herepreprocessing/ get_3_1_prs_eeg_usableTr ialsEEG_adapted_probe.m - ANALYSES_SCRIPTS/
EEG/ — MATLAB, 101 lines, not shown herepreprocessing/ get_3_prs_eeg_usableTria lsEEG_adapted.m - TASK/
myFun.py — Python, 109 lines, not shown here - TASK/
myMutualInformationFunCa — Python, 120 lines, not shown hererlos.py - TASK/
prac_maintask.py — Python, 369 lines, not shown here - TASK/
randomizeDesign_cueds.py — Python, 491 lines, not shown here - TASK/
randomizeDesign_neutrals — Python, 370 lines, not shown here.py - TASK/
run_maintask_eeg.py — Python, 461 lines, 1 match, not shown here - TASK/
run_maintask_eeg_neut.py — Python, 424 lines, 1 match, not shown here - TASK/
startExperiment_eeg.py — Python, 119 lines, not shown here
The paper's code and data availability statement is in the Data section.
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Data
Datasets cited
- openneuro:ds007180 — at OpenNeuro; found in the text, “Apparatus, stimuli, and procedure”
Data and code availability
Raw data, task design scripts, and analysis’ scripts for this experiment can be found at https://
Reproduced under the paper's license (CC BY), from the paper cited above.
Versions
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Version 1, 29 September 2026: the first record
Recorded: type, language, journal, volume, issue, pages, dates, 4 authors, 4 keywords, 13 MeSH terms, 6 funders, 87 references.
Cite
This paper
Fuentes-Guerra, Á., Martín-Arévalo, E., van Ede, F., & González-García, C. (2026). Exogenously Driven Neural Reactivation of Spatially Matching Visual Working-Memory Contents. eNeuro, 13(4), ENEURO.0076-26.2026. https://
BibTeX
@article{fuentesguerra20
author = {Fuentes-Guerra, Águeda and Martín-Arévalo, Elisa and van Ede, Freek and González-García, Carlos},
title = {{Exogenously Driven Neural Reactivation of Spatially Matching Visual Working-Memory Contents}},
journal = {eNeuro},
year = {2026},
month = apr,
volume = {13},
number = {4},
pages = {ENEURO.0076--26.2026},
publisher = {Society for Neuroscience},
issn = {2373-2822},
doi = {10.1523/
url = {https://
pmid = {41887794},
pmcid = {PMC13075773}
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
AU - Fuentes-Guerra, Águeda
AU - Martín-Arévalo, Elisa
AU - van Ede, Freek
AU - González-García, Carlos
TI - Exogenously Driven Neural Reactivation of Spatially Matching Visual Working-Memory Contents
T2 - eNeuro
J2 - eNeuro
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/
VL - 13
IS - 4
SP - ENEURO.0076
EP - 26.2026
SN - 2373-2822
PB - Society for Neuroscience
DO - 10.1523/
UR - https://
LA - en
ER -
CSL-JSON
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