An Exploratory Age-Adjusted Model of Individual Alpha Peak Frequency in Healthy Older Adults: A FOOOF-Based Spectral Parametrization Study.

Overview

1. Faculty of Psychology, Pontifical University of Salamanca, 37002 Salamanca, Spain
2. Neuropsychophysiology Laboratory, NEPSA Rehabilitación Neurológica, 37003 Salamanca, Spain
3. Computational and Translational Neuroscience Laboratory, 37003 Salamanca, Spain

Abstract

Individual alpha peak frequency (iAPF) is a stable neurophysiological marker associated with cognitive processing and healthy brain aging. However, the interpretation of alpha activity in older adults remains limited by the use of fixed canonical frequency bands, which may not adequately capture age-related slowing. The aim of this study was to develop an exploratory age-adjusted model of iAPF in cognitively healthy older adults using FOOOF-based spectral parameterization of resting-state EEG. Eighty-one participants aged 52–87 years were selected from the PDWAVES database. Resting-state, eyes-closed EEG recordings were analyzed over nine parieto-occipital electrodes, and iAPF was defined as the center frequency of the highest alpha peak within the 7–14 Hz range after separating periodic and aperiodic spectral components. Linear regression showed a significant negative association between age and iAPF, described by the equation iAPF = 13.22 − 0.054 × age (F(1,79) = 19.56, p < 0.001), indicating an average decrease of 0.54 Hz per decade. Age explained 19.8% of the variance (R2 = 0.198), with a mean iAPF of 9.527 ± 1.064 Hz. Bootstrap resampling confirmed that the age–iAPF association was statistically reliable (95% CI for the slope excluding zero), although cross-validation indicated limited predictive performance on held-out data (10-fold mean R2 = 0.019; LOOCV R2 = 0.155). These findings provide a preliminary age-adjusted reference equation for describing iAPF trajectories in healthy older adults at the group level and support the use of spectral parameterization as a more specific alternative to fixed-band approaches in aging research.

Reproduced under the paper's license (CC BY), from the paper cited above.

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Data

Datasets cited

• doi:10.25493/8mvp-npn, at the source; found in “Data Availability Statement”
• doi:10.25493/fwhq-6w5, at the source; found in the text, “2.1. Subjects”

Data Availability Statement

The data analyzed in this study were obtained through the eBRAIN-Health platform within the eBRAIN-Health project (HORIZON-INFRA-2021-TECH-01-01; Grant Agreement No. 101058516), using the PDWAVES database metafile (DOI: 10.25493/8MVP-NPN; DOI: 10.25493/FWHQ-6W5). The authors do not own these data and therefore cannot redistribute them. Requests for access to the underlying dataset should be directed to the originating program and the corresponding data custodians through the eBRAIN-Health platform.

Reproduced under the paper's license (CC BY), from the paper cited above.

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Version 1, 27 September 2026: the first record

Recorded: type, language, journal, volume, issue, pages, dates, 4 authors, 5 keywords, 1 funder, 40 references.

Cite

This paper

Pérez-Elvira, R., Cordeiro, D., Juan, M. A., & Sánchez Cabaco, A. (2026). An Exploratory Age-Adjusted Model of Individual Alpha Peak Frequency in Healthy Older Adults: A FOOOF-Based Spectral Parametrization Study. European journal of investigation in health, psychology and education, 16(8), 110. https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe16080110

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