Cerebral Cortical Structural Variation and General Cognitive Ability: Evidence From Mendelian Randomization.
The 1 match
- [1] § Materials and Methods › Mendelian Randomization ↔ R/gsmr.R, lines 392–489 · score 0.59 · Mendelian Randomization, genome wide association, Linkage, GWAS, GSMR, instrumental
Paper
Loaded from Europe PMC by your browser, not stored by OSCR: doi.org · Europe PMC
The paper is loaded when this pane is shown.
The authors' code
R · 542 lines · 26 KB · no license · 1 match
gsmr.R at commit 53f5034, no license · at the source
Overview
- Department of Radiology University of California, San Diego San Diego California USA
- Department of Bioengineering University of California, San Diego San Diego California USA
- Division of Biostatistics University of Minnesota School of Public Health Minneapolis Minnesota USA
- Department of Psychiatry Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA
- College of Science Northeastern University Boston Massachusetts USA
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
Abstract
Understanding the cortical architecture underlying individual differences in general cognitive ability (GCA) remains a central question in cognitive neuroscience. Prior work has established associations between global brain size and GCA, yet the regional effects and directionality of these relationships remain debated. Using a genetically informed cortical parcellation in 11,289 UK Biobank participants, we examined associations between cortical surface area (SA), cortical thickness (CT), and GCA measured via verbal–numerical reasoning. Total SA showed a robust positive association with GCA. At the regional level, dorsolateral prefrontal and superior temporal SA exhibited the strongest positive associations, which persisted after adjustment for global SA. In contrast, CT showed comparatively modest associations. Using Mendelian randomization (MR) with genome‐wide significant genetic instruments, we observed evidence consistent with a bidirectional relationship between total SA and GCA. At the regional level, dorsolateral prefrontal and temporal SA demonstrated evidence of MR‐inferred directional effects on GCA, while GCA showed evidence of MR‐inferred directional effects on total SA and perisylvian thickness. These findings support a polyregional SA architecture underlying GCA, with prominent contributions from prefrontal and temporal association cortices. Our results refine global brain–GCA models and highlight the value of genetically informed parcellation for identifying regional cortical contributions.
Reproduced under the paper's license (CC BY-NC), from the paper cited above.
Repository
Its files are read in the Code ↔ Paper reader above, with 1 match between paragraphs and lines of code.
jianyang-lab/gsmr
53f5034f4ebde2d149930a924449b57f6a36cb85, 13 September 2023Availability: 1 check, the latest on 26 September 2026: the link answers
- 26 September 2026: the link answers
6 files, not copied: shown from their source
OSCR keeps no copy of these files: this repository has no license that allows it. The reader above shows each one from its source, fetched by your browser at commit 53f5034, when its fingerprint is the one OSCR verified. How this works.
- R/
GSMR-package.r — R, 11 lines, shown from its source - R/
gsmr.R — R, 542 lines, 1 match, shown from its source - inst/
doc/ — R, 125 lines, shown from its sourceGSMR-intro.R - inst/
doc/ — R, 223 lines, shown from its sourceGSMR-intro.Rmd - vignettes/
GSMR-intro.Rmd — R, 223 lines, shown from its source - README.md — Text, 47 lines, shown from its source
The paper's code and data availability statement is in the Data section.
Tracing map
Proposed by the machine: these links were found in the paper and verified at the source, without human review. The map will receive a Zenodo DOI once one of the paper's authors has validated it with their ORCID.
What the map holds:
- 1 repository of the authors' code, each at its verified commit, with its license and how the link was found in the paper;
- 5 scripts, each with its path and the digest of its content;
- 1 match between paragraphs of the paper and lines of the code (method lexical-v1);
- neither the text of the paper nor the code itself.
Its JSON (tracing-map.json) is deposited on Zenodo with its DOI once the map is validated.
Data
No dataset and no data link were found in the paper.
Data Availability Statement
This study utilizes individual‐level genetic and imaging data from the UK Biobank (https://
Reproduced under the paper's license (CC BY-NC), from the paper cited above.
Versions
The history of this record: each version stored by the harvester or made by a correction of its authors or of the maintainers of its code, and what changed in its facts. The texts of the paper (its abstract, its availability statements) are not part of it; versions that changed only those are not listed.
Version 1, 27 September 2026: the first record
Recorded: type, language, journal, volume, issue, pages, dates, 5 authors, 5 keywords, 14 MeSH terms, 2 funders, 55 references.
Cite
This paper
Chou, C., Fiecas, M., del Re, E. C., Vuoksimaa, E., & Chen, C. (2026). Cerebral Cortical Structural Variation and General Cognitive Ability: Evidence From Mendelian Randomization. Human brain mapping, 47(13), e70635. https://
BibTeX
@article{chou2026cerebra
author = {Chou, Chun‐Ju and Fiecas, Mark and del Re, Elisabetta C. and Vuoksimaa, Eero and Chen, Chi‐Hua},
title = {{Cerebral Cortical Structural Variation and General Cognitive Ability: Evidence From Mendelian Randomization}},
journal = {Human brain mapping},
year = {2026},
month = sep,
volume = {47},
number = {13},
pages = {e70635},
publisher = {Wiley},
issn = {1065-9471},
doi = {10.1002/
url = {https://
pmid = {42669588},
pmcid = {PMC13526639}
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
AU - Chou, Chun‐Ju
AU - Fiecas, Mark
AU - del Re, Elisabetta C.
AU - Vuoksimaa, Eero
AU - Chen, Chi‐Hua
TI - Cerebral Cortical Structural Variation and General Cognitive Ability: Evidence From Mendelian Randomization
T2 - Human brain mapping
J2 - Hum Brain Mapp
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/
VL - 47
IS - 13
SP - e70635
SN - 1065-9471
PB - Wiley
DO - 10.1002/
UR - https://
LA - en
ER -
CSL-JSON
{
"id": "10.1002/
"type": "article-journal",
"title": "Cerebral Cortical Structural Variation and General Cognitive Ability: Evidence From Mendelian Randomization",
"container-title": "Human brain mapping",
"author": [
{
"family": "Chou",
"given": "Chun‐Ju"
},
{
"family": "Fiecas",
"given": "Mark"
},
{
"family": "del Re",
"given": "Elisabetta C."
},
{
"family": "Vuoksimaa",
"given": "Eero"
},
{
"family": "Chen",
"given": "Chi‐Hua"
}
],
"container-title-short":
"volume": "47",
"issue": "13",
"page": "e70635",
"DOI": "10.1002/
"PMID": "42669588",
"PMCID": "PMC13526639",
"ISSN": "1065-9471",
"publisher": "Wiley",
"URL": "https://
"language": "en",
"issued": {
"date-parts": [
[
2026,
9,
1
]
]
}
}
The tracing map gets a citation of its own once an author has validated it and it has a DOI.
Similar papers
The papers with a page that share the most with this one: the tools found in their code, their categories, datasets, cited references and authors, the rarest counting most.
- [1] doi:10.1038/s42003-026-10131-0 [code]
- Shared genetic architecture between the topology of brain white matter structural connectome and fluid intelligence.Journal: Communications biologyIn common: structural MRI / diffusion, genetics / omics, 8 references
- [2] doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1014422 [code]
- Deciphering cell type-specific causal genetic effects on brain imaging-derived phenotypes and disorders with single-cell Mendelian randomization.Journal: PLoS computational biologyIn common: genetics / omics, 7 references
- [3] doi:10.1038/s41467-026-74274-8 [code]
- Regional sex differences in human cortical anatomy vary in their morphometric bases and overlap with sex chromosomal and gonadal influences.Journal: Nature communicationsIn common: structural MRI / diffusion, 7 references
- [4] doi:10.1038/s41467-026-73714-9 [code]
- The genetic architecture of cortical similarity networks.Journal: Nature communicationsIn common: structural MRI / diffusion, genetics / omics, 5 references
- [5] doi:10.1038/s42003-026-09956-6 [code]
- Linking changes in sulcal morphometry to cognitive development from childhood to adolescence.Journal: Communications biologyIn common: structural MRI / diffusion, 5 references
- [6] doi:10.3390/life16081356
- Regional Brain Volume Variation Across Adulthood: A Cross-Sectional MRI Analysis of Age, Sex, and Hemispheric Asymmetry.Journal: Life (Basel, Switzerland)In common: structural MRI / diffusion, 4 references
- [7] doi:10.1038/s43856-026-01510-z [code]
- Mapping genetic convergence across brain structure, mental health, and cardiometabolic disease.Journal: Communications medicineIn common: genetics / omics, 4 references
- [8] doi:10.1038/s41467-026-71738-9 [code]
- Genetic landscape of adult executive function reveals a cell-type-specific developmental origin.Journal: Nature communicationsIn common: cognitive, genetics / omics, 4 references
- [9] doi:10.1162/imag.a.1235 [code]
- Intracranial volume: To adjust or not to adjust? It is not a matter of if, but how.Journal: Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)In common: structural MRI / diffusion, 4 references
- [10] doi:10.1038/s41380-026-03641-0
- Cerebral cortical alterations in adolescent early-onset psychosis: a surface-based morphometry mega-analysis.Journal: Molecular psychiatryIn common: structural MRI / diffusion, 4 references
Contribute
The authors of this paper can claim it, correct its record and validate its tracing map, and the maintainers of its code (its owner, or a public member of its organization) correct what it says of their repository; anyone signed in can ask for its removal. Every request goes to OSCR's own machine, which answers it; your account page follows them.
Sign in with ORCID to claim this paper as one of its authors, correct its record or validate its tracing map: when the paper's metadata lists your ORCID iD, you are recognized at once. Maintainers of its code: sign in with GitHub, then claim the repository on your account page.
Claim this paper
Correct its record
Say what each link of this record is, remove the ones that are not the paper's, add the ones that are missing. The correction becomes a new version of the record, in its Versions section.
Validate its tracing map
You validate the map as this page shows it: 1 repository of the authors' code, each at its verified commit and with its license, 5 scripts, and 1 match between paragraphs and code (see the Code and Map sections). It then receives a DOI on Zenodo, with you (your ORCID iD) and OSCR as its creators; the code itself is not deposited.
The map's fingerprint: sha256:c90f23ffdf2f0a89…
Add the badge to its README
The badge links the code to this page. Copy one of these into the README of the paper's code: only you decide where it goes, and nothing is changed for you.
Markdown
[, paste the snippet at the top, then “Commit changes…” and, to review it first, “Create a new branch and start a pull request”. You open the pull request; OSCR asks for no permission.
Request its removal
To ask OSCR to remove this record, the copies of its authors' scripts or its tracing map, use the removal request page: signed in, you say who you are, what to remove and why, then review and confirm the request. Published rules decide every request (how).
Discussion, reproductions, activity
Discussion: questions and error reports about this paper and its code, from signed-in readers and its authors. It opens with sign-in.
Reproductions: reports from readers who ran the authors' code: what they reproduced, with which environment, commit and data. It opens with sign-in.
Activity: what happens around this paper: new versions of its record, its map's validation, discussions and reproductions. It opens with sign-in.