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Age, emotional burden and deep brain stimulation electrode location shape Parkinson's disease quality of life.

Overview

Authors: Shiva Khoshnoud1, Farzin Negahbani1, Idil Cebi1,2, Daniel Weiss2, Alireza Gharabaghi1,3,4,5,6,7
ORCID iDs: Farzin Negahbani
  1. Institute for Neuromodulation and Neurotechnology, University Hospital Tübingen, Faculty of Medicine, University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
  2. Center for Neurology, Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases, and Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
  3. Center for Digital Health (CDH), Tübingen, Germany
  4. Cognitive Science Center (CSC), Tübingen, Germany
  5. Center for Bionic Intelligence Tübingen Stuttgart (BITS), Tübingen, Germany
  6. German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Tübingen, Germany
  7. Max Planck-University of Toronto Centre for Neural Science & Technology (MPUTC), Toronto, ON Canada
Institutions: Universitätsklinikum Tübingen (Germany); University of Tübingen (Germany); Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research (Germany); University of Toronto (Canada); Deutsches Zentrum für Psychische Gesundheit (Germany)
Journal: NPJ digital medicine, volume 9, issue 1, article 434
Dates: received 10 November 2025; accepted 21 May 2026; published online 5 June 2026
Type: Research article · Language: English
License: CC BY
Identifiers: DOI 10.1038/s41746-026-02828-7 · PMID 42249056 · PMCID PMC13241528 · OpenAlex W7163678117
Open access: gold, a free copy (OpenAlex)
Status: code on request
Categories: Parkinson's (population)
Methods: Connectivity, Statistics, Machine learning
Keywords: Medical research, Neurology, Neuroscience
Topic: Neurological disorders and treatments (Neurology, Medicine), according to OpenAlex
Funding: European Union's Joint Program for Neurodegenerative Disease Research (EU-JPND 2022-130) (Recast (01ED2309))
Citations: not cited yet (Europe PMC); 75 references in the paper

Abstract

Postoperative quality-of-life (QoL) outcomes after subthalamic deep brain stimulation in Parkinson’s disease vary widely. Previous studies based on PDQ-39 summary scores have reported opposing relationships between baseline and postoperative QoL, reflecting analytic variability, measurement noise, and limited feature scope. To address these inconsistencies, we analyzed 130 patients using an explainable random-forest classifier with SHAP analysis trained to predict QoL changes exceeding minimal clinically important difference thresholds. Baseline variables included PDQ-39 subscores, along with demographic, motor, cognitive, and affective measures, and electrode coordinates derived from imaging. Predictors of QoL improvement included younger age, greater preoperative disease-related emotional burden, and electrode placement at the motor-associative transition in the right subthalamic nucleus. The model achieved an area under the curve of 0.70 on the held-out test set, with balanced sensitivity and specificity. Identifying interpretable cut-offs for age, emotional burden and electrode location supports individualized counseling and treatment planning, advancing outcome prediction in neuromodulation.

Reproduced under the paper's license (CC BY), from the paper cited above.

Code

The paper says that its authors' code is available on request: it was not published with the paper, so there is nothing to verify.

Code availability

Code is available upon request from the first author.

Reproduced under the paper's license (CC BY), from the paper cited above.

Tracing map

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Data

No dataset and no data link were found in the paper.

Data availability

Data are available upon request from the first author.

Reproduced under the paper's license (CC BY), from the paper cited above.

Versions

The history of this record: each version stored by the harvester or made by a correction of its authors or of the maintainers of its code, and what changed in its facts. The texts of the paper (its abstract, its availability statements) are not part of it; versions that changed only those are not listed.

Version 1, 27 September 2026: the first record

Recorded: type, language, journal, volume, issue, pages, dates, 5 authors, 3 keywords, 1 funder, 64 references.

Cite

This paper

Khoshnoud, S., Negahbani, F., Cebi, I., Weiss, D., & Gharabaghi, A. (2026). Age, emotional burden and deep brain stimulation electrode location shape Parkinson's disease quality of life. NPJ digital medicine, 9(1), 434. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-026-02828-7

BibTeX

@article{khoshnoud2026age,
author = {Khoshnoud, Shiva and Negahbani, Farzin and Cebi, Idil and Weiss, Daniel and Gharabaghi, Alireza},
title = {{Age, emotional burden and deep brain stimulation electrode location shape Parkinson's disease quality of life}},
journal = {NPJ digital medicine},
year = {2026},
month = jun,
volume = {9},
number = {1},
pages = {434},
publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
issn = {2398-6352},
doi = {10.1038/s41746-026-02828-7},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-026-02828-7},
pmid = {42249056},
pmcid = {PMC13241528}
}

RIS

TY - JOUR
AU - Khoshnoud, Shiva
AU - Negahbani, Farzin
AU - Cebi, Idil
AU - Weiss, Daniel
AU - Gharabaghi, Alireza
TI - Age, emotional burden and deep brain stimulation electrode location shape Parkinson's disease quality of life
T2 - NPJ digital medicine
J2 - NPJ Digit Med
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/06/05
VL - 9
IS - 1
SP - 434
SN - 2398-6352
PB - Nature Publishing Group
DO - 10.1038/s41746-026-02828-7
UR - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-026-02828-7
LA - en
ER -

CSL-JSON

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