OSCR

Blocking microglial reactivity via purinergic receptors prevents subacute cognitive deficits after TIA.

Overview

Authors: Gemma Llovera1, Steffanie Heindl1, Daniel P Varga1, Nikolett Lenart2, Sebastian Kallabis3,4, Vanessa Göb5, David Stegner5, Raphael Escaig6, Leo Nicolai6,7, Nicolai Franzmeier1,8,9, Felix Meissner3, Adam Denes2,10, Arthur Liesz1,8
  1. Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
  2. Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, HUN-REN Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
  3. Department of Systems Immunology and Proteomics, Institute of Innate Immunity, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
  4. Core Facility Translational Proteomics, Institute of innate Immunity, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
  5. Julius-Maximilians University of Würzburg, Rudolf Virchow Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging and University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
  6. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, LMU University Hospital, Munich, Germany
  7. DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
  8. Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
  9. University of Gothenburg, The Sahlgrenska Academy, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Mölndal and Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
  10. Mercator Fellow, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
Journal: EMBO molecular medicine, volume 18, issue 4, pages 1150-1173
Dates: received 22 July 2025; accepted 13 February 2026; published online 20 March 2026; in print April 2026
Type: Research article · Language: English
License: CC BY
Identifiers: DOI 10.1038/s44321-026-00397-6 · PMID 41862768 · PMCID PMC13083932 · OpenAlex W7139935040
Open access: gold, a free copy (OpenAlex)
Categories: mouse (organism), cellular / molecular (subfield)
Methods: Statistics, Smoothing, state filtering, decompositions, Machine learning, Preprocessing, Evoked potentials, Connectivity, fMRI & imaging, Single-unit activity, calcium imaging
Keywords: ATP, Microglia, TIA, Purinergic Receptor, Synapse, Neuroscience
MeSH: Cognition Disorders*, Ischemic Attack, Transient*, Microglia*, Receptors, Purinergic*, Receptors, Purinergic P2Y12*, Adenosine Triphosphate, Animals, Disease Models, Animal, Male, Mice (* major topic)
Topic: Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms (Neurology, Neuroscience), according to OpenAlex
Funding: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) (EXC 2145 SyNergy - ID 390857198, LI-2534/7-1, LL-112/1-1, LI-2534/6-1)
Citations: cited by 1 paper (Europe PMC); 58 references in the paper

Abstract

Our research presents a new animal model of transient ischemic attack (TIA) that mimics brief episodes without cell loss, but results in neuronal and behavioral deficits. We identified excessive microglial reactivity, driven by acute ATP release, as a key factor in post-TIA neurological deficits, which were ameliorated by inhibiting the P2Y12 receptor, a microglia-specific purinergic receptor in the brain parenchyma responsible for activity-dependent microglial cell-cell interactions. This finding suggests that modulation of microglial reactivity offers a promising strategy to prevent cognitive impairment in TIA patients, opening avenues for future research in this underexplored area.

Reproduced under the paper's license (CC BY), from the paper cited above.

Code

The paper links to its data and to no code of its authors: see the Data section.

The paper's code and data availability statement is in the Data section.

Tracing map

A tracing map links a paper to the code its authors published: this paper has none, so it has no map.

Data

Datasets cited

Other data links

Data availability

The datasets and computer code produced in this study are available in the following databases: scRNAseq data: Gene Expression Omnibus GSE272954 (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE272954). Nanostring data: Gene Expression Omnibus GSE312513 (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE312513). Proteomics data: ProteomeXchange PXD070754 (http://proteomecentral.proteomexchange.org/cgi/GetDataset?ID=PXD070754). Immunofluorescent images: Bioimage archive S-BIAD2496 (http://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/bioimages/studies/S-BIAD2496?key=b33c1f70-967a-4fb9-9839-a2f4cebdf2a1) (Fig. 1E), S-BIAD2497 (http://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/bioimages/studies/S-BIAD2497?key=4ef2cfe1-bd7e-45f4-ac34-1185e01c99cd) (Fig. 1F), S-BIAD2498 (http://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/bioimages/studies/S-BIAD2498?key=eb8ce1b8-4370-4407-8d87-fce170ffd7cd) (Fig. 2H), S-BIAD2499 (http://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/bioimages/studies/S-BIAD2499?key=141bc7a6-80d4-49d2-8d79-c3413e778f32) (Fig. 2I), S-BIAD2500 (http://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/bioimages/studies/S-BIAD2500?key=f8c0fcd4-e6ae-441b-8688-1daaed98e81b) (Fig. 3D), S-BIAD2501 (http://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/bioimages/studies/S-BIAD2501?key=1e1d9d85-08bd-41d1-8e6e-fd347c860e37) (Fig. 3E), S-BIAD2502 (http://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/bioimages/studies/S-BIAD2502?key=badc5d29-2e0a-4a14-a411-8921115decf0) (Fig. 3F), S-BIAD2503 (http://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/bioimages/studies/S-BIAD2503?key=162320a5-3df9-4644-b52e-9fa3ca52ebec) (Fig. 3G), S-BIAD2504 (http://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/bioimages/studies/S-BIAD2504?key=6ab859f4-0c7c-46b6-8f40-1c1c5bee75f5) (Fig. 3H).

The source data of this paper are collected in the following database record: biostudies:S-SCDT-10_1038-S44321-026-00397-6 (https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/sourcedata/studies/S-SCDT-10_1038-S44321-026-00397-6).

Reproduced under the paper's license (CC BY), from the paper cited above.

Versions

The history of this record: each version stored by the harvester or made by a correction of its authors or of the maintainers of its code, and what changed in its facts. The texts of the paper (its abstract, its availability statements) are not part of it; versions that changed only those are not listed.

Version 1, 30 September 2026: the first record

Recorded: type, language, journal, volume, issue, pages, dates, 13 authors, 6 keywords, 10 MeSH terms, 1 funder, 58 references.

Cite

This paper

Llovera, G., Heindl, S., Varga, D. P., Lenart, N., Kallabis, S., Göb, V., Stegner, D., Escaig, R., Nicolai, L., Franzmeier, N., Meissner, F., Denes, A., & Liesz, A. (2026). Blocking microglial reactivity via purinergic receptors prevents subacute cognitive deficits after TIA. EMBO molecular medicine, 18(4), 1150-1173. https://doi.org/10.1038/s44321-026-00397-6

BibTeX

@article{llovera2026blocking,
author = {Llovera, Gemma and Heindl, Steffanie and Varga, Daniel P and Lenart, Nikolett and Kallabis, Sebastian and Göb, Vanessa and Stegner, David and Escaig, Raphael and Nicolai, Leo and Franzmeier, Nicolai and Meissner, Felix and Denes, Adam and Liesz, Arthur},
title = {{Blocking microglial reactivity via purinergic receptors prevents subacute cognitive deficits after TIA}},
journal = {EMBO molecular medicine},
year = {2026},
month = mar,
volume = {18},
number = {4},
pages = {1150--1173},
publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
issn = {1757-4676},
doi = {10.1038/s44321-026-00397-6},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s44321-026-00397-6},
pmid = {41862768},
pmcid = {PMC13083932}
}

RIS

TY - JOUR
AU - Llovera, Gemma
AU - Heindl, Steffanie
AU - Varga, Daniel P
AU - Lenart, Nikolett
AU - Kallabis, Sebastian
AU - Göb, Vanessa
AU - Stegner, David
AU - Escaig, Raphael
AU - Nicolai, Leo
AU - Franzmeier, Nicolai
AU - Meissner, Felix
AU - Denes, Adam
AU - Liesz, Arthur
TI - Blocking microglial reactivity via purinergic receptors prevents subacute cognitive deficits after TIA
T2 - EMBO molecular medicine
J2 - EMBO Mol Med
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/03/20
VL - 18
IS - 4
SP - 1150
EP - 1173
SN - 1757-4676
PB - Nature Publishing Group
DO - 10.1038/s44321-026-00397-6
UR - https://doi.org/10.1038/s44321-026-00397-6
LA - en
ER -

CSL-JSON

{
"id": "10.1038/s44321-026-00397-6",
"type": "article-journal",
"title": "Blocking microglial reactivity via purinergic receptors prevents subacute cognitive deficits after TIA",
"container-title": "EMBO molecular medicine",
"author": [
{
"family": "Llovera",
"given": "Gemma"
},
{
"family": "Heindl",
"given": "Steffanie"
},
{
"family": "Varga",
"given": "Daniel P"
},
{
"family": "Lenart",
"given": "Nikolett"
},
{
"family": "Kallabis",
"given": "Sebastian"
},
{
"family": "Göb",
"given": "Vanessa"
},
{
"family": "Stegner",
"given": "David"
},
{
"family": "Escaig",
"given": "Raphael"
},
{
"family": "Nicolai",
"given": "Leo"
},
{
"family": "Franzmeier",
"given": "Nicolai"
},
{
"family": "Meissner",
"given": "Felix"
},
{
"family": "Denes",
"given": "Adam"
},
{
"family": "Liesz",
"given": "Arthur"
}
],
"container-title-short": "EMBO Mol Med",
"volume": "18",
"issue": "4",
"page": "1150-1173",
"DOI": "10.1038/s44321-026-00397-6",
"PMID": "41862768",
"PMCID": "PMC13083932",
"ISSN": "1757-4676",
"publisher": "Nature Publishing Group",
"URL": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s44321-026-00397-6",
"language": "en",
"issued": {
"date-parts": [
[
2026,
3,
20
]
]
}
}

Similar papers

The papers with a page that share the most with this one: the tools found in their code, their categories, datasets, cited references and authors, the rarest counting most.

[1] doi:10.1038/s41593-025-01871-z [code]
Microglia dysfunction, neurovascular inflammation and focal neuropathologies are linked to IL-1- and IL-6-related systemic inflammation in COVID-19.
Journal: Nature neuroscience
In common: cellular / molecular, 3 references, 2 authors
[2] doi:10.7554/elife.82031 [code]
T cells modulate the microglial response to brain ischemia.
Journal: eLife
In common: mouse, cellular / molecular, 3 references, 2 authors
[3] doi:10.1038/s41593-025-02136-5 [code]
The stroke risk gene Foxf2 maintains brain endothelial cell function via Tie2 signaling.
Journal: Nature neuroscience
In common: mouse, cellular / molecular, 5 references, author Arthur Liesz
[4] doi:10.1038/s41586-025-09662-z [code]
Lymphoid gene expression supports neuroprotective microglia function.
Journal: Nature
In common: mouse, cellular / molecular, 4 references, author Felix Meissner
[5] doi:10.1038/s41467-024-49773-1 [code]
Microglia contribute to neuronal synchrony despite endogenous ATP-related phenotypic transformation in acute mouse brain slices.
Journal: Nature communications
In common: mouse, cellular / molecular, 6 references
[6] doi:10.1016/j.bbih.2024.100911
Biological sex, microglial signaling pathways, and radiation exposure shape cortical proteomic profiles and behavior in mice.
Journal: Brain, behavior, & immunity - health
In common: mouse, cellular / molecular, 5 references
[7] doi:10.1016/j.cell.2023.07.009 [code]
Distinct molecular profiles of skull bone marrow in health and neurological disorders.
Journal: Cell
In common: mouse, cellular / molecular, 1 reference, author Arthur Liesz
[8] doi:10.1038/s41598-026-55648-w
Aberrant immunomodulatory signature in β-propeller protein-associated neurodegeneration patient iPSC-derived microglia.
Journal: Scientific reports
In common: cellular / molecular, 5 references
[9] doi:10.1038/s41467-025-60363-7
TGFα controls checkpoints in CNS resident and infiltrating immune cells to promote resolution of inflammation.
Journal: Nature communications
In common: mouse, cellular / molecular, 1 reference, author Arthur Liesz
[10] doi:10.1038/s41467-025-61497-4 [code]
Synaptic loss pattern is constrained by brain connectome and modulated by phosphorylated tau in Alzheimer's disease.
Journal: Nature communications
In common: cellular / molecular, 1 reference, author Nicolai Franzmeier

Contribute

The authors of this paper can claim it, correct its record and validate its tracing map, and the maintainers of its code (its owner, or a public member of its organization) correct what it says of their repository; anyone signed in can ask for its removal. Every request goes to OSCR's own machine, which answers it; your account page follows them.

Sign in with ORCID to claim this paper as one of its authors, correct its record or validate its tracing map: when the paper's metadata lists your ORCID iD, you are recognized at once. Maintainers of its code: sign in with GitHub, then claim the repository on your account page.

Request its removal

To ask OSCR to remove this record, the copies of its authors' scripts or its tracing map, use the removal request page: signed in, you say who you are, what to remove and why, then review and confirm the request. Published rules decide every request (how).

Discussion, reproductions, activity

Discussion: code errors and mismatches between the code and the paper about this paper and its code, from readers and its authors, beside the paper and its tracing map.

Reproductions: reports from readers who ran the authors' code and did not get the paper's result, what they ran, with which environment, commit and data.

Activity: what happens around this paper: new versions of its record, its map's validation, discussions and reproductions. It opens with sign-in.