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Function of the auditory cortex characterized by its intrinsic dynamic coactivation patterns estimated in individuals.

Overview

  1. Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital Charlestown, Boston, MA, United States
  2. Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
  3. Harvard-MIT Program in Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
  4. Division of Brain Sciences, Changping Laboratory, Beijing, China
  5. Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center (BIOPIC), Peking University, Beijing, China
Journal: Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.), volume 4, article IMAG.a.1179
Dates: received 6 June 2025; accepted 25 February 2026; published online 24 March 2026
Type: Research article · Language: English
License: CC BY
Identifiers: DOI 10.1162/imag.a.1179 · PMID 41890246 · PMCID PMC13015430 · OpenAlex W7133522953
Open access: diamond, a free copy (OpenAlex)
Status: code on request (how the code is found and verified)
Categories: fMRI (modality), human (organism), systems (subfield)
Methods: Spectral & time-frequency, Connectivity, Statistics, Machine learning, Preprocessing, fMRI & imaging, Physiology & signal measures
Keywords: auditory cortex, 7T fMRI, coactivation patterns, dynamic functional connectivity, individual-level, human
Topic: Neuroscience and Music Perception (Cognitive Neuroscience, Neuroscience), according to OpenAlex
Funding: National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD, NIH) (K99DC022305); National Institute of Health NIH (R011DC016915, R01DC016765, R01DC017915, R01DC017991, S10-OD023637, P41-EB030006, R21DC021766); Changping Laboratory (2021B-01-01); China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2022M720529)
Citations: not cited yet (Europe PMC); 113 references in the paper

Abstract

Determining the functional organization of the auditory cortex (AC) has been difficult with conventional task-based approaches due to the broad responsiveness of auditory subregions to various acoustic properties. Moreover, most studies have investigated functional organization of AC with static methods, although the brain has shown to be organized into dynamic networks. Here, we investigated dynamically varying coactivation patterns of the local networks in the auditory cortex (AC) determined from 7T fMRI data. Dynamic AC patterns successfully captured interindividual variability, as indicated by significantly higher variability between than within individuals for the AC pattern occurrence rates and spatial topographies. The coactivation patterns shared similarities between resting-state and auditory-task data, as indicated by the group-level similarity of 0.84 and individual-level similarity of 0.71 in the spatial topographies. Furthermore, the occurrence rates of AC patterns identified in the task data, using pattern templates derived from resting-state data, correlated with specific task contrast regressors. Our results suggest that the AC function can be characterized by a set of dynamically varying coactivation patterns. These patterns are consistently observed during resting state and auditory stimulation, and they become synchronized with auditory inputs. These findings enhance our understanding of the relationship between spontaneous and stimulus-driven activity in the AC and support the development of more time-efficient paradigms for studying its functional organization.

Reproduced under the paper's license (CC BY), from the paper cited above.

Code

The paper says that its authors' code is available on request: it was not published with the paper, so there is nothing to verify.

The paper's code and data availability statement is in the Data section.

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Data

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Data and Code Availability

The data of the present study are available from the corresponding author upon request.

Reproduced under the paper's license (CC BY), from the paper cited above.

Versions

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Version 1, 30 September 2026: the first record

Recorded: type, language, journal, volume, pages, dates, 9 authors, 6 keywords, 4 funders, 110 references.

Cite

This paper

Hakonen, M., Lankinen, K., Kotlarz, P., Polimeni, J. R., Turpin, T., Ren, J., Wang, D., Liu, H., & Ahveninen, J. (2026). Function of the auditory cortex characterized by its intrinsic dynamic coactivation patterns estimated in individuals. Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.), 4, IMAG.a.1179. https://doi.org/10.1162/imag.a.1179

BibTeX

@article{hakonen2026function,
author = {Hakonen, Maria and Lankinen, Kaisu and Kotlarz, Parker and Polimeni, Jonathan R. and Turpin, Tori and Ren, Jianxun and Wang, Danhong and Liu, Hesheng and Ahveninen, Jyrki},
title = {{Function of the auditory cortex characterized by its intrinsic dynamic coactivation patterns estimated in individuals}},
journal = {Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)},
year = {2026},
month = mar,
volume = {4},
pages = {IMAG.a.1179},
publisher = {MIT Press},
issn = {2837-6056},
doi = {10.1162/imag.a.1179},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1162/imag.a.1179},
pmid = {41890246},
pmcid = {PMC13015430}
}

RIS

TY - JOUR
AU - Hakonen, Maria
AU - Lankinen, Kaisu
AU - Kotlarz, Parker
AU - Polimeni, Jonathan R.
AU - Turpin, Tori
AU - Ren, Jianxun
AU - Wang, Danhong
AU - Liu, Hesheng
AU - Ahveninen, Jyrki
TI - Function of the auditory cortex characterized by its intrinsic dynamic coactivation patterns estimated in individuals
T2 - Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)
J2 - Imaging Neurosci (Camb)
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/03/24
VL - 4
SP - IMAG.a.1179
SN - 2837-6056
PB - MIT Press
DO - 10.1162/imag.a.1179
UR - https://doi.org/10.1162/imag.a.1179
LA - en
ER -

CSL-JSON

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