Dynamic Landscape Analysis of cell fate decisions provides predictive models of neural development from single-cell data.
The 1 match
- [1] § Results › Mapping the complete neural progenitor landscape ↔ FittingGlobalModel/Fitting_RNAseq_SAG500.ipynb, lines 30–51 · score 0.57 · DPTrans, pMNTrans, MNDiff, progenitors, cluster, attractor
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The authors' code
Jupyter notebook · 327 lines · 13 KB · no license · 1 match
- # %% [markdown]
- # # Fitting the landscape model to scRNA-seq
- # *Condition: 500 nM SAG*
- #
- # <br>
- #
- # In this notebook, we simulate and fit the global landscape model in [1] to the scRNA-seq data from days D4 to D7 obtained from mouse embryonic stem cells generated in response to **500nM** SAG treatment.
- # This covers __Section B7__ (Fitting the model to the scRNA-seq data) in Appendix B (Modelling & estimation) [2] of [1].
- #
- # The fitting machinery is in `fitting_core.py`, the landscape model in `landscape_global.py`, and the plotting helpers in `fitting_plots.py`.
- #
- # [1] M. Fontaine, J.M. Delas, M. Saez, R.J. Maizels, E. Finnie, J. Briscoe, D.A. Rand, (2025). *Dynamic Landscape Analysis of Cell Fate Decisions: Predictive Models of Neural Development From Single-Cell Data*. bioR$\chi$iv doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.05.28.656648.
- #
- # [2] M. Fontaine, J.M. Delas, M. Saez, R.J. Maizels, E. Finnie, J. Briscoe, D.A. Rand, (2025). *Appendix B: Modelling & estimation*. figshare doi: https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.31342816.
- #
- # ---
- # <sub>Author: Marine Fontaine (Warwick)</sub>
- # %% [markdown]
- # ### **1.** Load packages
- # %%
- import os
- import sys
- import tempfile
- import pandas as pd
- import numpy as np
- import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
- # %% [markdown]
- # ### **2.** Import experimental proportions
- # %%
- wd = 'Experimental_and_Simulated_Proportions_Mouse/' # relative to this notebook
- adata = pd.read_csv(wd + 'Proportions_RNAseq_Progenitors_SAG500.csv')
- #keep only attractor clusters
- pattern = r'\b(?:PreNTrans|NMPTrans|MN$|^MN$|V3$|V3Trans|pMNTrans|DPTrans)\b'
- adata1 = adata.loc[:, ~adata.columns.str.contains(pattern, regex=True)].copy()
- # Add new columns using .loc
- adata1.loc[:, 'p2'] = adata['p2'] + adata['pMNTrans']
- adata1.loc[:, 'MNDiff'] = adata['MNDiff'] + adata['MN']
- adata1.loc[:, 'p3'] = adata['p3'] + adata['V3Trans'] + adata['V3']
- # Convert DataFrame to numpy array, divide by 100, and round to two decimal places
- processed_data = np.round(adata1.to_numpy() /100, 2)
- # Create dictionary with the processed data for Pyabc
- data = {'X_2': processed_data.flatten()}
- data
- # %%
- adata1
- # %% [markdown]
- # ### **3.** Setting up the model
- # %% [markdown]
- # **Setting up the model.** The fitting machinery lives in `fitting_core`; the *model* is the landscape function you pass to it. The cell below brings the pieces together:
- #
- # - **`compute_landscape`** (from a `landscape_*` module) — the model itself: the drift + noise of the landscape at each point. Pass a different one (or your own `@njit` function) to fit a different model.
- # - **`cellstates`** — the approximated attractor positions (one `[x, y]` per state; approximate because an attractor can move when the parameters change). Cells within `radius` of a cellstate are counted as that state when computing proportions.
- # - **`parSDE`** — the SDE settings (time step, total time, number of cells, measurement times); taken from the landscape's `default_parSDE`.
- # - **`start_centers` / `samples`** — the initial condition: where cells start and how many in each cluster. Edit these to start from a different mixture.
- # - **`make_model(...)`** — builds the PyABC model that simulates the SDE and returns the per-timepoint cluster proportions.
- # - **`get_idx_remove(states_byDay, [...])` + `make_distance(...)`** — build the PyABC distance, dropping the listed timepoints (here D3) before comparing simulation to data.
- # %%
- # --- Choosing the model ---
- from fitting_core import make_model, make_distance, get_idx_remove
- from landscape_global import compute_landscape, default_parSDE
- parSDE = default_parSDE
- # Attractor positions for this scRNA-seq SAG500 fit.
- cellstates = {
- 'PreNeural': [-0.0497558, 4.85763],
- 'p0/p1': [-1.37061, 2.8106],
- 'p2': [-1.9, 1.1],
- 'pMN': [-2.2, 0.15],
- 'MNDiff': [-3.34239, -0.520129],
- 'DP': [-0.8, 0.1],
- 'EarlyVentral':[1.37061, 2.8106],
- 'Earlyp3': [1.71, 0.4],
- 'p3': [0.0416318, -0.380528],
- 'FP': [1.85, -1.38294],
- }
- # Initial condition: single NMP cluster (100%); edit to a mixture if needed.
- start_centers = [(1.40765, 6.86026)] # NMP
- samples = [int(100*parSDE['ncells']/100)] # 100% NMP
- # scRNA-seq drops only D3 (flow cytometry drops D3/D7/FP).
- model = make_model(compute_landscape, cellstates, parSDE,
- samples=samples, start_centers=start_centers, radius=0.4)
- # Timepoints simulated, and which to drop before comparing to data.
- days = ['D3','D4','D5','D6','D7'] # all timepoints the SDE records
- drop = ['D3'] # timepoints/states excluded from the fit (and from the comparison below)
- states_byDay = [f'{s}-{d}' for d in days for s in cellstates]
- distance = make_distance(get_idx_remove(states_byDay, list(cellstates), days, drop))
- # %% [markdown]
- # ### **4.** ABC Fitting
- #
- # To fit the model we use the PyABC package developed for Python in [3,4].
- # The procedure begins by defining priors distributions for the parameters $\mathbf{p}$ comprising the sub-landscapes parameters $\boldsymbol{\theta}_i=(u_i, v_i)$ for $i=1,\dots, 6$, the scaling parameters $vel_A, vel_B, vel_C$ and the noise parameters $\sigma_A, \sigma_B, \sigma_C, \sigma_D$ (see [2] Appendix B Section B3). In our case the priors are taken as uniform distributions supported in the parameter domain $D$ of the stochastic differential equation. Here we use a sampling population of $N=1500$ and a maximal number of 8 generations. See Appendix B Sections B4 (Fitting the model to simulated proportions) and B7 in [2] for details.
- #
- # [3] Y. Schälte, E. Klinger, E. Alamoudi, and J. Hasenauer, (2022). *pyABC: Efficient and robust easy-to-use approximate Bayesian computation*. Journal of Open Source Software, 7(74), 4304, https://doi.org/10.21105/joss.04304.
- #
- # [4] E. Klinger, D. Rickert, and J. Hasenauer, (2018). *pyABC: distributed, likelihood-free inference*. Bioinformatics, 34(20). https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/bty361.
- # %%
- import pyabc
- from pyabc import ABCSMC, RV, Distribution, LocalTransition, MedianEpsilon
- from pyabc.visualization import plot_kde_matrix
- # Create path to store Pyabc history
- path = '.../DynamicalLandscapeAnalysis_v2/FittingGlobalModel'
- db_path = "sqlite:///" + os.path.join(tempfile.gettempdir(), "FittingRNAseqSAG500.db")
- # Population size (number of accepted particles per ABC generation).
- # Defined once here and reused by ABCSMC and process_simulations.
- population_size = 1500
- # Define priors limits
- limits = dict(u1=(-2.5, 0),
- v1=(-2, -0.5),
- u2=(-3,0.5),
- v2=(-2.2, -0.5),
- noiseA=(0.2, 0.8),
- velA=(0.05,1.2),
- u3=(6,23),
- v3=(-4, 10),
- velB=(0.05,1.2),
- noiseB=(0.2, 1.1),
- u4=(-12,0.3),
- v4=(-9, -1),
- u5=(5,8),
- v5=(-2,0.2),
- noiseC=(0.2, 0.8),
- velC=(0.05,1.2),
- u6=(2,8),
- v6=(6,14),
- noiseD=(0.2, 0.8))
- # Choose uniform distributions
- prior = Distribution(**{key: RV("uniform", a, b - a)
- for key, (a,b) in limits.items()})
- # %%
- abc = ABCSMC(
- models=model,
- parameter_priors=prior,
- distance_function=distance,
- population_size=population_size,
- transitions=LocalTransition(k_fraction=0.3),
- eps=pyabc.QuantileEpsilon(alpha=0.2),
- )
- abc.new(db_path, data);
- h = abc.run(minimum_epsilon=0.1, max_nr_populations=8)
- run_id = h.id
- print("Run ID:", run_id)
- # %% [markdown]
- # #### **4.1** Visualise the posterior parameter distributions
- # %%
- df, w = h.get_distribution(m=0)
- plot_kde_matrix(df, w, limits=limits);
- # %% [markdown]
- # #### **4.2** Decrease of the $\varepsilon$-threshold over the 8 generations
- # %%
- # Given epsilon values and x-axis points
- epsilons = h.get_all_populations()["epsilon"].tolist()
- epsilons=epsilons[1:]
- x_axis = list(range(8)) # 8 is the number of generations
- # Create the line plot
- plt.figure(figsize=(8, 5),dpi=50)
- plt.plot(x_axis, epsilons, marker='o', linestyle='-', color='navy', linewidth=2,
- label=f"Minimum Epsilon: {min(epsilons):.2f}")
- plt.xlabel("Generation", fontsize=20)
- plt.ylabel("Epsilon", fontsize=20)
- plt.title("SAG 500nM", fontsize=20)
- plt.legend(loc="upper right", fontsize=20)
- plt.grid(False)
- plt.xticks(fontsize=20)
- plt.yticks(fontsize=20)
- plt.show()
- # %% [markdown]
- # ### **5.** Compare simulated and experimental proportions
- # %%
- # Import the function to process the simulations (merged module)
- from fitting_core import process_simulations, simulation_todf, get_idx_remove
- # Import the function to plot the distributions of simulated data
- from fitting_plots import plot_data, plot_histogram_grid
- # Process simulations (use the same dropped timepoints as the fit: D3 only)
- simulation_accepted, dist, simulation_mean = process_simulations(population_size, h, data, parSDE, list(cellstates), idx_remove=get_idx_remove(states_byDay, list(cellstates), days, drop))
- # %% [markdown]
- # #### **5.1** Barplots
- # %%
- # define colors for plot
- colorpalette={'NMP':'#D2C1E1',
- 'Meso':'#BFBC47',
- 'p3':'#0D6453',
- 'MNDiff':'#9F1812',
- 'pMN':'#DA2222',
- 'DP':'#511A13',
- 'p2':'#F9D575',
- 'p0/p1':'#122859',
- 'PreNeural':'#5D4082',
- 'FP':'#000000',
- 'EarlyVentral':'#288c9c',
- 'Earlyp3':'#CFECE7'}
- # %% [markdown]
- # The simulation records proportions at **all five** timepoints (`days = ['D3','D4','D5','D6','D7']`), but the fit only used a subset of them — the rest are listed in `drop`. To compare like with like, we keep only the rows of the simulated array whose day is **not** in `drop` (`kept`), rather than slicing by position. This uses the *same* `drop` set defined in the model cell, so the comparison automatically follows whatever timepoints the fit excluded.
- # %%
- # Usage
- states = ['PreNeural','p0/p1','p2','pMN','MNDiff','DP','EarlyVentral','Earlyp3','p3','FP'] # attractor clusters (columns)
- # x_labels = the days we actually compare: the simulated `days` minus the dropped ones.
- x_labels = [d for d in days if d not in drop] # timepoints shown
- # Reshape simulated means to (day, state) and keep only the compared days.
- # `kept` are the row indices of the days NOT in `drop` -- the same drop set used in the fit,
- # so we never hard-code which rows to slice.
- column_reshaped = simulation_mean.reshape(len(days), len(states))
- kept = [i for i, d in enumerate(days) if d not in drop]
- simulated_data = pd.DataFrame(column_reshaped[kept], columns=states)
- # Experimental proportions for the same days.
- data500 = pd.DataFrame(adata1.values, columns=states, index=x_labels) # experimental proportions
- # Create figure and axes
- fig, axes = plt.subplots(1, 2, figsize=(18, 10))
- fig.tight_layout(pad=5)
- # barplot of the experimental proportions (average)
- plot_data(
- ax=axes[0],
- data=data500,
- title=r'$\bf{SAG500 RNAseq}$',
- x_labels=x_labels,
- palette=colorpalette,
- background="data")
- # barplot of the simulated proportions (average)
- plot_data(
- ax=axes[1],
- data=simulated_data,
- title=r'$\bf{SAG500 RNAseq}$',
- x_labels=x_labels,
- palette=colorpalette,
- background="simulation")
- plt.show()
- # %% [markdown]
- # #### **5.2** Save results
- # %%
- # save simulations
- Xsim_df=simulation_todf(states, ['D3','D4','D5','D6','D7'], simulation_accepted)
- Xsim_df.to_csv(wd+'RNAseq_SAG500_simulation.csv', index=False)
- # Add distance to experimental data and save parameters
- df['distance']=dist
- df.to_csv(wd+'RNAseq_SAG500_parameters.csv', index=False)
- # Save probability weights for posterior
- #dw=pd.DataFrame(w,columns=['w'])
- #dw.to_csv(wd+'RNAseq_SAG500_weights.csv', index=False)
- # %%
- Xsim_df.head(3)
- # %%
- df.head(3)
- # %%
- # %% [markdown]
- # #### **5.3** Distributions of the simulated proportions
- # %%
- plot_histogram_grid(
- states=states, # attractor clusters
- times=['D4','D5','D6','D7'], # timepoints
- simulation_accepted=Xsim_df, # simulated proportions
- data=data500, # experimental proportions
- colorpalette=colorpalette, # colors
- bins=15) # number of bins
- # %%
- # Tendency plot: experimental vs simulation mean per state, with a 5-95 percentile band.
- # Uses the same kept timepoints (x_labels) and experimental proportions as the barplot above;
- # plot_tendencies selects the matching '<state>-<day>' columns from Xsim_df.
- from fitting_plots import plot_tendencies
- plot_tendencies(
- states, # attractor clusters (one panel each)
- x_labels, # timepoints shown (kept days)
- Xsim_df[[f'{s}-{d}' for d in x_labels for s in states]], # simulated proportions for those days/states
- data500, # experimental proportions (0-100 scale)
- colorpalette) # state -> colour
- # %%
- # %%
Fitting_RNAseq_SAG500.ipynb at commit 6ea1fc4, no license · at the source
Overview
- Mathematics Institute, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
- Zeeman Institute for Systems Biology and Infectious Epidemiology Research, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
- IQS, Universitat Ramon Llull, Barcelona, Spain
Abstract
Building a mechanistic understanding of cell fate decisions remains a fundamental goal of developmental biology, with implications for stem cell therapies, regenerative medicine and understanding disease mechanisms. Single-cell transcriptomics provides a detailed picture of the cellular states observed during these decisions, but building dynamic and predictive models from these data remains a challenge. Here, we present dynamic landscape analysis (DLA), an integrative framework that applies dynamical systems theory to identify stable cell states, map transition pathways, and generate a predictive cell fate decision landscape from single-cell data. Applying this framework to vertebrate neural tube development revealed that progenitor specification by Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) can be captured in a landscape with an unexpected topology in which initially divergent lineages converge to the same fate through multiple distinct routes. The model accurately predicted cellular responses and cell fate allocation for unseen dynamic signalling regimes. Cross-species validation using human embryonic organoid data demonstrated conservation of this decision-making architecture. By modelling the dynamic responses that drive cell fate decisions, the DLA framework provides a quantitative and generative framework for extracting mechanistic insights from high-dimensional single-cell data.
Reproduced under the paper's license (CC BY), from the paper cited above.
Repositories
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Zenodo 15584010
Availability: 1 check, the latest on 27 September 2026: the link answers (HTTP 200)
- 27 September 2026: the link answers (HTTP 200)
MarineAFontaine/Dynamic-Landscape-Analysis-DLA-
6ea1fc4905ebf4f9244ac39adc1823c0b6a550ce, 16 August 2026Availability: 1 check, the latest on 27 September 2026: the link answers
- 27 September 2026: the link answers
7 files
- FittingGlobalModel/
Fitting_Flow_SAG0.ipynb , Jupyter, 325 lines - FittingGlobalModel/
Fitting_Flow_SAG10.ipynb , Jupyter, 325 lines - FittingGlobalModel/
Fitting_Flow_SAG100.ipyn , Jupyter, 322 linesb - FittingGlobalModel/
Fitting_Flow_SAG500.ipyn , Jupyter, 325 linesb - FittingGlobalModel/
Fitting_RNAseq_Human_18h , Jupyter, 316 linesDelay.ipynb - FittingGlobalModel/
Fitting_RNAseq_Human_24h , Jupyter, 316 linesDelay.ipynb - FittingGlobalModel/
Fitting_RNAseq_SAG500.ip , Jupyter, 327 lines, 1 matchynb - repository limit reached (2,000 files or 30 MB): the rest is at the source (24 files)
The paper's code and data availability statement is in the Data section.
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Data
Datasets cited
- figshare:250460, at figshare; found in “Data Availability”
Data Availability
The pre-processed flow cytometry data generated in this study have been deposited at https://
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Recorded: type, language, journal, volume, issue, pages, dates, 7 authors, 11 MeSH terms, 5 funders, 81 references.
Cite
This paper
Fontaine, M., Delás, M. J., Sáez, M., Maizels, R. J., Finnie, E., Briscoe, J., & Rand, D. A. (2026). Dynamic Landscape Analysis of cell fate decisions provides predictive models of neural development from single-cell data. PLoS biology, 24(8), e3003953. https://
BibTeX
@article{fontaine2026dyn
author = {Fontaine, Marine and Delás, M. Joaquina and Sáez, Meritxell and Maizels, Rory J. and Finnie, Elizabeth and Briscoe, James and Rand, David A.},
title = {{Dynamic Landscape Analysis of cell fate decisions provides predictive models of neural development from single-cell data}},
journal = {PLoS biology},
year = {2026},
month = aug,
volume = {24},
number = {8},
pages = {e3003953},
publisher = {PLOS},
issn = {1544-9173},
doi = {10.1371/
url = {https://
pmid = {42647569},
pmcid = {PMC13588503}
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
AU - Fontaine, Marine
AU - Delás, M. Joaquina
AU - Sáez, Meritxell
AU - Maizels, Rory J.
AU - Finnie, Elizabeth
AU - Briscoe, James
AU - Rand, David A.
TI - Dynamic Landscape Analysis of cell fate decisions provides predictive models of neural development from single-cell data
T2 - PLoS biology
J2 - PLoS Biol
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/
VL - 24
IS - 8
SP - e3003953
SN - 1544-9173
PB - PLOS
DO - 10.1371/
UR - https://
LA - en
ER -
CSL-JSON
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