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Comparative study of ocular and generalized myasthenia gravis in a South Korean cohort.

Overview

Authors: Chaerin Kwon1, Jeeyoung Oh1,2,3, Hyun Jin Shin1,3,4
ORCID iDs: Hyun Jin Shin
  1. Graduate School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
  2. Department of Neurology, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
  3. Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
  4. Department of Ophthalmology, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Institutions: Konkuk University (South Korea); Konkuk University Medical Center (South Korea)
Journal: PloS one, volume 21, issue 4, article e0346981
Dates: received 25 August 2025; accepted 26 March 2026; published online 28 April 2026
Type: Research article · Language: English
License: CC BY
Identifiers: DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0346981 · PMID 42048329 · PMCID PMC13123999 · OpenAlex W7158308064
Open access: gold, a free copy (OpenAlex)
Status: data only
Categories: human (organism), other condition (population), clinical / translational (subfield)
Methods: Statistics, Connectivity
MeSH: Myasthenia Gravis*, Adult, Aged, Autoantibodies, Cohort Studies, Diplopia, Female, Humans, Immunosuppressive Agents, Male, Middle Aged, Republic of Korea, Retrospective Studies (* major topic)
Topic: Myasthenia Gravis and Thymoma (Neurology, Medicine), according to OpenAlex
Citations: not cited yet (Europe PMC); 32 references in the paper

Abstract

Purpose: To compare ocular myasthenia gravis (OMG) and generalized myasthenia gravis (GMG) in a South Korean cohort through an integrated analysis of clinical characteristics, diagnostic findings, and treatment patterns.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of 138 patients with myasthenia gravis (98 with OMG and 40 with GMG). Demographic characteristics, ophthalmic symptoms, serologic results, repetitive nerve stimulation test (RNST) findings, thymic pathology, autoimmune comorbidities, and treatment patterns were evaluated.

Results: GMG patients had a younger age at symptom onset and a higher proportion of females compared with OMG patients. Combined horizontal and vertical diplopia was more frequent in OMG. AChR antibody positivity was significantly higher in GMG than in OMG (92.5% vs. 36.3%), as were abnormal RNST findings (90.0% vs. 23.5%). A modest but statistically significant positive correlation was observed between AChR-Ab titer and the highest CMAP decrement in the overall cohort (r = 0.381, p = 0.011); however, this association was not significant when analyzed separately in OMG and GMG patients. Thymic abnormalities, particularly thymoma, were more common in GMG. Nonsteroidal immunosuppressant use—especially tacrolimus and azathioprine—was significantly more frequent in GMG, whereas corticosteroid use did not differ significantly between subtypes. Among OMG patients, systemic immunotherapy was more frequently administered to those presenting with both ptosis and diplopia than to those with isolated ptosis.

Conclusions: In this South Korean cohort, OMG and GMG exhibited distinct demographic, serologic, electrophysiologic, and therapeutic profiles. Recognition of these subtype-specific differences may facilitate accurate diagnosis, individualized treatment selection, and improved clinical management.

Reproduced under the paper's license (CC BY), from the paper cited above.

Code

The paper links to its data, not to its authors' code: see the Data section.

Tracing map

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Data

Datasets cited

Data Availability

The minimal anonymized dataset required to reproduce the findings of our study has been deposited in a public repository (Figshare) and is accessible via the following DOI: https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.31981347.

Reproduced under the paper's license (CC BY), from the paper cited above.

Versions

The history of this record: each version stored by the harvester or made by a correction of its authors or of the maintainers of its code, and what changed in its facts. The texts of the paper (its abstract, its availability statements) are not part of it; versions that changed only those are not listed.

Version 1, 30 September 2026: the first record

Recorded: type, language, journal, volume, issue, pages, dates, 3 authors, 13 MeSH terms, 32 references.

Cite

This paper

Kwon, C., Oh, J., & Shin, H. J. (2026). Comparative study of ocular and generalized myasthenia gravis in a South Korean cohort. PloS one, 21(4), e0346981. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0346981

BibTeX

@article{kwon2026comparative,
author = {Kwon, Chaerin and Oh, Jeeyoung and Shin, Hyun Jin},
title = {{Comparative study of ocular and generalized myasthenia gravis in a South Korean cohort}},
journal = {PloS one},
year = {2026},
month = apr,
volume = {21},
number = {4},
pages = {e0346981},
publisher = {PLOS},
issn = {1932-6203},
doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0346981},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0346981},
pmid = {42048329},
pmcid = {PMC13123999}
}

RIS

TY - JOUR
AU - Kwon, Chaerin
AU - Oh, Jeeyoung
AU - Shin, Hyun Jin
TI - Comparative study of ocular and generalized myasthenia gravis in a South Korean cohort
T2 - PloS one
J2 - PLoS One
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/04/28
VL - 21
IS - 4
SP - e0346981
SN - 1932-6203
PB - PLOS
DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0346981
UR - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0346981
LA - en
ER -

CSL-JSON

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