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Differential analysis of Short chain fatty acids incubation in autistic organoids based on transcriptome sequencing.

Overview

Authors: Zaixin Wu1, Xinyi Liu1, Xiaobo Han1, Miao Li1
ORCID iDs: Miao Li
  1. School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
Institutions: Jining Medical University (China)
Journal: PloS one, volume 21, issue 6, article e0351146
Dates: received 15 January 2026; accepted 24 May 2026; published online 5 June 2026
Type: Research article · Language: English
License: CC BY
Identifiers: DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0351146 · PMID 42247426 · PMCID PMC13240876 · OpenAlex W7163700244
Open access: gold, a free copy (OpenAlex)
Status: data only
Categories: genetics / omics (modality), human (organism), autism (population)
Methods: Statistics
MeSH: Autism Spectrum Disorder*, Fatty Acids, Volatile*, Organoids*, Transcriptome*, Acetates, Gene Expression Profiling, Gene Expression Regulation, Humans (* major topic)
Journal subjects: Research and Analysis Methods, Biological Cultures, Organ Cultures, Organoids, Biology and Life Sciences, Psychology, Developmental Psychology, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Social Sciences, Genetics, Gene Expression, Computational Biology, Genome Analysis, Transcriptome Analysis, Genomics, Cell biology, Signal transduction, Cell signaling, Signaling cascades, MAPK signaling cascades, Ras Signaling, Molecular biology, Molecular biology techniques, Sequencing techniques, RNA sequencing, Calcium Signaling
Topic: Autism Spectrum Disorder Research (Cognitive Neuroscience, Neuroscience), according to OpenAlex
Funding: Shandong Provincial Higher Education Youth Innovation and Technology Support Program (2024KJJ002); Jining Medical University-level Innovation Training Program (cx2024165z, cx2024384py); Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2023QH339)
Citations: not cited yet (Europe PMC); 24 references in the paper

Abstract

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by difficulty with social communication and restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interest, or activities. We hypothesized that a dysregulation in short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) metabolism induces metabolic dysregulation and proinflammatory responses, which collectively contribute to the social behavioral deficits observed in early childhood. Herein, by high-throughput RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) of the whole transcriptome, including GO and KEGG enrichment analyses, we analyzed global gene expression differences in ASD cerebral organoids exposed to different SCFAs. The ASD cerebral organoids were divided into three groups: the ASD group (control), the acetate-treated group (Z group), and the butyrate-treated group (J group), with three biological replicates per group. Organoids were treated with 100 μM sodium acetate or 100 μM sodium butyrate from day 16 to day 23 of cortical differentiation, for a total duration of 7 days. GO functional annotation revealed that acetate treatment primarily altered gene expression related to differential regulation, whereas butyrate exposure activated immune-related processes. KEGG pathway analysis indicated that butyrate treatment was associated with enrichment of the TGF-β immune-related signaling pathway in ASD organoids, whereas acetate treatment primarily affected molecular functions such as transcriptional regulation, catalytic activity, and membrane permeability.

Reproduced under the paper's license (CC BY), from the paper cited above.

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Reproduced under the paper's license (CC BY), from the paper cited above.

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Version 1, 27 September 2026: the first record

Recorded: type, language, journal, volume, issue, pages, dates, 4 authors, 8 MeSH terms, 3 funders, 24 references.

Cite

This paper

Wu, Z., Liu, X., Han, X., & Li, M. (2026). Differential analysis of Short chain fatty acids incubation in autistic organoids based on transcriptome sequencing. PloS one, 21(6), e0351146. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0351146

BibTeX

@article{wu2026differential,
author = {Wu, Zaixin and Liu, Xinyi and Han, Xiaobo and Li, Miao},
title = {{Differential analysis of Short chain fatty acids incubation in autistic organoids based on transcriptome sequencing}},
journal = {PloS one},
year = {2026},
month = jun,
volume = {21},
number = {6},
pages = {e0351146},
publisher = {PLOS},
issn = {1932-6203},
doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0351146},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0351146},
pmid = {42247426},
pmcid = {PMC13240876}
}

RIS

TY - JOUR
AU - Wu, Zaixin
AU - Liu, Xinyi
AU - Han, Xiaobo
AU - Li, Miao
TI - Differential analysis of Short chain fatty acids incubation in autistic organoids based on transcriptome sequencing
T2 - PloS one
J2 - PLoS One
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/06/05
VL - 21
IS - 6
SP - e0351146
SN - 1932-6203
PB - PLOS
DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0351146
UR - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0351146
LA - en
ER -

CSL-JSON

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