Developmental oligodendrocytes regulate brain function through the mediation of synchronized spontaneous activity.

Overview

1. Department of Cognitive Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Science Tokyo Tokyo Japan

Abstract

Synchronized spontaneous neural activity is a fundamental feature of developing central nervous systems and is thought to be essential for proper brain development. However, the mechanisms that regulate this synchronization and its long-term impact on brain function remain unclear. Here, we identify a previously unrecognized role of oligodendrocytes in orchestrating synchronized spontaneous activity during a critical developmental window, with lasting consequences for adult behavior. Using oligodendrocyte-specific genetic manipulation in the mouse cerebellum, we demonstrate that oligodendrocyte deficiency during early postnatal development, but not after weaning, disrupts the synchronization of Purkinje cell activity both during development and in adulthood. The early disruption produced persistent deficits in cerebellar-dependent behaviors, including anxiety, sociality, and motor function. Optogenetic re-synchronization in adulthood restored motor and social functions but not anxiety-like behavior, demonstrating that reduced Purkinje cell synchrony specifically drives the motor and social impairments. Our findings establish a causal link between developmental oligodendrocyte-regulated neural synchrony and the emergence of complex brain functions, which depend on the proper developmental trajectory necessary for driving brain function.

Reproduced under the paper's license (CC BY), from the paper cited above.

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Data

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Data availability

All data and codes generated or analyzed in this paper have been shared on Dryad (https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.b5mkkwhvj). All data are available in the main text or the supplementary materials.

The following dataset was generated:

UesakaN MasumuraR GodaK SekiguchiM 2026Data from: Developmental oligodendrocytes regulate brain function through the mediation of synchronized spontaneous activityDryad Digital Repository10.5061/dryad.b5mkkwhvjPMC1327873642312933

Reproduced under the paper's license (CC BY), from the paper cited above.

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Version 1, 27 September 2026: the first record

Recorded: type, language, journal, volume, pages, dates, 4 authors, 7 keywords, 8 MeSH terms, 6 funders, 39 references, 10 RRIDs.

Cite

This paper

Masumura, R., Goda, K., Sekiguchi, M., & Uesaka, N. (2026). Developmental oligodendrocytes regulate brain function through the mediation of synchronized spontaneous activity. eLife, 14, RP102200. https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.102200

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