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Protocol for isolating viable human central nervous system T cells.

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Paper

Loaded from Europe PMC by your browser; OSCR does not store it: doi.org · Europe PMC

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The authors' code

Shell · 10 lines · 295 B · MIT

  1. # usage:
  2. # extractSJfromGTF.sh in.gtf > out.sj
  3. #
  4. # assumes transcript_id in the 12th field of GTF
  5. #
  6. awk '$3=="exon" {print $12,$1,$4,$5,$7}' $1 |\
  7. sort -k1,1V -k2,2V -k3,3n |\
  8. awk 'BEGIN {OFS="\t"} {if (t==$1) {print $2,e1+1,$3-1,$5}; e1=$4;t=$1 }' |\
  9. sort -k1,1V -k2,2n -k3,3n -k4,4 | uniq

extractSJfromGTF.sh at commit b1edc12, under MIT · at the source

Overview

Authors: Hendrik J. Engelenburg1, Joost Smolders1,2,3, Inge Huitinga1,4,5, Jörg Hamann1,6, Cheng-Chih Hsiao1,5,6
  1. Neuroimmunology Research Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam 1105 BA, the Netherlands
  2. Department of Immunology, MS Center ErasMS, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam 3015 GD, the Netherlands
  3. Department of Neurology, MS Center ErasMS, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam 3015 GD, the Netherlands
  4. Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Center for Neuroscience, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1098 XH, the Netherlands
  5. Netherlands Brain Bank, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam 1105 BA, the Netherlands
  6. Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam 1105 AZ, the Netherlands
Journal: STAR protocols, volume 7, issue 2, article 104464
Dates: published online 25 March 2026; in print June 2026
Type: Research article · Language: English
License: CC BY
Identifiers: DOI 10.1016/j.xpro.2026.104464 · PMID 41886460 · PMCID PMC13052091 · OpenAlex W7140323373
Open access: gold, a free copy (OpenAlex)
Status: code verified (how the code is found and verified)
Categories: other (modality), human (organism), cellular / molecular (subfield)
Methods: Statistics, Smoothing, state filtering, decompositions
Keywords: Cell isolation, Flow Cytometry, Immunology, Neuroscience
MeSH: Cell Separation*, Central Nervous System*, T-Lymphocytes*, Brain, Centrifugation, Density Gradient, Flow Cytometry, Humans (* major topic)
Topic: Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms (Neurology, Neuroscience), according to OpenAlex
Funding: Universitair Medisch Centrum Utrecht; Nationaal MS fonds (OZ2018-003)
Citations: not cited yet (Europe PMC); 17 references in the paper
Research resources: Anti-human CD103–PE (1:50 dilution) RRID:AB_11150242, Anti-human CD3–PE-CF594 (1:500 dilution) RRID:AB_11153674, Anti-human CD69–BV650 (1:100 dilution) RRID:AB_2563158, Anti-human CD45RA–BV650 (1:500 dilution) RRID:AB_2563653, Anti-human CD8–BV510 (1:50 dilution) RRID:AB_2564624, Anti-human CD45–BB515 (1:100 dilution) RRID:AB_2869588, Anti-human CD4–R718 (1:100 dilution) RRID:AB_2869953, FcR Blocking Reagent RRID:AB_2892112, RRID:AB_396765, Anti-human CD11b–PE-Cy7 (1:200 dilution) RRID:AB_830643

Abstract

Brain-resident T cells act as sentinels, monitoring and supporting immune surveillance and homeostasis. Here, we present a rapid protocol for isolating viable T cells from post-mortem human brain tissue. We describe the process of extracting cells from multiple CNS compartments—including choroid plexus, leptomeninges, dura mater, cerebrospinal fluid, and parenchyma—as well as matched peripheral blood. We detail steps for achieving this through mechanical and enzymatic tissue dissociation, followed by density gradient centrifugation to isolate mononuclear cells for downstream applications.

For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Hsiao et al.1

Reproduced under the paper's license (CC BY), from the paper cited above.

Repository

Its files are read in the Code ↔ Paper reader above.

alexdobin/STAR

License: MIT
State: the link answers, verified on 28 October 2026
Evidence: files inventoried
Commit: b1edc1208d91a53bf40ebae8669f71d50b994851, 25 January 2024
Languages: C++ (160), C/C++ (133), C (34), Shell (1), MATLAB (1)
Size: 389 files, 329 scripts
Software Heritage: not archived
Found in: the text, “Key resources table”
Holds: README, license file, environment (extras/docker/Dockerfile), continuous integration, documentation
Not found: CITATION.cff, tests
Availability: 2 checks, the latest on 28 October 2026: the link answers
  • 28 October 2026: the link answers
  • 27 September 2026: the link answers
331 files

The paper's code and data availability statement is in the Data section.

Tracing map

Proposed by the machine: these links were found in the paper and verified at the source, without human review. The map will receive a Zenodo DOI once one of the paper's authors has validated it with their ORCID.

What the map holds:

  • 1 repository of the authors' code, each at its verified commit, with its license and how the link was found in the paper;
  • 329 scripts, each with its path and the digest of its content;
  • no match between paragraphs and code yet;
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Its JSON (tracing-map.json) is deposited on Zenodo with its DOI once the map is validated.

Data

No dataset and no data link were found in the paper.

Data and code availability

The dataset generated during this study is available at GEO: GSE307577.

Reproduced under the paper's license (CC BY), from the paper cited above.

Versions

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Version 1, 30 September 2026: the first record

Recorded: type, language, journal, volume, issue, pages, dates, 5 authors, 4 keywords, 7 MeSH terms, 2 funders, 16 references, 10 RRIDs.

Cite

This paper

Engelenburg, H. J., Smolders, J., Huitinga, I., Hamann, J., & Hsiao, C.-C. (2026). Protocol for isolating viable human central nervous system T cells. STAR protocols, 7(2), 104464. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xpro.2026.104464

BibTeX

@article{engelenburg2026protocol,
author = {Engelenburg, Hendrik J. and Smolders, Joost and Huitinga, Inge and Hamann, Jörg and Hsiao, Cheng-Chih},
title = {{Protocol for isolating viable human central nervous system T cells}},
journal = {STAR protocols},
year = {2026},
month = mar,
volume = {7},
number = {2},
pages = {104464},
publisher = {Elsevier},
issn = {2666-1667},
doi = {10.1016/j.xpro.2026.104464},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xpro.2026.104464},
pmid = {41886460},
pmcid = {PMC13052091}
}

RIS

TY - JOUR
AU - Engelenburg, Hendrik J.
AU - Smolders, Joost
AU - Huitinga, Inge
AU - Hamann, Jörg
AU - Hsiao, Cheng-Chih
TI - Protocol for isolating viable human central nervous system T cells
T2 - STAR protocols
J2 - STAR Protoc
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/03/25
VL - 7
IS - 2
SP - 104464
SN - 2666-1667
PB - Elsevier
DO - 10.1016/j.xpro.2026.104464
UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xpro.2026.104464
LA - en
ER -

CSL-JSON

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