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Immunotherapy with a short-lived anti-PD-L1 antibody in Alzheimer's disease: a phase 1b, randomized, double-blind trial.

Overview

Authors: Tommaso Croese1, Catherine J Mummery2, Noa Bregman3,4,5, Dalia Bracha1, Kuti Baruch1, Alexander Kertser1, Sharona Raveh1, Eliezer Shochat6, Michal Schwartz1,7
ORCID iDs: Tommaso Croese, Catherine J Mummery, Dalia Bracha, Kuti Baruch, Alexander Kertser, Sharona Raveh, Michal Schwartz
  1. ImmunoBrain Checkpoint Inc, Palm Beach Gardens, FL USA
  2. Dementia Research Centre, University College London, London, UK
  3. Cognitive Neurology Unit, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
  4. Gray Faculty of Medical & Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
  5. Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
  6. Shochat Pharma Services, Reinach, Switzerland
  7. Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
Institutions: University College London (United Kingdom); Tel Aviv University (Israel); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center (Israel); Weizmann Institute of Science (Israel)
Journal: Nature medicine, volume 32, issue 9, pages 3458-3465
Dates: received 27 May 2026; accepted 25 June 2026; published online 15 July 2026; in print 2026
Type: Research article · Language: English
License: CC BY-NC-ND
Identifiers: DOI 10.1038/s41591-026-04547-8 · PMID 42458012 · PMCID PMC13577887 · OpenAlex W7168353635
Open access: hybrid, a free copy (OpenAlex)
Status: code on request
Categories: human (organism), Alzheimer's / dementia (population), clinical / translational (subfield)
Methods: Statistics
Keywords: Alzheimer's disease, Drug safety, Immunotherapy
MeSH: Alzheimer Disease*, B7-H1 Antigen*, Immunotherapy*, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Biomarkers, Brain, Double-Blind Method, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged (* major topic)
Topic: Alzheimer's disease research and treatments (Physiology, Medicine), according to OpenAlex
Funding: Alzheimer's Association (PTCG-20-701033); Alzheimer’s Association (PTCG-20-701033); U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Aging (U.S. National Institute on Aging) (5R01AG071810-02); NIA NIH HHS (R01 AG071810); U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Aging (5R01AG071810-02)
Citations: cited by 1 paper (Europe PMC); 32 references in the paper

Abstract

The abstract is not reproduced here: the paper's license (CC BY-NC-ND) does not allow it. Read it in the paper, at the publisher or on Europe PMC.

Code

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Code availability statement

The paper has a code availability statement. Its license (CC BY-NC-ND) does not allow reproducing it here; in short, from what the harvester recognized in it:

  • it says that the code is available on request

Read it in the paper: doi.org/10.1038/s41591-026-04547-8.

Tracing map

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Data

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Data availability statement

The paper has a data availability statement. Its license (CC BY-NC-ND) does not allow reproducing it here; in short, from what the harvester recognized in it:

  • it says that the data are available on request

Read it in the paper: doi.org/10.1038/s41591-026-04547-8.

Versions

The history of this record: each version stored by the harvester or made by a correction of its authors or of the maintainers of its code, and what changed in its facts. The texts of the paper (its abstract, its availability statements) are not part of it; versions that changed only those are not listed.

Version 2, 28 September 2026

  • Publisher: n/a → Nature Portfolio

Version 1, 27 September 2026: the first record

Recorded: type, language, journal, volume, issue, pages, dates, 9 authors, 3 keywords, 12 MeSH terms, 5 funders, 32 references.

Cite

This paper

Croese, T., Mummery, C. J., Bregman, N., Bracha, D., Baruch, K., Kertser, A., Raveh, S., Shochat, E., & Schwartz, M. (2026). Immunotherapy with a short-lived anti-PD-L1 antibody in Alzheimer's disease: a phase 1b, randomized, double-blind trial. Nature medicine, 32(9), 3458-3465. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-026-04547-8

BibTeX

@article{croese2026immunotherapy,
author = {Croese, Tommaso and Mummery, Catherine J and Bregman, Noa and Bracha, Dalia and Baruch, Kuti and Kertser, Alexander and Raveh, Sharona and Shochat, Eliezer and Schwartz, Michal},
title = {{Immunotherapy with a short-lived anti-PD-L1 antibody in Alzheimer's disease: a phase 1b, randomized, double-blind trial}},
journal = {Nature medicine},
year = {2026},
month = jul,
volume = {32},
number = {9},
pages = {3458--3465},
publisher = {Nature Portfolio},
issn = {1078-8956},
doi = {10.1038/s41591-026-04547-8},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-026-04547-8},
pmid = {42458012},
pmcid = {PMC13577887}
}

RIS

TY - JOUR
AU - Croese, Tommaso
AU - Mummery, Catherine J
AU - Bregman, Noa
AU - Bracha, Dalia
AU - Baruch, Kuti
AU - Kertser, Alexander
AU - Raveh, Sharona
AU - Shochat, Eliezer
AU - Schwartz, Michal
TI - Immunotherapy with a short-lived anti-PD-L1 antibody in Alzheimer's disease: a phase 1b, randomized, double-blind trial
T2 - Nature medicine
J2 - Nat Med
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/07/15
VL - 32
IS - 9
SP - 3458
EP - 3465
SN - 1078-8956
PB - Nature Portfolio
DO - 10.1038/s41591-026-04547-8
UR - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-026-04547-8
LA - en
ER -

CSL-JSON

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