Differential properties of NS1 glycoproteins in West Nile and Usutu viruses.
Overview
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections (PCCEI), INSERM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Biocommunication in Cardio-Metabolism (BC2M), University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Centre de Biologie Structurale (CBS), CNRS, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- National Reference Laboratory for Viral Zoonoses, National Public Health Center, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Arbovirology and Entomology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
- Faculty of Mathematics, Informatics and Natural Sciences, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- Virus Metagenomics and Evolution Group, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
- Institute of Bioscience, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
Abstract
West Nile virus (WNV) and Usutu virus (USUV) are neurotropic orthoflaviviruses of the Flaviviridae family, transmitted primarily by Culex mosquitoes and maintained in enzootic cycles involving birds. While WNV is a well-established human pathogen causing hundreds of neuroinvasive cases annually in Europe, USUV has emerged more recently, with fewer documented human infections but increasing evidence of neurovirulence. The viral nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) plays a central role in orthoflavivirus pathogenesis by modulating host immune responses, disrupting endothelial barrier integrity, and facilitating viral dissemination. However, the functional and biochemical properties of NS1 from WNV and USUV remain poorly characterized. We combined in vitro, in vivo, and clinical approaches to compare NS1 secretion, stability, and its impact on blood-brain barrier. Our results show that WNV NS1 is secreted at significantly higher levels, exhibits greater thermal stability, and disrupts brain endothelial barrier integrity in vitro. In contrast, USUV NS1 is secreted less efficiently, is slightly less stable, and does not compromise blood-brain barrier integrity, despite inducing distinct transcriptional responses in brain endothelial cells. In mice, WNV infection led to higher serum NS1 levels and stronger systemic inflammation than USUV. Clinically, WNV NS1 was detected mainly in patients with neurological symptoms, whereas USUV NS1 remained undetectable in all cases. Altogether, these findings reveal differential NS1 properties between these closely related viruses, with key implications for orthoflavivirus diagnosis and neurovirulence mechanisms.
Reproduced under the paper's license (CC BY), from the paper cited above.
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Data
Datasets cited
- figshare:32126271, at figshare; found in DataCite
Data availability statement
All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article and its supplementary information files. Additional data are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Reproduced under the paper's license (CC BY), from the paper cited above.
Versions
The history of this record: each version stored by the harvester or made by a correction of its authors or of the maintainers of its code, and what changed in its facts. The texts of the paper (its abstract, its availability statements) are not part of it; versions that changed only those are not listed.
Version 1, 28 September 2026: the first record
Recorded: type, language, journal, volume, issue, pages, dates, 14 authors, 5 keywords, 13 MeSH terms, 1 funder, 56 references.
Cite
This paper
Revel, J., Leroy, J., Delbecq, S., Constant, O., Henry Marty, F., Naili, C., Barthès, A., Nagy, A., Schmidt-Chanasit, J., Cadar, D., Abd Rahaman, N. Y., Lajoix, A.-D., Desmetz, C., & Simonin, Y. (2026). Differential properties of NS1 glycoproteins in West Nile and Usutu viruses. Emerging microbes & infections, 15(1), 2667565. https://
BibTeX
@article{revel2026differ
author = {Revel, Justine and Leroy, Jérémy and Delbecq, Stéphane and Constant, Orianne and Henry Marty, Florent and Naili, Chaima and Barthès, Arthur and Nagy, Anna and Schmidt-Chanasit, Jonas and Cadar, Dániel and Abd Rahaman, Nor Yasmin and Lajoix, Anne-Dominique and Desmetz, Caroline and Simonin, Yannick},
title = {{Differential properties of NS1 glycoproteins in West Nile and Usutu viruses}},
journal = {Emerging microbes \& infections},
year = {2026},
month = may,
volume = {15},
number = {1},
pages = {2667565},
publisher = {Taylor \& Francis},
issn = {2222-1751},
doi = {10.1080/
url = {https://
pmid = {42054312},
pmcid = {PMC13224725}
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
AU - Revel, Justine
AU - Leroy, Jérémy
AU - Delbecq, Stéphane
AU - Constant, Orianne
AU - Henry Marty, Florent
AU - Naili, Chaima
AU - Barthès, Arthur
AU - Nagy, Anna
AU - Schmidt-Chanasit, Jonas
AU - Cadar, Dániel
AU - Abd Rahaman, Nor Yasmin
AU - Lajoix, Anne-Dominique
AU - Desmetz, Caroline
AU - Simonin, Yannick
TI - Differential properties of NS1 glycoproteins in West Nile and Usutu viruses
T2 - Emerging microbes & infections
J2 - Emerg Microbes Infect
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/
VL - 15
IS - 1
SP - 2667565
SN - 2222-1751
PB - Taylor & Francis
DO - 10.1080/
UR - https://
LA - en
ER -
CSL-JSON
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