Investigation of stress hormones across multiday seizure cycles.
The 3 matches
- [1] § Materials and methods › Statistical analysis › Multiday seizure cycle and cortisol ↔ slopes_vs_features.R, lines 38–98 · score 0.72 · circadian seizure chronotype, circadian cycle strength, multiday cycle strength, slopes, fitted, morning
- [2] § Materials and methods › Statistical analysis › Linear mixed models ↔ cortisol_slopes.R, lines 47–91 · score 0.57 · Kenward Roger, lme4, ANOVA, model, Cortisol
- [3] § Materials and methods › Statistical analysis › Linear mixed models ↔ lmm_models.R, lines 84–154 · score 0.55 · Nelder Mead, allocated risk, PSS score, optimizers, predict, pre sample
Paper
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The authors' code
R · 98 lines · 3.8 KB · no license · 1 match
slopes_vs_features.R at commit dd1752a, no license · at the source
Overview
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
- Graeme Clark Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
- Statistical Consulting Centre, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
- Department of Medicine, St. Vincent’s Hospital Melbourne, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
Abstract
It is well established that most people with epilepsy experience cyclical fluctuations in seizure susceptibility. These seizure patterns have been associated with multiday oscillations in cortical excitability and autonomic changes, although the mechanistic drivers of these cycles are not well understood. In this study, we measured stress hormone levels at seizure cycle peaks and troughs (high and low risk, respectively) to investigate stress hormones as a possible co-oscillator with multiday cycles of seizure susceptibility. Thirteen participants with focal epilepsy were recruited for this longitudinal cohort study. Participants reported seizures in an electronic diary for at least 6 months prior to study commencement. Four 3-day salivary sampling periods were scheduled using a cycle forecasting algorithm trained on each participant’s historical seizure diary to prospectively identify high- and low-risk periods. Twenty-four saliva samples were collected per person across two predicted high-risk periods and two predicted low-risk periods (‘allocated risk’). Saliva samples were analysed for cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEAS) levels. Linear mixed models were fitted to predict stress hormones with fixed effects: multiday seizure cycle (retrospective peak or trough), time of day, allocated risk, perceived stress scale score and pre- and post-sample seizure occurrence. Participants recorded an average of 47 (SD = 62) seizures between their first and final saliva collection (duration: 11.8 ± 8.0 months). Three hundred and twelve saliva samples were collected in total. Cortisol levels were significantly higher in the epilepsy cohort compared to the expected general population. On a group level, cortisol was significantly associated with fixed effects time of day, pre-sample seizure occurrence and multiday seizure cycle, with cortisol levels heightened at multiday cycle peaks compared to troughs, particularly evident in the morning saliva samples. These results provide new insights into cortisol as a possible mechanistic driver or co-oscillator of multiday seizure cycles in people with epilepsy. The novel methodology presented in this work may be used to explore interactions between other biomolecules of interest and multiday seizure cycles.
Reproduced under the paper's license (CC BY), from the paper cited above.
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RiPLresearch/cortisol-study-brain-communications
dd1752a76733f3002b189fb7f31d0c06fd90646c, 26 May 2026Availability: 1 check, the latest on 27 September 2026: the link answers
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- correlation.R — R, 49 lines, shown from its source
- cortisol_slopes.R — R, 294 lines, 1 match, shown from its source
- lmm_models.R — R, 254 lines, 1 match, shown from its source
- other_plots.R — R, 356 lines, shown from its source
- slopes_vs_features.R — R, 98 lines, 1 match, shown from its source
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Requests for data can be made to the corresponding author. Deidentified data will be made available upon reasonable request. Code used for analysis (statistics and figure generation) is available at: https://
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Recorded: type, language, journal, volume, issue, pages, dates, 9 authors, 5 keywords, 2 funders, 55 references.
Cite
This paper
Stirling, R. E., Naim-Feil, J., Gordon, I., Grayden, D. B., D’Souza, W., Freestone, D. R., Nurse, E. S., Cook, M. J., & Karoly, P. J. (2026). Investigation of stress hormones across multiday seizure cycles. Brain communications, 8(3), fcag217. https://
BibTeX
@article{stirling2026inv
author = {Stirling, Rachel E and Naim-Feil, Jodie and Gordon, Ian and Grayden, David B and D’Souza, Wendyl and Freestone, Dean R and Nurse, Ewan S and Cook, Mark J and Karoly, Philippa J},
title = {{Investigation of stress hormones across multiday seizure cycles}},
journal = {Brain communications},
year = {2026},
month = jun,
volume = {8},
number = {3},
pages = {fcag217},
publisher = {Oxford University Press},
issn = {2632-1297},
doi = {10.1093/
url = {https://
pmid = {42311452},
pmcid = {PMC13270484}
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
AU - Stirling, Rachel E
AU - Naim-Feil, Jodie
AU - Gordon, Ian
AU - Grayden, David B
AU - D’Souza, Wendyl
AU - Freestone, Dean R
AU - Nurse, Ewan S
AU - Cook, Mark J
AU - Karoly, Philippa J
TI - Investigation of stress hormones across multiday seizure cycles
T2 - Brain communications
J2 - Brain Commun
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/
VL - 8
IS - 3
SP - fcag217
SN - 2632-1297
PB - Oxford University Press
DO - 10.1093/
UR - https://
LA - en
ER -
CSL-JSON
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