Nonapeptide molecular evolution during the adaptive radiation of Tanganyika cichlids.
The 20 matches · 16 of them tie a paragraph to a whole file, not to given lines: weak matches, whose lines are not tinted
- [1] § METHODS › Lake Tanganyika cichlids de novo assemblies ↔ Scripts/01.Map_assemblies.sh, the whole file · a weak match · score 0.96 · Bwa mem, STAR aligner, BioProject, Oreochromis niloticus, GCF_001858045.2, mapped
- [2] § METHODS › Correlated evolution between discrete traits ↔ Scripts/14.2.BayesTraits_run.sh, the whole file · a weak match · score 0.86 · Log Bayes Factor, correlated evolution, BayesTraits, independent model, stone, v4
- [3] § METHODS › Tissue expression and correlation with behavioral phenotypes ↔ Scripts/15.PGLMM.R, lines 68–189 · score 0.86 · tailed Bayesian, posterior samples, pMCMC, ESS, interval, probability
- [4] § METHODS › Multiple sequence alignments ↔ Scripts/08.Alignments.sh, the whole file · a weak match · score 0.85 · pal2nal, v7.526, consensus sequences, reference gene, amino acids, V14
- [5] § METHODS › Correlated evolution between discrete traits ↔ Scripts/14.5.BT_reverse-jump.sh, the whole file · a weak match · score 0.83 · reversible jump, BayesTraits, independent model, v4, discrete, MCMC
- [6] § RESULTS › Positive selection on nonapeptide system genes ↔ Scripts/15.PGLMM.R, lines 1–31 · score 0.75 · VTR2Ba, VTR1Ab, VTR1Aa, VTR2Ab, VTR2Aa, OTRa
- [7] § RESULTS › Positive selection on nonapeptide system genes ↔ Scripts/09.2.NucDiv_by_domain.R, the whole file · a weak match · score 0.74 · VTR2Ab.tr2, VTR2Ba, VTR1Ab, VTR2Aa, EL3, OTRa
- [8] § RESULTS › Correlation between behavioral phenotypes and SNPs ↔ Scripts/14.5.BT_reverse-jump.sh, the whole file · a weak match · score 0.73 · reversible jump, BayesTraits, independent model, pair bonding, evolution, phenotypes
- [9] § RESULTS › Association between the expression of nonapeptide genes and behavioral phenotypes ↔ Scripts/15.PGLMM.R, lines 68–189 · score 0.72 · HPD interval, posterior samples, pMCMC, ESS, Geweke, diagnostics
- [10] § RESULTS › Association between the expression of nonapeptide genes and behavioral phenotypes ↔ Scripts/15.PGLMM.R, lines 1–31 · score 0.71 · VTR2Bb, pMCMC, VTR1Aa, VTR2Aa, pair bonding, caregivers
- [11] § METHODS › Lake Tanganyika cichlids de novo assemblies ↔ Scripts/07.2.Extract_consensus_transcriptomes.sh, the whole file · a weak match · score 0.70 · STAR aligner, consensus sequences, GCF_001858045.2, accession, genome, Transcriptomic
- [12] § RESULTS › Structure of the nonapeptides and their receptors ↔ Scripts/09.2.NucDiv_by_domain.R, the whole file · a weak match · score 0.68 · signal peptide, canonical GPCR, copeptin, neurophysin, tr1, IL3
- [13] § METHODS › Positive selection ↔ Scripts/12.FEL_pos_selection.sh, the whole file · a weak match · score 0.67 · gene wide, positive selection, gene trees, FEL, HyPhy, alignments
- [14] § METHODS › Nonapeptide system genes repertoire ↔ Scripts/07.1.Extract_consensus_genomes.sh, the whole file · a weak match · score 0.64 · species consensus, consensus sequence, BCFtools, Seqtk, BAM, Samtools
- [15] § METHODS › Nonapeptide system genes repertoire ↔ Scripts/03.Local_Database_Blast.sh, the whole file · a weak match · score 0.63 · PacBio, databases, makeblastdb, BLASTn, assemblies, species
- [16] § RESULTS › Correlation between behavioral phenotypes and SNPs ↔ Scripts/14.2.BayesTraits_run.sh, the whole file · a weak match · score 0.61 · correlated evolution, BayesTraits, independent model, amino acid, likelihood, log
- [17] § METHODS › Multiple sequence alignments ↔ Scripts/07.1.Extract_consensus_genomes.sh, the whole file · a weak match · score 0.58 · v7.526, consensus sequences, MAFFT, frame, genomic, genome
- [18] § RESULTS › Nonapeptide system genes repertoire ↔ Scripts/01.Map_assemblies.sh, the whole file · a weak match · score 0.57 · Oreochromis niloticus, GCF_001858045.2, reference genome, NCBI, accession, assembly
- [19] § METHODS › Positive selection ↔ Scripts/10.Gene_Trees.sh, the whole file · a weak match · score 0.55 · amino acid sequences, gene trees, IQTREE, nucleotide, alignments, transcript
- [20] § METHODS › Nonapeptide system genes repertoire ↔ Scripts/07.2.Extract_consensus_transcriptomes.sh, the whole file · a weak match · score 0.51 · consensus sequence, BCFtools, Seqtk, BAM, Samtools, transcripts
Paper
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The authors' code
R · 264 lines · 6.8 KB · MIT · 4 matches
- # PGLMM analysis for gene expression data. This script runs Phylogenetic Generalized Linear Mixed Models (PGLMM) using MCMCglmm for each gene and phenotype, extracts pMCMC values, and saves results to a file.
- library(tidyverse) # version 2.0.0
- library(ape) # version 5.8
- library(MCMCglmm) # version 2.36
- library(coda) # version 0.19-4.1
- # Read input data
- input_file <- "Data/16.PGLMM/inp_exp_scaled.txt"
- df <- read.table(input_file, header = TRUE, sep = "\t")
- # Read Phylogeny in Newick format
- tree_tan <- read.tree("Data/16.PGLMM/tree_tan.nwk")
- # Convert factors in initial data frame
- df$spp <- factor(df$spp)
- df$sex <- factor(df$sex)
- df$Sex_caregiver <- factor(df$Sex_caregiver)
- df$Pair_bonding <- factor(df$Pair_bonding)
- # Convert to long format
- gene_cols <- c("OT","VT","OTRa","OTRb",
- "VTR1Aa","VTR1Ab",
- "VTR2Aa","VTR2Ab",
- "VTR2Ba","VTR2Bb")
- df_long <- df %>%
- pivot_longer(
- cols = all_of(gene_cols),
- names_to = "GeneID",
- values_to = "log_expression"
- )
- # Function to run PGLMM for a given gene and phenotype
- run_pglmm <- function(data, gene_name, phenotype, inv.phylo) {
- # Subset data for the specific gene
- df_gene <- subset(data, GeneID == gene_name)
- # Ensure species factor levels match the phylogeny
- df_gene$spp <- factor(df_gene$spp, levels = rownames(inv.phylo$Ainv))
- # Define the formula dynamically based on the phenotype
- formula_txt <- paste0(
- "log_expression ~ ",
- phenotype,
- " * sex + d15N + d13C"
- )
- # Convert to formula object
- formula_obj <- as.formula(formula_txt)
- # Run the MCMCglmm model
- model <- MCMCglmm(
- formula_obj,
- random = ~ spp,
- family = "gaussian",
- ginverse = list(spp = inv.phylo$Ainv),
- data = as.data.frame(df_gene),
- nitt = 1000000,
- burnin = 100000,
- thin = 100,
- verbose = FALSE
- )
- return(model)
- }
- # Function to extract results
- extract_results <- function(model, gene, phenotype,
- pheno_term, sex_term, inter_term) {
- sol <- model$Sol
- # -----------------------------
- # Convergence diagnostics (ONLY pheno, sex, interaction)
- # -----------------------------
- get_geweke <- function(term) {
- z_val <- geweke.diag(as.mcmc(sol[, term]))$z
- conv_ok <- abs(z_val) < 1.95
- return(c(z_val, conv_ok))
- }
- pheno_conv <- get_geweke(pheno_term)
- sex_conv <- get_geweke(sex_term)
- int_conv <- get_geweke(inter_term)
- d15N_conv <- get_geweke("d15N")
- d13C_conv <- get_geweke("d13C")
- # -----------------------------
- # Effective sample size
- # -----------------------------
- get_ess <- function(term) {
- ess_val <- effectiveSize(as.mcmc(sol[, term]))
- return(ess_val)
- }
- ess_pheno <- get_ess(pheno_term)
- ess_sex <- get_ess(sex_term)
- ess_int <- get_ess(inter_term)
- ess_d15N <- get_ess("d15N")
- ess_d13C <- get_ess("d13C")
- # -----------------------------
- # Extract posterior stats + HPD
- # -----------------------------
- extract_stats <- function(term) {
- if (!(term %in% colnames(sol))) return(c(NA, NA, NA, NA))
- # Extract posterior samples for the term
- post <- sol[, term]
- mean_post <- mean(post)
- # Two-tailed Bayesian pMCMC
- pMCMC <- 2 * min(mean(post > 0), mean(post < 0))
- # 95% HPD interval
- hpd <- HPDinterval(as.mcmc(post), prob = 0.95)
- CI_low <- hpd[1]
- CI_high <- hpd[2]
- return(c(mean_post, pMCMC, CI_low, CI_high))
- }
- # Extract stats for each term
- pheno_stats <- extract_stats(pheno_term)
- sex_stats <- extract_stats(sex_term)
- int_stats <- extract_stats(inter_term)
- d15N_stats <- extract_stats("d15N")
- d13C_stats <- extract_stats("d13C")
- # Compile results into a data frame
- return(data.frame(
- gene = gene,
- # Convergence diagnostics
- geweke_pheno = pheno_conv[1],
- conv_pheno = pheno_conv[2],
- geweke_sex = sex_conv[1],
- conv_sex = sex_conv[2],
- geweke_interaction = int_conv[1],
- conv_interaction = int_conv[2],
- geweke_d15N = d15N_conv[1],
- conv_d15N = d15N_conv[2],
- geweke_d13C = d13C_conv[1],
- conv_d13C = d13C_conv[2],
- # ESS
- ESS_pheno = ess_pheno,
- ESS_sex = ess_sex,
- ESS_interaction = ess_int,
- ESS_d15N = ess_d15N,
- ESS_d13C = ess_d13C,
- # Phenotype effect
- mean_pheno = pheno_stats[1],
- p_pheno = pheno_stats[2],
- HPD_low_pheno = pheno_stats[3],
- HPD_high_pheno = pheno_stats[4],
- # Sex effect
- mean_sex = sex_stats[1],
- p_sex = sex_stats[2],
- HPD_low_sex = sex_stats[3],
- HPD_high_sex = sex_stats[4],
- # Interaction
- mean_interaction = int_stats[1],
- p_interaction = int_stats[2],
- HPD_low_interaction = int_stats[3],
- HPD_high_interaction = int_stats[4],
- # d15N
- mean_d15N = d15N_stats[1],
- p_d15N = d15N_stats[2],
- HPD_low_d15N = d15N_stats[3],
- HPD_high_d15N = d15N_stats[4],
- # d13C
- mean_d13C = d13C_stats[1],
- p_d13C = d13C_stats[2],
- HPD_low_d13C = d13C_stats[3],
- HPD_high_d13C = d13C_stats[4]
- ))
- }
- # ----------------------------------
- # Run models for both phenotypes
- # ----------------------------------
- phenotypes <- c("Sex_caregiver", "Pair_bonding")
- all_genes <- unique(df_long$GeneID)
- for (phenotype in phenotypes) {
- cat("\nRunning phenotype:", phenotype, "\n")
- # Define output file path
- output_file <- paste0("Data/16.PGLMM/out/", phenotype, "_results.txt")
- # Remove NAs for this phenotype
- df_pheno <- df_long[!is.na(df_long[[phenotype]]), ]
- # Prune tree to only species with the phenotype
- tree <- keep.tip(tree_tan, as.vector(unique(df_pheno$spp)))
- inv.phylo <- inverseA(tree, nodes = "TIPS", scale = FALSE)
- # Ensure factor levels are set
- df_pheno[[phenotype]] <- factor(df_pheno[[phenotype]])
- # Define term names dynamically
- pheno_levels <- levels(df_pheno[[phenotype]])
- sex_levels <- levels(df_pheno$sex)
- pheno_term <- paste0(phenotype, pheno_levels[2])
- sex_term <- paste0("sex", sex_levels[2])
- inter_term <- paste0(pheno_term, ":", sex_term)
- results_list <- list()
- # -------------------------------
- # Loop over genes
- # -------------------------------
- for (g in all_genes) {
- cat(" Gene:", g, "\n")
- # Run model with error handling
- model <- try(run_pglmm(df_pheno, g, phenotype, inv.phylo))
- if (inherits(model, "try-error")) {
- cat(" Failed:", g, "\n")
- next
- }
- # Extract results
- res <- extract_results(model, g, phenotype,
- pheno_term, sex_term, inter_term)
- results_list[[g]] <- res
- }
- # Combine gene results
- results_df <- bind_rows(results_list)
- # ----------------------------------
- # Save phenotype-specific results
- # ----------------------------------
- write.table(
- results_df,
- file = output_file,
- sep = "\t",
- row.names = FALSE,
- col.names = TRUE,
- quote = FALSE
- )
- cat("Saved:", output_file, "\n")
- }
15.PGLMM.R at commit d2b5a65, under MIT · at the source
Overview
- GIMM—Gulbenkian Institute for Molecular Medicine, Oeiras, Portugal
- ISPA—University Institute for Psychological, Social and Life Sciences, Lisbon, Portugal
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Zoological Institute, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Abstract
Oxytocin (OT) and vasotocin (VT) are evolutionarily conserved nonapeptides that regulate a wide range of physiological and behavioral processes in vertebrates. Their receptor families have undergone gene duplications that facilitated functional diversification throughout vertebrate evolution. Using the diverse cichlid species in Lake Tanganyika, which have undergone repeated evolutionary transitions between social phenotypes, we investigated the molecular evolution of the nonapeptide system and its potential involvement in social behavior. We performed a positive selection analysis based on the dN/
Reproduced under the paper's license (CC BY-NC), from the paper cited above.
Repositories
Its files are read in the Code ↔ Paper reader above, with 20 matches between paragraphs and lines of code.
psorigue/Molecular-evolution-OTVT-in-LT-cichlids
d2b5a65a58c30e02039738ee8413853ff49f851c, 9 June 2026Availability: 1 check, the latest on 27 September 2026: the link answers
- 27 September 2026: the link answers
27 files
- Scripts/
01.Map_assemblies.sh , Shell, 88 lines, 2 matches - Scripts/
02.Teleost_tree_receptor , Shell, 19 liness.sh - Scripts/
03.Local_Database_Blast. , Shell, 29 lines, 1 matchsh - Scripts/
04.Download_CDS_and_regi , Shell, 17 linesons_file.sh - Scripts/
05.1.Coverage.sh , Shell, 51 lines - Scripts/
05.2.Best_Coverage_File. , Shell, 24 linessh - Scripts/
07.1.Extract_consensus_g , Shell, 79 lines, 2 matchesenomes.sh - Scripts/
07.2.Extract_consensus_t , Shell, 45 lines, 2 matchesranscriptomes.sh - Scripts/
08.Alignments.sh , Shell, 49 lines, 1 match - Scripts/
09.1.Nucleotide_Diversit , R, 39 linesy.R - Scripts/
09.2.NucDiv_by_domain.R , R, 77 lines, 2 matches - Scripts/
10.Gene_Trees.sh , Shell, 28 lines, 1 match - Scripts/
11.1.dS_ratios.sh , Shell, 61 lines - Scripts/
11.2.dS_VTR1Ab.sh , Shell, 60 lines - Scripts/
12.FEL_pos_selection.sh , Shell, 74 lines, 1 match - Scripts/
13.1.Variable_Sites.sh , Shell, 35 lines - Scripts/
13.2.Datasets_Variable_S , R, 49 linesites.R - Scripts/
14.1.Create_Trees_BT.R , R, 29 lines - Scripts/
14.2.BayesTraits_run.sh , Shell, 46 lines, 2 matches - Scripts/
14.3.Convergence_BT_run. , R, 64 linesR - Scripts/
14.4.Randomize_dataset.R , R, 16 lines - Scripts/
14.5.BT_reverse-jump.sh , Shell, 49 lines, 2 matches - Scripts/
15.PGLMM.R , R, 264 lines, 4 matches - Scripts/
functions_bash.sh , Shell, 177 lines - Scripts/
functions_python.py , Python, 254 lines - LICENSE, License, 21 lines
- README.md, Text, 104 lines
Zenodo 19077530
Availability: 1 check, the latest on 27 September 2026: the link answers (HTTP 200)
- 27 September 2026: the link answers (HTTP 200)
The paper's code and data availability statement is in the Data section.
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What the map holds:
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Its JSON (tracing-map.json) is deposited on Zenodo with its DOI once the map is validated.
Data
No dataset and no data link were found in the paper.
Data availability statement
All scripts used in this study are publicly available on GitHub (https://
Reproduced under the paper's license (CC BY-NC), from the paper cited above.
Versions
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Version 2, 28 September 2026
- Publisher: n/a → Wiley
Version 1, 27 September 2026: the first record
Recorded: type, language, journal, volume, issue, pages, dates, 3 authors, 5 keywords, 10 MeSH terms, 2 funders, 70 references.
Cite
This paper
Sorigue, P., Salzburger, W., & Oliveira, R. F. (2026). Nonapeptide molecular evolution during the adaptive radiation of Tanganyika cichlids. Journal of neuroendocrinology, 38(6), e70203. https://
BibTeX
@article{sorigue2026nona
author = {Sorigue, Pol and Salzburger, Walter and Oliveira, Rui F},
title = {{Nonapeptide molecular evolution during the adaptive radiation of Tanganyika cichlids}},
journal = {Journal of neuroendocrinology},
year = {2026},
month = jun,
volume = {38},
number = {6},
pages = {e70203},
publisher = {Wiley},
issn = {0953-8194},
doi = {10.1111/
url = {https://
pmid = {42259525},
pmcid = {PMC13246276}
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
AU - Sorigue, Pol
AU - Salzburger, Walter
AU - Oliveira, Rui F
TI - Nonapeptide molecular evolution during the adaptive radiation of Tanganyika cichlids
T2 - Journal of neuroendocrinology
J2 - J Neuroendocrinol
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/
VL - 38
IS - 6
SP - e70203
SN - 0953-8194
PB - Wiley
DO - 10.1111/
UR - https://
LA - en
ER -
CSL-JSON
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"type": "article-journal",
"title": "Nonapeptide molecular evolution during the adaptive radiation of Tanganyika cichlids",
"container-title": "Journal of neuroendocrinology",
"author": [
{
"family": "Sorigue",
"given": "Pol"
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"given": "Walter"
},
{
"family": "Oliveira",
"given": "Rui F"
}
],
"container-title-short":
"volume": "38",
"issue": "6",
"page": "e70203",
"DOI": "10.1111/
"PMID": "42259525",
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"ISSN": "0953-8194",
"publisher": "Wiley",
"URL": "https://
"language": "en",
"issued": {
"date-parts": [
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