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Regulation of autism-related self-injurious behavior by electrical stimulation of corticostriatal circuits in mice and humans.

Code ↔ Paper

2 matches between paragraphs of the paper and lines of its authors' code, computed by the harvester (lexical-v1). Click a colored paragraph or line to see its counterpart.

The 2 matches
  1. [1] § MATERIALS AND METHODS › Statistical analyses › Deformation-based morphometry ↔ dbm.sh, lines 394–449 · score 0.62 · deformation field, Jacobian determinants, geometric, mask, DBM
  2. [2] § MATERIALS AND METHODS › Statistical analyses › Deformation-based morphometry ↔ twolevel_dbm.py, lines 742–810 · score 0.53 · Jacobian determinants, mni, deformation, morphometry, DBM, field

Paper

Loaded from Europe PMC by your browser, not stored by OSCR: doi.org · Europe PMC

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The authors' code

Shell · 592 lines · 26 KB · other · 1 match

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It can be read at the source: dbm.sh.

Overview

13 affiliations
  1. Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
  2. Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
  3. Krembil Brain Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
  4. Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
  5. Mouse Imaging Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
  6. Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
  7. Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
  8. Oxford Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
  9. Translational Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
  10. Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
  11. Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
  12. Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
  13. Division of Neurology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Journal: Science advances, volume 12, issue 15, article eaeb5842
Dates: received 18 August 2025; accepted 11 March 2026; published online 10 April 2026; in print April 2026
Type: Research article · Language: English
License: CC BY-NC
Identifiers: DOI 10.1126/sciadv.aeb5842 · PMID 41961929 · PMCID PMC13068066 · OpenAlex W7153175071
Open access: gold, a free copy (OpenAlex)
Status: code verified
Categories: human (organism), mouse (organism), autism (population), systems (subfield)
Methods: Statistics, Connectivity, fMRI & imaging
MeSH: Autism Spectrum Disorder*, Autistic Disorder*, Cerebral Cortex*, Corpus Striatum*, Deep Brain Stimulation*, Self-Injurious Behavior*, Animals, Child, Disease Models, Animal, Electric Stimulation, Female, Humans, Male, Mice, Nucleus Accumbens (* major topic)
Topic: Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies (Neurology, Neuroscience), according to OpenAlex
Citations: cited by 1 paper (Europe PMC); 146 references in the paper

Abstract

Dysfunction of corticostriatal circuitry is related to the emergence of self-injurious behavior (SIB) in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Despite mounting interest in circuit-based interventions for severe, refractory SIB, the lack of causal evidence linking modulation of corticostriatal networks to changes in SIB has limited the advancement of effective, targeted therapies. In this study, we demonstrate that electrical stimulation of the nucleus accumbens (NAcc) mitigates SIB and induces structural changes along corticostriatal circuits in a mouse model relevant for ASD and children with severe SIB undergoing NAcc-targeted deep brain stimulation. In BTBR T+ Itpr3tf/J mice, NAcc stimulation selectively reduced injurious self-grooming—a behavioral metric of SIB—and led to morphological changes in corticostriatal networks. In children with severe SIB, electric stimulation at a locus of optimal therapeutic response within the NAcc engaged widespread sensorimotor, limbic, and striatal networks and induced longitudinal structural changes in fronto-limbic-striatal brain regions. These findings highlight the role of the fronto-limbic-striatal network in SIB regulation and support corticostriatal neuromodulation as a mechanistic therapy for these extreme behaviors.

Reproduced under the paper's license (CC BY-NC), from the paper cited above.

Repositories

Its files are read in the Code ↔ Paper reader above, with 2 matches between paragraphs and lines of code.

lead-dbs.org

License: none: the authors keep all their rights
State: the link answers, verified on 26 September 2026
Evidence: the link answers
Software Heritage: not checked
Found in: “Data, code, and materials availability:”
Not found: README, license file, CITATION.cff, environment file, tests, continuous integration, documentation
Availability: 1 check, the latest on 26 September 2026: the link answers (HTTP 200)
  • 26 September 2026: the link answers (HTTP 200)
At the source: lead-dbs.org/

CoBrALab/twolevel_ants_dbm

License: other
State: the link answers, verified on 29 September 2026
Evidence: files inventoried
Commit: c51e45ac513106b03bdaac61aca58d60c51bba64, 16 May 2025
Languages: Python (1)
Size: 6 files, 1 script
Software Heritage: not archived
Found in: “Data, code, and materials availability:”
Holds: README, license file, CITATION.cff, environment (requirements.txt)
Not found: tests, continuous integration, documentation
Availability: 1 check, the latest on 29 September 2026: the link answers
  • 29 September 2026: the link answers
3 files, not copied: shown from their source

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  • twolevel_dbm.py — Python, 944 lines, 1 match, shown from its source
  • LICENSE — License, 76 lines, shown from its source
  • README.md — Text, 240 lines, shown from its source

CoBrALab/optimized_antsMultivariateTemplateConstruction

License: other
State: the link answers, verified on 27 September 2026
Evidence: files inventoried
Commit: 477735b38736f9ba91f7e6372ab8eb77d8629bed, 21 September 2026
Languages: Shell (10), Python (4)
Size: 25 files, 14 scripts
Software Heritage: not archived
Found in: “Data, code, and materials availability:”
Holds: README, license file, CITATION.cff, documentation
Not found: environment file, tests, continuous integration
Tools: SimpleITK (4 files), NumPy (3 files), ANTs (2 files), SciPy (2 files), statsmodels (1 file)
Availability: 1 check, the latest on 27 September 2026: the link answers
  • 27 September 2026: the link answers
16 files, not copied: shown from their source

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The paper's code and data availability statement is in the Data section.

Tracing map

Proposed by the machine: these links were found in the paper and verified at the source, without human review. The map will receive a Zenodo DOI once one of the paper's authors has validated it with their ORCID.

What the map holds:

  • 3 repositories of the authors' code, each at its verified commit, with its license and how the link was found in the paper;
  • 15 scripts, each with its path and the digest of its content;
  • 2 matches between paragraphs of the paper and lines of the code (method lexical-v1);
  • neither the text of the paper nor the code itself.

Its JSON (tracing-map.json) is deposited on Zenodo with its DOI once the map is validated.

Data

Datasets cited

Data, code, and materials availability

All data and code needed to evaluate and reproduce the results in the paper are present in the paper and/or the Supplementary Materials. Code for electrode localization, modeling of the volume of activated tissue, and imaging connectomics are freely available in Lead-DBS (https://lead-dbs.org/). Structural (https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-024-03197-0) and functional (https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/KKTJQC) connectomes are publicly available. The code used for data-processing and human deformation-based morphometry analysis are available at http://dx.doi.org/10.52294/001c.133510, https://github.com/CoBrALab/twolevel_ants_dbm, and https://github.com/CoBrALab/optimized_antsMultivariateTemplateConstruction. This study did not generate new materials.

Reproduced under the paper's license (CC BY-NC), from the paper cited above.

Versions

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Version 1, 29 September 2026: the first record

Recorded: type, language, journal, volume, issue, pages, dates, 15 authors, 15 MeSH terms, 1 funder, 141 references.

Cite

This paper

Zhang, K., Germann, J., Matin, R., Mithani, K., Ellegood, J., Suresh, H., Wong, S., Lerch, J. P., Nieman, B. J., Taylor, M. J., Breitbart, S., Fasano, A., Gorodetsky, C., Gouveia, F. V., & Ibrahim, G. M. (2026). Regulation of autism-related self-injurious behavior by electrical stimulation of corticostriatal circuits in mice and humans. Science advances, 12(15), eaeb5842. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aeb5842

BibTeX

@article{zhang2026regulation,
author = {Zhang, Kristina and Germann, Jurgen and Matin, Rafi and Mithani, Karim and Ellegood, Jacob and Suresh, Hrishikesh and Wong, Sammi and Lerch, Jason P and Nieman, Brian J and Taylor, Margot J and Breitbart, Sara and Fasano, Alfonso and Gorodetsky, Carolina and Gouveia, Flavia Venetucci and Ibrahim, George M},
title = {{Regulation of autism-related self-injurious behavior by electrical stimulation of corticostriatal circuits in mice and humans}},
journal = {Science advances},
year = {2026},
month = apr,
volume = {12},
number = {15},
pages = {eaeb5842},
publisher = {American Association for the Advancement of Science},
issn = {2375-2548},
doi = {10.1126/sciadv.aeb5842},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aeb5842},
pmid = {41961929},
pmcid = {PMC13068066}
}

RIS

TY - JOUR
AU - Zhang, Kristina
AU - Germann, Jurgen
AU - Matin, Rafi
AU - Mithani, Karim
AU - Ellegood, Jacob
AU - Suresh, Hrishikesh
AU - Wong, Sammi
AU - Lerch, Jason P
AU - Nieman, Brian J
AU - Taylor, Margot J
AU - Breitbart, Sara
AU - Fasano, Alfonso
AU - Gorodetsky, Carolina
AU - Gouveia, Flavia Venetucci
AU - Ibrahim, George M
TI - Regulation of autism-related self-injurious behavior by electrical stimulation of corticostriatal circuits in mice and humans
T2 - Science advances
J2 - Sci Adv
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/04/10
VL - 12
IS - 15
SP - eaeb5842
SN - 2375-2548
PB - American Association for the Advancement of Science
DO - 10.1126/sciadv.aeb5842
UR - https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aeb5842
LA - en
ER -

CSL-JSON

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