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Brain-targeted extracellular vesicles for anti-cuproptosis therapy in subarachnoid haemorrhage.

Overview

Authors: Pengcheng Xu1,2, Jian Fang1, Feiyun Qin1, Dayong Xia1, Jinlong Yuan1, Bin Sheng1,2, Niansheng Lai1,2
ORCID iDs: Niansheng Lai
  1. Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), The Translational Research Institute for Neurological Disorders of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
  2. The Institutes of Brain Science, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
Journal: Stroke and vascular neurology, volume 11, issue 2, article e004248
Dates: received 21 March 2025; accepted 22 August 2025; published online 15 September 2025
Type: Research article · Language: English
License: CC BY-NC
Identifiers: DOI 10.1136/svn-2025-004248 · PMID 40953925 · PMCID PMC13151895 · OpenAlex W4414183391
Open access: gold, a free copy (OpenAlex)
Status: data only
Categories: mouse (organism), stroke (population)
Keywords: Hemorrhage, Intracranial Aneurysm, Subarachnoid, Stroke
MeSH: Brain*, Copper*, Extracellular Vesicles*, RNA, Small Interfering*, RNAi Therapeutics*, Subarachnoid Hemorrhage*, Animals, Blood-Brain Barrier, Cell Death, Disease Models, Animal, Male, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mitochondria (* major topic)
Topic: Intracranial Aneurysms: Treatment and Complications (Neurology, Medicine), according to OpenAlex
Funding: Institutes of Brain Science,Wannan Medical College (KF2024010); Scientific Research Program of Anhui Province (2022AH010073)
Citations: cited by 1 paper (Europe PMC); 35 references in the paper

Abstract

Background: Subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) is primarily caused by ruptured aneurysms with high mortality worldwide. Cuproptosis is a copper-induced cell death that regulates lipoylated tricarboxylic acid cycle proteins. The link between cuproptosis and SAH is unclear. To inhibit cuproptosis for SAH treatment, we designed brain-targeted delivery of siRNA to inhibit cuproptosis.

Methods: Transcriptome data of SAH related to cuprotosis were extracted from the Gene Expression Omnibus and defined using quantitative reverse transcription-PCR. We injected RVG-RBCEVs/siRNA (rabies virus glycoprotein-red blood cell extracellular vesicles/siRNA) peripherally to deliver LIAS (lipoyl synthase) siRNA to the brain tissues of SAH mice. The influences of RVG-RBCEVs/siRNA on copper levels, enrichment of cuproptosis functional proteins, glutathione and malondialdehyde content, mitochondrial respiration and membrane potential, transmission electron microscope, a neurological score, brain water content, blood–brain barrier injury and Fluoro-Jade C staining were examined.

Results: Our findings revealed that three cuproptosis-related genes (CRGs) were differentially expressed. The RVG peptides were conjugated to the red blood cell extracellular vesicle surface by bio-orthogonal click chemistry reactions, and then the loading of siRNA was conducted. RVG-RBCEVs/siRNA was selectively taken up by neurons but not glial cells; it facilitated the downregulation of LIAS of CRGs, reduced the accumulation of reactive oxygen species, inhibited neuronal cuprotosis and exerted neuroprotective effects in vivo.

Conclusions: These findings suggest that cuprotosis is critical for inducing neural injury after SAH. Neuron-targeted RVG-RBCEVs/siRNA treatment attenuated oxidative stress by inhibiting cuproptosis via suppressed LIAS expression. This innovative approach alleviates neurobehavioural impairments and represents a neuroprotective strategy following SAH.

Reproduced under the paper's license (CC BY-NC), from the paper cited above.

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Data availability statement

Data are available upon reasonable request.

Reproduced under the paper's license (CC BY-NC), from the paper cited above.

Versions

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Version 1, 30 September 2026: the first record

Recorded: type, language, journal, volume, issue, pages, dates, 7 authors, 4 keywords, 13 MeSH terms, 2 funders, 35 references.

Cite

This paper

Xu, P., Fang, J., Qin, F., Xia, D., Yuan, J., Sheng, B., & Lai, N. (2026). Brain-targeted extracellular vesicles for anti-cuproptosis therapy in subarachnoid haemorrhage. Stroke and vascular neurology, 11(2), e004248. https://doi.org/10.1136/svn-2025-004248

BibTeX

@article{xu2026brain,
author = {Xu, Pengcheng and Fang, Jian and Qin, Feiyun and Xia, Dayong and Yuan, Jinlong and Sheng, Bin and Lai, Niansheng},
title = {{Brain-targeted extracellular vesicles for anti-cuproptosis therapy in subarachnoid haemorrhage}},
journal = {Stroke and vascular neurology},
year = {2026},
month = apr,
volume = {11},
number = {2},
pages = {e004248},
publisher = {BMJ Publishing Group},
issn = {2059-8688},
doi = {10.1136/svn-2025-004248},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1136/svn-2025-004248},
pmid = {40953925},
pmcid = {PMC13151895}
}

RIS

TY - JOUR
AU - Xu, Pengcheng
AU - Fang, Jian
AU - Qin, Feiyun
AU - Xia, Dayong
AU - Yuan, Jinlong
AU - Sheng, Bin
AU - Lai, Niansheng
TI - Brain-targeted extracellular vesicles for anti-cuproptosis therapy in subarachnoid haemorrhage
T2 - Stroke and vascular neurology
J2 - Stroke Vasc Neurol
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/04/27
VL - 11
IS - 2
SP - e004248
SN - 2059-8688
PB - BMJ Publishing Group
DO - 10.1136/svn-2025-004248
UR - https://doi.org/10.1136/svn-2025-004248
LA - en
ER -

CSL-JSON

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