A 3.5-minute-long reading-based fMRI localizer for the language network.
The 7 matches
- [1] § Methods › Definition of functional regions of interest (fROIs) ↔ analysis/scripts/constants.py, lines 1–60 · score 0.89 · LAntTemp, LIFGorb, LPostTemp, LAngG, cingulate, parietal
- [2] § Methods › fMRI tasks › Language network localizer tasks › Standard language localizer task ↔ evlab_langloc_speeded/evlab_langloc_speeded.m, lines 1–41 · score 0.73 · blank screen, button pressing, instructed, counterbalanced, blocked, fixation
- [3] § Methods › fMRI tasks › Language network localizer tasks › Speeded language localizer task ↔ evlab_langloc_speeded/evlab_langloc_speeded.m, lines 1–41 · score 0.71 · blank screen, button presses, instructions, fast, blocks, fixation
- [4] § Results › The speeded language localizer can reliably localize language-responsive areas in individual participants › The fROIs defined by the speeded language localizer respond at least as strongly a ↔ analysis/scripts/constants.py, lines 1–60 · score 0.60 · medial frontal, anterior temporal, DMN, parcel
- [5] § Methods › fMRI tasks › Multiple Demand network localizer task ↔ evlab_langloc_speeded/evlab_langloc_speeded.m, lines 259–318 · score 0.60 · red cross, button press, fixation, respond
- [6] § Results › The speeded language localizer can reliably localize language-responsive areas in individual participants › The activation topography is similar between the standard and speeded language loc ↔ analysis/scripts/spatial_correlation_plots.py, lines 85–183 · score 0.59 · Dice overlap coefficient, Error bars, standard error, correlation, speeded, localizer
- [7] § Results › The speeded language localizer can reliably localize language-responsive areas in individual participants › The activation topography is similar between the standard and speeded language loc ↔ analysis/scripts/spatial_correlation_plots.py, lines 85–183 · score 0.54 · Fisher transformed, correlation coefficient, bars, match, speeded, localizer
Paper
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The authors' code
MATLAB · 343 lines · 10 KB · no license · 3 matches
- function evlab_langloc_speeded(subj_id, set, run)
- % Created By: Terri Scott ([email hidden]) 4/8/13,
- % edits by Greta Tuckute, summer 2021. edits by Aalok Sathe, 2022.
- % This is a language localizer experiment with two conditions - sentences
- % and nonwords. In each trial, 12 word-long sequences will be displayed one
- % word at a time followed by a prompt for the subject to push a button,
- % just to make sure they are paying attention.
- % The subject should be instructed to read each English word or nonword and
- % press a button when then image of a hand pressing a button is displayed.
- % Emphasis should be placed on paying attention to reading each sequence
- % and not to be stressed out if the sequence seems fast.
- % The trial timings are as follows: 100 ms of blank screen, 200 ms *
- % 12 words for 2400 ms of stimuli, 400 ms of the button press image, and
- % 100 ms of blank screen. The entire trial lasts for 3000 ms. The subject's
- % button press for a given trial will
- % be recorded if it occurs after the button press image and before the
- % same image of the subsequent trial.
- % 3 trials of a given condition will be grouped into a block. A run will
- % consist of 16 blocks in this sequence: Fix B1 B2 B3 B4 Fix B5 B6 B7 B8
- % Fix B9 B10 B11 B12 Fix B13 B14 B15 B16 Fix. Each fixation period will
- % last 14000 ms. Each run is 3 minutes, 34 s (214 s). 107 TRs, assuming TR=2s.
- % Argument definitions:
- % subj_id: Should be a string designating the subject.
- % run: The localizer is meant to be run twice. The run is the counter-balance number,
- % and should have the value 1 or 2 delineating the first or second run of the experiment.
- % The sequence of conditions are:
- % run = 1 : SNNS - NSNS - SNSN - NSSN
- % run = 2 : NSSN - SNSN - NSNS - SNNS
- % each 'S' or 'N' here is three 12-word-long items.
- % A structure 'subj_data' is created and saved to the pwd unless otherwise
- % specified. It will be saved as a .mat in the format:
- % evlab_langloc_speeded_2022_<subj_id>_fmri_run<run#>_data.mat.
- % If the output file already exists, it will be suffixed with the repeat #.
- %% Parameters to change
- Screen('Preference', 'SkipSyncTests', 1);
- % Screen('Preference','SyncTestSettings',.0004); % Run it with strict timing settings for testing
- Screen('Preference', 'DefaultFontSize', 200);
- KbName('UnifyKeyNames');
- screensAll = Screen('Screens');
- screenNum = max(screensAll); % Which screen you want to use. "1" is external monitor, "0" is this screen.
- my_key = '1!'; % What key gives a response.
- my_trigger = '=+'; % What key triggers the script from the scanner.
- do_suppress_warnings = 1; % You don't need to do this but I don't like the warning screen at the beginning.
- addpath([pwd filesep 'func']);
- DATA_DIR = [pwd filesep 'data']; % Where the subj_data will be saved.
- STIM_DIR = [pwd filesep 'new_stim']; % Where all the stimuli are.
- stim_font_size = 100;
- %% Define the output file
- file_to_save = ['evlab_langloc_speeded_2022_' subj_id '_fmri_run' num2str(run) '_set' num2str(set) '_data.mat'];
- % Error message if data file already exists.
- if exist([DATA_DIR filesep file_to_save],'file')
- all_files = dir([DATA_DIR filesep file_to_save]);
- all_files = {all_files.name};
- file_to_save = ['evlab_langloc_speeded_2022_' subj_id '_fmri_run' num2str(run) '_set' num2str(set) '_repeat' num2str(length(all_files)) '_data.mat'];
- end
- clear subj_data
- % Experiment settings
- num_of_trials = 48;
- num_of_fix = 5;
- word_time = 0.200;
- trial_time = 12*word_time + 0.600;
- %% Start experiment
- % Choose which stimuli set to use.
- % stim = load([STIM_DIR filesep 'langloc_fmri_run' num2str(run) '_stim_set' num2str(set) '.mat']); % under folder old_stim
- stim = load([STIM_DIR filesep 'speeded_langloc_2022_fmri_run' num2str(run) '_stim_set' num2str(set) '.mat']);
- stim = stim.stim;
- % Load variables needed later.
- img=imread([pwd filesep 'images' filesep 'hand-press-button-4.jpeg'], 'JPG');
- did_subj_respond = 0;
- r_count = 1;
- trial_times = zeros(48,1);
- for i = 1:num_of_trials
- if ismember(i,[13 25 37])
- trial_times(i) = trial_times(i-1) + 14.000 + trial_time;
- elseif i == 1
- trial_times(i) = 0.000;
- else
- trial_times(i) = trial_times(i-1) + trial_time;
- end
- end
- subj_data.id = subj_id;
- subj_data.did_respond = zeros(num_of_trials,1);
- subj_data.probe_onset = zeros(num_of_trials,1);
- subj_data.probe_response = zeros(num_of_trials,1);
- subj_data.trial_onsets = zeros(num_of_trials,1);
- subj_data.fix_onsets = zeros(num_of_fix,1);
- subj_data.condition = cell(num_of_trials,1);
- subj_data.stim = cell(num_of_trials,1);
- subj_data.run = run;
- % Update the conditions / stim in output structure
- for i = 1 : num_of_trials
- subj_data.stim{i}=strjoin(stim(i,2:13));
- subj_data.condition(i)=stim(i,14);
- end
- % Save all data to current folder.
- save([DATA_DIR filesep file_to_save], 'subj_data');
- % Screen preferences
- % Setting this preference to 1 suppresses the printout of warnings.
- oldEnableFlag = Screen('Preference', 'SuppressAllWarnings', do_suppress_warnings);
- % Open screen.
- [wPtr,~]=Screen('OpenWindow',screenNum,1);
- white=WhiteIndex(wPtr);
- scrColor = white;
- Screen('FillRect',wPtr,scrColor);
- Screen(wPtr, 'Flip');
- HideCursor;
- Screen('Preference', 'TextRenderer', 1);
- Screen('TextFont', wPtr, '-misc-fixed-medium-o-normal--13-120-75-75-c-70-iso8859-1');
- Screen('TextSize', wPtr , stim_font_size);
- DrawFormattedText(wPtr,'Waiting for scanner...','center','center');
- Screen(wPtr, 'Flip');
- % Pre-draw button press image
- textureIndex=Screen('MakeTexture', wPtr, double(img));
- % Get trigger from scanner.
- TRIGGER_KEY = [KbName('=+'), KbName('+')]; %,KbName('=')]; % ** AK changed this 081612 % if this doesn't work, change to '=+'
- while 1
- [keyIsDown, seconds, keyCode] = KbCheck(-3);
- if ismember(find(keyCode,1),TRIGGER_KEY) %keyCode(KbName(TRIGGER_KEY))
- break
- end
- WaitSecs('YieldSecs', 0.0001); % Wait for yieldInterval to prevent system overload.
- end
- subj_data.run_onset = GetSecs;
- %% Runs
- try
- % Fixation
- %Screen('TextSize', wPtr , 100); A.S. changed this to the below
- Screen('TextSize', wPtr , stim_font_size);
- DrawFormattedText(wPtr,'+','center','center');
- Screen(wPtr, 'Flip');
- subj_data.fix_onsets(1) = GetSecs;
- % Calculate trial onsets:
- subj_data.i_trial_onsets = (subj_data.run_onset+14.000) + trial_times;
- while GetSecs<14.000+subj_data.run_onset
- WaitSecs('YieldSecs', 0.0001);
- end
- % Start trials
- for i = 1:num_of_trials
- subj_data.trial_onsets(i) = GetSecs;
- stim_seq = stim(i,2:13);
- % White screen for 100 ms
- white=WhiteIndex(wPtr);
- Screen('FillRect',wPtr,scrColor);
- Screen(wPtr, 'Flip');
- while GetSecs<0.100+subj_data.i_trial_onsets(i)
- if did_subj_respond == 0
- did_subj_respond = getKeyResponse;
- end
- WaitSecs('YieldSecs', 0.0001);
- end
- % Sequence presentation 12 * 450 ms
- Screen('TextSize', wPtr , stim_font_size);
- for j = 1:12
- DrawFormattedText(wPtr,stim_seq{j},'center','center');
- Screen(wPtr, 'Flip');
- while GetSecs<word_time*j + 0.100 + subj_data.i_trial_onsets(i)
- if did_subj_respond == 0
- did_subj_respond = getKeyResponse;
- end
- WaitSecs('YieldSecs', 0.0001);
- end
- end
- % Present image for word_time (200 ms)
- subj_data.did_respond(r_count) = did_subj_respond;
- if i ~= 1
- r_count = r_count + 1;
- end
- did_subj_respond = 0;
- Screen('DrawTexture', wPtr, textureIndex);
- Screen(wPtr, 'Flip');
- subj_data.probe_onset(i) = GetSecs;
- while GetSecs<0.400+(12*word_time)+0.100+subj_data.i_trial_onsets(i)
- if did_subj_respond == 0
- did_subj_respond = getKeyResponse;
- end
- WaitSecs('YieldSecs', 0.0001);
- end
- % White screen for 100 ms
- Screen('FillRect',wPtr,scrColor);
- Screen(wPtr, 'Flip');
- while GetSecs<0.100+0.400+(12*word_time)+0.100+subj_data.i_trial_onsets(i)
- if did_subj_respond == 0
- did_subj_respond = getKeyResponse;
- end
- WaitSecs('YieldSecs', 0.0001);
- end
- if ismember(i,[12,24,36,48]) % Fixation occurs after every 12 trials or 4 blocks
- % Fixation
- %Screen('TextSize', wPtr , 100); % AS 20220331
- Screen('TextSize', wPtr , stim_font_size);
- DrawFormattedText(wPtr,'+','center','center');
- Screen(wPtr, 'Flip');
- subj_data.fix_onsets(i/12+1) = GetSecs;
- % 14s is fixation time; 100ms blank; 400ms is the button press img
- while GetSecs<14.000+0.100+0.400+(12*word_time)+0.100+subj_data.i_trial_onsets(i)
- if did_subj_respond == 0
- did_subj_respond = getKeyResponse;
- end
- WaitSecs('YieldSecs', 0.0001);
- end
- end
- end
- subj_data.runtime = GetSecs - subj_data.run_onset;
- subj_data.did_respond(r_count) = did_subj_respond;
- Screen('CloseAll');
- ShowCursor
- % Get reaction time.
- subj_data.rt = zeros(num_of_trials,1);
- responses = find(subj_data.did_respond);
- subj_data.rt(responses) = subj_data.probe_response(responses) - subj_data.probe_onset(responses);
- % Save all data to current folder.
- save([DATA_DIR filesep file_to_save], 'subj_data');
- catch err
- subj_data.did_respond(r_count) = did_subj_respond;
- % Get reaction time.
- subj_data.rt = zeros(num_of_trials,1);
- responses = find(subj_data.did_respond);
- subj_data.rt(responses) = subj_data.probe_response(responses) - subj_data.probe_onset(responses);
- subj_data.set=set;
- % Save all data to current folder.
- save([DATA_DIR filesep file_to_save], 'subj_data','err');
- % Fixation with red cross after trials end
- Screen('TextSize', wPtr , stim_font_size);
- DrawFormattedText(wPtr,'+','center','center', [255 0 0]);
- Screen(wPtr, 'Flip');
- Screen('CloseAll');
- ShowCursor
- end
- % At the end of your code, it is a good idea to restore the old level.
- Screen('Preference','SuppressAllWarnings',oldEnableFlag);
- %%
- % % % % % % % %
- % SUBFUNCTION %
- % % % % % % % %
- function out = getKeyResponse
- KEY1=KbName(my_key);
- [keyIsDown,x,keyCode]=KbCheck;
- if keyIsDown
- response=find(keyCode);
- if response==KEY1
- out = 1;
- subj_data.probe_response(r_count) = x;
- else
- out = 0;
- end
- else
- out = 0;
- end
- end
- end
evlab_langloc_speeded.m at commit 4c820ec, no license · at the source
Overview
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences and McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
- Kempner Institute for the Study of Natural and Artificial Intelligence at Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
Abstract
The field of human cognitive neuroscience is increasingly acknowledging inter-individual differences in the precise locations of functional areas and the corresponding need for individual-level analyses in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies. One approach to identifying functional areas and networks within individual brains is based on robust and extensively validated ‘localizer’ paradigms—contrasts of conditions that aim to isolate some mental process of interest. Here, we present a new version of a localizer for the fronto-temporal language-selective network. This localizer is similar to a commonly used localizer based on the reading of sentences and nonword sequences but uses speeded presentation (200 ms per word/
Reproduced under the paper's license (CC BY), from the paper cited above.
Repositories
Its files are read in the Code ↔ Paper reader above, with 7 matches between paragraphs and lines of code.
evlab.mit.edu/resources-all/download-localizer-tasks
Availability: 1 check, the latest on 28 September 2026: the link answers (HTTP 200)
- 28 September 2026: the link answers (HTTP 200)
el849/speeded_language_localizer
4c820ec2f76d953d604919c96bd37923929c789c, 14 February 2026Availability: 1 check, the latest on 28 September 2026: the link answers
- 28 September 2026: the link answers
12 files
- analysis/
scripts/ , Python, 149 linesSN_correlation_plots.py - analysis/
scripts/ , Python, 149 lines, 2 matchesconstants.py - analysis/
scripts/ , Python, 596 linesdice_coefficient_analysi s.py - analysis/
scripts/ , Python, 102 linesrepeated_session_analysi s.py - analysis/
scripts/ , Python, 402 lines, 2 matchesspatial_correlation_plot s.py - analysis/
scripts/ , Python, 720 linesstandard_vs_speeded_effe ctsize_plots.py - analysis/
stats/ , R, 541 lineslangloc_speeded_mkdown.R md - analysis/
stats/ , R, 541 lineslangloc_speeded_mkdown_i ncluding_angG.Rmd - evlab_langloc_speeded/
evlab_langloc_speeded.m , MATLAB, 343 lines, 3 matches - evlab_langloc_speeded/
func/ , MATLAB, 47 linessetUpPTBkeyboard.m - evlab_langloc_speeded/
func/ , MATLAB, 25 lineswaitForTrigger.m - README.md, Text, 26 lines
WuggyCode/wuggy
25de4ac1a608913bcdd633f312f3ac7dd2fead4a, 17 April 2026Availability: 1 check, the latest on 28 September 2026: the link answers
- 28 September 2026: the link answers
13 files
- sample.py, Python, 6 lines
- setup.py, Python, 26 lines
- wuggy/
__init__.py , Python, 4 lines - wuggy/
evaluators/ , Python, 1 line__init__.py - wuggy/
evaluators/ , Python, 68 linesld1nn.py - wuggy/
generators/ , Python, 1 line__init__.py - wuggy/
generators/ , Python, 813 lineswuggygenerator.py - wuggy/
plugins/ , Python, 1 line__init__.py - wuggy/
plugins/ , Python, 179 linesbaselanguageplugin.py - wuggy/
utilities/ , Python, 1 line__init__.py - wuggy/
utilities/ , Python, 174 linesbigramchain.py - LICENSE, License, 21 lines
- README.md, Text, 39 lines
The paper's code and data availability statement is in the Data section.
Tracing map
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Data
Datasets cited
Data and Code Availability
The scripts for running the speeded language localizer as well as the associated analyses can be found here: https://
Reproduced under the paper's license (CC BY), from the paper cited above.
Versions
The history of this record: each version stored by the harvester or made by a correction of its authors or of the maintainers of its code, and what changed in its facts. The texts of the paper (its abstract, its availability statements) are not part of it; versions that changed only those are not listed.
Version 2, 28 September 2026
- Funding: added Simons Foundation; Massachusetts Institute of Technology; National Institutes of Health: DC016607, NS121471; McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke: NS121471; NIH Blueprint for Neuroscience Research: DC016607
Version 1, 28 September 2026: the first record
Recorded: type, language, journal, volume, pages, dates, 4 authors, 6 keywords, 140 references.
Cite
This paper
Tuckute, G., Lee, E. J., Sathe, A., & Fedorenko, E. (2026). A 3.5-minute-long reading-based fMRI localizer for the language network. Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.), 4, IMAG.a.1246. https://
BibTeX
@article{tuckute20263,
author = {Tuckute, Greta and Lee, Elizabeth Jiachen and Sathe, Aalok and Fedorenko, Evelina},
title = {{A 3.5-minute-long reading-based fMRI localizer for the language network}},
journal = {Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)},
year = {2026},
month = may,
volume = {4},
pages = {IMAG.a.1246},
publisher = {MIT Press},
issn = {2837-6056},
doi = {10.1162/
url = {https://
pmid = {42212229},
pmcid = {PMC13214572}
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
AU - Tuckute, Greta
AU - Lee, Elizabeth Jiachen
AU - Sathe, Aalok
AU - Fedorenko, Evelina
TI - A 3.5-minute-long reading-based fMRI localizer for the language network
T2 - Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)
J2 - Imaging Neurosci (Camb)
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/
VL - 4
SP - IMAG.a.1246
SN - 2837-6056
PB - MIT Press
DO - 10.1162/
UR - https://
LA - en
ER -
CSL-JSON
{
"id": "10.1162/
"type": "article-journal",
"title": "A 3.5-minute-long reading-based fMRI localizer for the language network",
"container-title": "Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)",
"author": [
{
"family": "Tuckute",
"given": "Greta"
},
{
"family": "Lee",
"given": "Elizabeth Jiachen"
},
{
"family": "Sathe",
"given": "Aalok"
},
{
"family": "Fedorenko",
"given": "Evelina"
}
],
"container-title-short":
"volume": "4",
"page": "IMAG.a.1246",
"DOI": "10.1162/
"PMID": "42212229",
"PMCID": "PMC13214572",
"ISSN": "2837-6056",
"publisher": "MIT Press",
"URL": "https://
"language": "en",
"issued": {
"date-parts": [
[
2026,
5,
26
]
]
}
}
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