OSCR

The tissue-specific effects of glucose-lowering drug targets on aging mediated through DNA methylation: a multi-omics genetic study.

Code ↔ Paper

6 matches between paragraphs of the paper and lines of its authors' code, computed by the harvester (lexical-v1). Click a colored paragraph or line to see its counterpart.

The 6 matches
  1. [1] § Methods › Selection of genetic instruments for glucose-lowering drug targets ↔ R/ld.R, lines 1–25 · score 0.63 · clumping window, clumping r2, kb, LD, variants, SNP
  2. [2] § Methods › Statistical analysis › Genetic correlation analysis ↔ README.Rmd, lines 18–45 · score 0.60 · LD score regression, genetic correlations, LD reference, ancestry, heritability, traits
  3. [3] § Methods › Statistical analysis › Mendelian randomization analyses ↔ R/format_mr_results2.R, lines 137–214 · score 0.59 · inverse variance weighted, weighted median, Wald, ratio, exposures, MR
  4. [4] § Methods › Selection of genetic instruments for glucose-lowering drug targets ↔ R/multivariable_mr.R, lines 118–152 · score 0.58 · clumping r2, allele frequency, kb, trait, SNP, gene
  5. [5] § Methods › Statistical analysis › Mendelian randomization analyses ↔ R/forest_plot2.R, lines 1–53 · score 0.58 · inverse variance weighted, outcome GWAS, Wald, ratio, exposures, MR
  6. [6] § Methods › Statistical analysis › Genetic correlation analysis ↔ R/ldsc_h2.R, lines 1–41 · score 0.55 · LD score regression, heritability, ancestry, allele, traits, SNP

Paper

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The authors' code

R · 106 lines · 5 KB · other · 1 match

  1. #' Perform LD clumping on SNP data
  2. #'
  3. #' Uses PLINK clumping method, where SNPs in LD within a particular window will be pruned. The SNP with the lowest p-value is retained.
  4. #'
  5. #' @details
  6. #' This function interacts with the OpenGWAS API, which houses LD reference panels for the 5 super-populations in the 1000 genomes reference panel.
  7. #' It includes only bi-allelic SNPs with MAF > 0.01, so it's quite possible that a variant you want to include in the clumping process will be absent.
  8. #' If it is absent, it will be automatically excluded from the results.
  9. #'
  10. #' You can check if your variants are present in the LD reference panel using [ieugwasr::ld_reflookup()].
  11. #'
  12. #' This function does put load on the OpenGWAS servers, which makes life more difficult for other users.
  13. #' We have implemented a method and made available the LD reference panels to perform clumping locally, see [ieugwasr::ld_clump()] and related vignettes for details.
  14. #'
  15. #' @param dat Output from [format_data()]. Must have a SNP name column (`SNP`), SNP chromosome column (`chr_name`), SNP position column (`chrom_start`). If `id.exposure` or `pval.exposure` not present they will be generated.
  16. #' @param clump_kb Clumping window, default is `10000`.
  17. #' @param clump_r2 Clumping r2 cutoff. Note that this default value has recently changed from `0.01` to `0.001`.
  18. #' @param clump_p1 Clumping sig level for index SNPs, default is `1`.
  19. #' @param pop Super-population to use as reference panel. Default = `"EUR"`. Options are `"EUR"`, `"SAS"`, `"EAS"`, `"AFR"`, `"AMR"`. `'legacy'` also available - which is a previously used version of the EUR panel with a slightly different set of markers
  20. #' @param bfile If this is provided then will use the API. Default = `NULL`
  21. #' @param plink_bin If `NULL` and `bfile` is not `NULL` then will detect packaged plink binary for specific OS. Otherwise specify path to plink binary. Default = `NULL`
  22. #'
  23. #' @export
  24. #' @return Data frame
  25. clump_data <- function(
  26. dat,
  27. clump_kb = 10000,
  28. clump_r2 = 0.001,
  29. clump_p1 = 1,
  30. pop = "EUR",
  31. bfile = NULL,
  32. plink_bin = NULL
  33. ) {
  34. # .Deprecated("ieugwasr::ld_clump()")
  35. pval_column <- "pval.exposure"
  36. if (!is.data.frame(dat)) {
  37. stop("Expecting data frame returned from format_data().")
  38. }
  39. if ("pval.exposure" %in% names(dat) && "pval.outcome" %in% names(dat)) {
  40. message("pval.exposure and pval.outcome columns present. Using pval.exposure for clumping.")
  41. } else if (!"pval.exposure" %in% names(dat) && "pval.outcome" %in% names(dat)) {
  42. message("pval.exposure column not present, using pval.outcome column for clumping.")
  43. pval_column <- "pval.outcome"
  44. } else if (!"pval.exposure" %in% names(dat)) {
  45. message("pval.exposure not present, setting clumping p-value to 0.99 for all variants")
  46. dat$pval.exposure <- 0.99
  47. } else {
  48. pval_column <- "pval.exposure"
  49. }
  50. if (!"id.exposure" %in% names(dat)) {
  51. dat$id.exposure <- random_string(1)
  52. }
  53. d <- data.frame(rsid = dat$SNP, pval = dat[[pval_column]], id = dat$id.exposure)
  54. out <- ieugwasr::ld_clump(
  55. d,
  56. clump_kb = clump_kb,
  57. clump_r2 = clump_r2,
  58. clump_p = clump_p1,
  59. pop = pop,
  60. bfile = bfile,
  61. plink_bin = plink_bin
  62. )
  63. keep <- paste(dat$SNP, dat$id.exposure) %in% paste(out$rsid, out$id)
  64. return(dat[keep, ])
  65. }
  66. #' Get LD matrix for list of SNPs
  67. #'
  68. #' This function takes a list of SNPs and searches for them in a specified super-population in the 1000 Genomes phase 3 reference panel.
  69. #' It then creates an LD matrix of r values (signed, and not squared).
  70. #' All LD values are with respect to the major alleles in the 1000G dataset.
  71. #' You can specify whether the allele names are displayed.
  72. #'
  73. #' @details
  74. #' The data used for generating the LD matrix includes only bi-allelic SNPs with MAF > 0.01,
  75. #' so it's quite possible that a variant you want to include will be absent.
  76. #' If it is absent, it will be automatically excluded from the results.
  77. #'
  78. #' You can check if your variants are present in the LD reference panel using [ieugwasr::ld_reflookup()].
  79. #'
  80. #' This function does put load on the OpenGWAS servers, which makes life more difficult for other users,
  81. #' and has been limited to analyse only up to 500 variants at a time.
  82. #' We have implemented a method and made available the LD reference panels to perform the operation locally,
  83. #' see [ieugwasr::ld_matrix()] and related vignettes for details.
  84. #'
  85. #' @param snps List of SNPs.
  86. #' @param with_alleles Whether to append the allele names to the SNP names. The default is `TRUE`.
  87. #' @param pop Super-population to use as reference panel. Default = `"EUR"`. Options are `"EUR"`, `"SAS"`, `"EAS"`, `"AFR"`, `"AMR"`. `'legacy'` also available - which is a previously used version of the EUR panel with a slightly different set of markers.
  88. #'
  89. #' @export
  90. #' @return Matrix of LD r values
  91. ld_matrix <- function(snps, with_alleles = TRUE, pop = "EUR") {
  92. # .Deprecated("ieugwasr::ld_matrix()")
  93. ieugwasr::ld_matrix(
  94. variants = snps,
  95. with_alleles = with_alleles,
  96. pop = pop,
  97. x_api_source = x_api_source_header()
  98. )
  99. }

ld.R at commit d4df219, under other · at the source

Overview

Authors: Yuqi Sun1,2,3, Haonan Zheng1,2,4, Lanhui Huang1,2, Min Ma1,2, Rongrong Gu1,2,3, Manqing Wang1,2,3, Si Fang5,6, Yangbo Sun7, Qian Yang1,2,5, Yufang Bi1,2, Jie Zheng1,2,5
  1. Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,Shanghai, China
  2. Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, Shanghai Digital Medicine Innovation Center, Lifecycle Health Management Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,Shanghai, China
  3. College of Health Science and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,Shanghai, China
  4. College of Basic Medical Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,Shanghai, China
  5. MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol,Bristol, UK
  6. Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol,Bristol, UK
  7. Department of Preventive Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center,Memphis, TN USA
Journal: BMC medicine, volume 24, issue 1, article 442
Dates: received 7 October 2025; accepted 9 April 2026; published online 21 May 2026
Type: Research article · Language: English
License: CC BY-NC-ND
Identifiers: DOI 10.1186/s12916-026-04869-x · PMID 42163256 · PMCID PMC13471528 · OpenAlex W4415155464
Open access: gold, a free copy (OpenAlex)
Status: code verified
Categories: genetics / omics (modality), human (organism), other condition (population)
Methods: Statistics, Smoothing, state filtering, decompositions
Keywords: Aging, DNA methylation, Anti-aging drugs, Anti-diabetic drugs, Mendelian randomization
MeSH: Aging*, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2*, DNA Methylation*, Hypoglycemic Agents*, Epigenesis, Genetic, Humans, Mendelian Randomization Analysis, Multiomics, Organ Specificity, Quantitative Trait Loci (* major topic)
Topic: Epigenetics and DNA Methylation (Molecular Biology, Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology), according to OpenAlex
Funding: Roche University Research Fund (20240513); Students’ Innovation Training Program, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, China (1824955Y); National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFC2505203); Noncommunicable Chronic Diseases-National Science and Technology Major Project (2024ZD0531500, 2024ZD0531502); National Natural Science Foundation of China (32500519, 32570728); Shanghai Municipal Education Commission–Gaofeng Clinical Medicine Grant Support (20161307 and 20152508 Round 2)
Citations: not cited yet (Europe PMC); 80 references in the paper

Abstract

The abstract is not reproduced here: the paper's license (CC BY-NC-ND) does not allow it. Read it in the paper, at the publisher or on Europe PMC.

Repositories

Its files are read in the Code ↔ Paper reader above, with 6 matches between paragraphs and lines of code.

MRCIEU/TwoSampleMR

License: other
State: the link answers, verified on 27 September 2026
Evidence: files inventoried
Commit: d4df21929fdabeb2f89686ffaad0db5f56973d64, 25 September 2026
Languages: R (68)
Size: 238 files, 68 scripts
Software Heritage: not archived
Found in: “Data availability”
Holds: README, license file, CITATION.cff, environment (DESCRIPTION), tests, continuous integration, documentation, 8 notebooks
Tools: data.table (17 files), ggplot2 (10 files), tidyverse (5 files), cowplot (2 files), psych (2 files), car (1 file), glmnet (1 file), randomForest (1 file)
Availability: 1 check, the latest on 27 September 2026: the link answers
  • 27 September 2026: the link answers
71 files

mglev1n/ldscr

License: other
State: the link answers, verified on 28 September 2026
Evidence: files inventoried
Commit: d6b23694d8d4f6f2120c98a2c410cf1e455b9246, 18 August 2025
Languages: R (14), MATLAB (6)
Size: 67 files, 20 scripts
Software Heritage: archived
Found in: “Data availability”
Holds: README, license file, environment (DESCRIPTION), tests, continuous integration, documentation, 1 notebook
Not found: CITATION.cff
Tools: tidyverse (5 files), data.table (2 files), ggplot2 (2 files)
Availability: 1 check, the latest on 28 September 2026: the link answers
  • 28 September 2026: the link answers
23 files

The paper's code and data availability statement is in the Data section.

Tracing map

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What the map holds:

  • 2 repositories of the authors' code, each at its verified commit, with its license and how the link was found in the paper;
  • 88 scripts, each with its path and the digest of its content;
  • 6 matches between paragraphs of the paper and lines of the code (method lexical-v1);
  • neither the text of the paper nor the code itself.

Its JSON (tracing-map.json) is deposited on Zenodo with its DOI once the map is validated.

Data

No dataset and no data link were found in the paper.

Code and data availability statement

The paper has a code and data availability statement. Its license (CC BY-NC-ND) does not allow reproducing it here; in short, from what the harvester recognized in it:

Read it in the paper: doi.org/10.1186/s12916-026-04869-x.

Versions

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Version 1, 28 September 2026: the first record

Recorded: type, language, journal, volume, issue, pages, dates, 11 authors, 5 keywords, 10 MeSH terms, 6 funders, 79 references.

Cite

This paper

Sun, Y., Zheng, H., Huang, L., Ma, M., Gu, R., Wang, M., Fang, S., Sun, Y., Yang, Q., Bi, Y., & Zheng, J. (2026). The tissue-specific effects of glucose-lowering drug targets on aging mediated through DNA methylation: a multi-omics genetic study. BMC medicine, 24(1), 442. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-026-04869-x

BibTeX

@article{sun2026tissue,
author = {Sun, Yuqi and Zheng, Haonan and Huang, Lanhui and Ma, Min and Gu, Rongrong and Wang, Manqing and Fang, Si and Sun, Yangbo and Yang, Qian and Bi, Yufang and Zheng, Jie},
title = {{The tissue-specific effects of glucose-lowering drug targets on aging mediated through DNA methylation: a multi-omics genetic study}},
journal = {BMC medicine},
year = {2026},
month = may,
volume = {24},
number = {1},
pages = {442},
publisher = {BioMed Central},
issn = {1741-7015},
doi = {10.1186/s12916-026-04869-x},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-026-04869-x},
pmid = {42163256},
pmcid = {PMC13471528}
}

RIS

TY - JOUR
AU - Sun, Yuqi
AU - Zheng, Haonan
AU - Huang, Lanhui
AU - Ma, Min
AU - Gu, Rongrong
AU - Wang, Manqing
AU - Fang, Si
AU - Sun, Yangbo
AU - Yang, Qian
AU - Bi, Yufang
AU - Zheng, Jie
TI - The tissue-specific effects of glucose-lowering drug targets on aging mediated through DNA methylation: a multi-omics genetic study
T2 - BMC medicine
J2 - BMC Med
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/05/21
VL - 24
IS - 1
SP - 442
SN - 1741-7015
PB - BioMed Central
DO - 10.1186/s12916-026-04869-x
UR - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-026-04869-x
LA - en
ER -

CSL-JSON

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