<i>γ</i>-Aminobutyric acid enhances myogenesis and heat/cold stress resistance in bovine muscle satellite cells.
Overview
- Engineering Research Center of North-East Cold Region Beef Cattle Science & Technology Innovation, Ministry of Education, Department of Animal Science, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
- Medical College, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
Abstract
Introduction: γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the principal inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system and is involved in the development of neural tissue as well as the regulation of its functions. Meanwhile, GABA has also been demonstrated to confer multiple physiological benefits, including alleviating stress and improving metabolic homeostasis. This study investigated GABA effects on proliferation, differentiation, and temperature stress protection of bovine skeletal muscle satellite cells (BSCs).
Methods: BSCs were exposed to graded GABA concentrations for 24–96 h; based on CCK-8 and EdU assays, 0.5 and 1 mM were selected for mechanistic experiments (RT-qPCR, Western blot, immunofluorescence). We further evaluated GABA under heat (41 °C) and cold (4 °C) stress by measuring stress-related genes, antioxidant indices, Nrf2/
Results: GABA significantly promoted BSC proliferation (p < 0.05) by upregulating PCNA, Ki-67, CCND1, Pax3, and CDK2 mRNA, and enhanced myogenic differentiation (p < 0.05) by increasing MyoG, MyoD, and MyHC protein levels, with generally stronger effects at 0.5 mM. Under 41 °C, GABA reduced Hsp72, HSP-H1, HSP27, and HSP90 mRNA (p < 0.05), whereas at 4 °C it increased RBM3, CIRBP, and UCP2 mRNA and lowered intracellular ROS (p < 0.05). At 41 °C, 0.5 mM GABA elevated HO-1 protein (p < 0.05); at 4 °C, it upregulated Nrf2, HO-1, and NQO-1 mRNA, while HO-1 protein declined (p < 0.05). Transcriptomics revealed enrichment of the p53 and PI3K-Akt pathways at 41 °C and the p53 and FoxO pathways at 4 °C (key nodes: CDKN1A, ERBB3, HSPB1, CDK2, ESR2, CCNG2, FDFT1, CCNB1). In an in vivo rumen-protected GABA (RP-GABA) trial under different THI conditions, RP-GABA significantly increased body length at Temperature Humidity Index (THI) 45 and THI 63 (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: Across timepoints and indices, 0.5 mM GABA provided protection comparable to or better than 1 mM, suggesting 0.5 mM as the recommended comprehensive dose in vitro and offering molecular targets for functional feeds to improve ruminant resilience to temperature stress.
Reproduced under the paper's license (CC BY), from the paper cited above.
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Data
Datasets cited
- bioproject:PRJNA1441250 — at NCBI BioProject; found in “Data availability statement”
Data availability statement
The data presented in the study are deposited in the NCBI Sequence Read Archive (SRA) repository under BioProject accession number PRJNA1441250 and are publicly available at https://
Reproduced under the paper's license (CC BY), from the paper cited above.
Versions
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Version 1, 29 September 2026: the first record
Recorded: type, language, journal, volume, pages, dates, 8 authors, 5 keywords, 2 funders, 53 references.
Cite
This paper
Manzoor, A., Naseem, S., Fu, Z., Ruan, C., Liu, X., Yan, C., Choi, S., & Li, X. (2026). &
BibTeX
@article{manzoor2026lt,
author = {Manzoor, Abid and Naseem, Sajida and Fu, Zhiqi and Ruan, Chaohui and Liu, Xu and Yan, Chunri and Choi, Seongho and Li, Xiangzi},
title = {{\&
journal = {Frontiers in veterinary science},
year = {2026},
month = apr,
volume = {13},
pages = {1770540},
publisher = {Frontiers Media SA},
issn = {2297-1769},
doi = {10.3389/
url = {https://
pmid = {42058559},
pmcid = {PMC13120942}
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
AU - Manzoor, Abid
AU - Naseem, Sajida
AU - Fu, Zhiqi
AU - Ruan, Chaohui
AU - Liu, Xu
AU - Yan, Chunri
AU - Choi, Seongho
AU - Li, Xiangzi
TI - &
T2 - Frontiers in veterinary science
J2 - Front Vet Sci
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/
VL - 13
SP - 1770540
SN - 2297-1769
PB - Frontiers Media SA
DO - 10.3389/
UR - https://
LA - en
ER -
CSL-JSON
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