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Cigarette Smoke Exposure Attenuates T2R-Mediated Apoptosis in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

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Paper

Loaded from Europe PMC by your browser, not stored by OSCR: doi.org · Europe PMC

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The authors' code

Shell · 13 lines · 418 B · MIT

  1. #!/usr/bin/env bash
  3. # Customise the terminal command prompt
  4. echo "export PROMPT_DIRTRIM=2" >> $HOME/.bashrc
  5. echo "export PS1='\[\e[3;36m\]\w ->\[\e[0m\\] '" >> $HOME/.bashrc
  6. export PROMPT_DIRTRIM=2
  7. export PS1='\[\e[3;36m\]\w ->\[\e[0m\\] '
  9. # Update Nextflow
  10. nextflow self-update
  12. # Update welcome message
  13. echo "Welcome to the nf-core/rnaseq devcontainer!" > /usr/local/etc/vscode-dev-containers/first-run-notice.txt

setup.sh at commit a1fcddd, under MIT · at the source

Overview

Authors: Kyle Polen1, Sarah Sywanycz2, Gavin Turner1, Brianna L Hill2, Lily Huang1, Zoey A Miller2, Casey Hanna2, Lovely Raghav2, Devraj Basu2, Robert J Lee2,3, Ryan M Carey2
ORCID iDs: Kyle Polen, Lily Huang, Robert J Lee, Ryan M Carey
  1. Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
  2. Department of Otorhinolaryngology‐Head & Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania Health System, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
  3. Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
Institutions: University of Pennsylvania (United States); University of Pennsylvania Health System (United States)
Journal: Head & neck, volume 48, issue 10, pages 2745-2755
Dates: received 14 July 2025; accepted 14 April 2026; published online 25 April 2026; in print October 2026
Type: Research article · Language: English
License: CC BY
Identifiers: DOI 10.1002/hed.70290 · PMID 42033132 · PMCID PMC13595459 · OpenAlex W7155637010
Open access: hybrid, a free copy (OpenAlex)
Status: code verified
Categories: human (organism), other condition (population), cellular / molecular (subfield)
Methods: Spectral & time-frequency, Statistics
Keywords: apoptosis, bitter taste receptors (T2Rs), calcium signaling, cigarette smoke condensate (CSC), head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC)
MeSH: Apoptosis*, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell*, Head and Neck Neoplasms*, Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled*, Smoke*, Calcium Signaling, Cell Line, Tumor, Humans, Signal Transduction, Smoking, Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck, Taste Receptors, Type 2 (* major topic)
Topic: Cell death mechanisms and regulation (Molecular Biology, Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology), according to OpenAlex
Funding: NIH HHS (AI167971, DE034474, HL168060); NCI NIH HHS (UH2 CA267502); NIDCR NIH HHS (R01 DE034056, R01 DE034474); National Institutes of Health (AI167971, DE034474, HL168060); NIAID NIH HHS (R01 AI167971); NHLBI NIH HHS (R01 HL168060)
Citations: not cited yet (Europe PMC); 54 references in the paper
Research resources: β‐actin RRID:AB_2242334, RRID:AB_2798429, HRP‐conjugated secondary antibodies RRID:AB_3717730, HRP‐conjugated secondary antibodies RRID:AB_631746

Abstract

Background: Tobacco use is associated with worse outcomes in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Bitter taste receptor (T2R) activation induces apoptosis via calcium‐dependent signaling, and higher T2R expression correlates with increased survival in HNSCC. However, the effects of cigarette smoke on T2R signaling remain unclear.

Methods: HNSCC cell lines were treated with cigarette smoke condensate (CSC). T2R expression was measured by qPCR, and function evaluated by calcium imaging, viability, and apoptosis assays following stimulation with denatonium benzoate and flufenamic acid. T2R expression was also assessed in patient‐derived tumor tissue and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA).

Results: CSC reduced T2R expression, impaired calcium signaling, and diminished T2R‐mediated apoptosis, particularly in SCC47 cells. Lower expression was observed in CSC‐exposed patient‐derived tumor tissue and TCGA tumors from smokers versus nonsmokers.

Conclusions: Cigarette smoke disrupts T2R signaling and reduces apoptosis in HNSCC, suggesting a mechanism by which ongoing tobacco use may alter tumor biology and treatment response.

Reproduced under the paper's license (CC BY), from the paper cited above.

Repository

Its files are read in the Code ↔ Paper reader above.

nf-core/rnaseq

License: MIT
State: the link answers, verified on 27 September 2026
Evidence: files inventoried
Commit: a1fcdddd3b826fe46eb46f0479f2ff8a7815af05, 23 September 2026
Languages: Python (6), R (4), Shell (2), Perl (1)
Size: 851 files, 13 scripts
Software Heritage: archived
Found in: the text, “The Cancer Genome Atlas Analysis”
Holds: README, license file, environment (.devcontainer/devcontainer.json, .devcontainer/setup.sh, modules/local/deseq2_qc/environment.yml, modules/local/preprocess_transcripts_fasta_gencode/environment.yml, modules/local/star_genomeparams_upgrade/environment.yml, modules/nf-core/dupradar/environment.yml, modules/nf-core/fastp/environment.yml, modules/nf-core/fastqc/environment.yml, modules/nf-core/gffread/environment.yml, modules/nf-core/gunzip/environment.yml, modules/nf-core/multiqc/environment.yml, modules/nf-core/ribodetector/environment.gpu.yml), continuous integration, documentation
Not found: CITATION.cff, tests
Tools: DESeq2 (1 file), ggplot2 (1 file), Nextflow (1 file), pheatmap (1 file)
Availability: 1 check, the latest on 27 September 2026: the link answers
  • 27 September 2026: the link answers
15 files
At the source: github.com/nf-core/rnaseq

Tracing map

Proposed by the machine: these links were found in the paper and verified at the source, without human review. The map will receive a Zenodo DOI once one of the paper's authors has validated it with their ORCID.

What the map holds:

  • 1 repository of the authors' code, each at its verified commit, with its license and how the link was found in the paper;
  • 13 scripts, each with its path and the digest of its content;
  • no match between paragraphs and code yet;
  • neither the text of the paper nor the code itself.

Its JSON (tracing-map.json) is deposited on Zenodo with its DOI once the map is validated.

Data

No dataset and no data link were found in the paper.

Data Availability Statement

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

Reproduced under the paper's license (CC BY), from the paper cited above.

Versions

The history of this record: each version stored by the harvester or made by a correction of its authors or of the maintainers of its code, and what changed in its facts. The texts of the paper (its abstract, its availability statements) are not part of it; versions that changed only those are not listed.

Version 1, 30 September 2026: the first record

Recorded: type, language, journal, volume, issue, pages, dates, 11 authors, 5 keywords, 12 MeSH terms, 6 funders, 53 references, 4 RRIDs.

Cite

This paper

Polen, K., Sywanycz, S., Turner, G., Hill, B. L., Huang, L., Miller, Z. A., Hanna, C., Raghav, L., Basu, D., Lee, R. J., & Carey, R. M. (2026). Cigarette Smoke Exposure Attenuates T2R-Mediated Apoptosis in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Head & neck, 48(10), 2745-2755. https://doi.org/10.1002/hed.70290

BibTeX

@article{polen2026cigarette,
author = {Polen, Kyle and Sywanycz, Sarah and Turner, Gavin and Hill, Brianna L and Huang, Lily and Miller, Zoey A and Hanna, Casey and Raghav, Lovely and Basu, Devraj and Lee, Robert J and Carey, Ryan M},
title = {{Cigarette Smoke Exposure Attenuates T2R-Mediated Apoptosis in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma}},
journal = {Head \& neck},
year = {2026},
month = apr,
volume = {48},
number = {10},
pages = {2745--2755},
publisher = {Wiley},
issn = {1043-3074},
doi = {10.1002/hed.70290},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1002/hed.70290},
pmid = {42033132},
pmcid = {PMC13595459}
}

RIS

TY - JOUR
AU - Polen, Kyle
AU - Sywanycz, Sarah
AU - Turner, Gavin
AU - Hill, Brianna L
AU - Huang, Lily
AU - Miller, Zoey A
AU - Hanna, Casey
AU - Raghav, Lovely
AU - Basu, Devraj
AU - Lee, Robert J
AU - Carey, Ryan M
TI - Cigarette Smoke Exposure Attenuates T2R-Mediated Apoptosis in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
T2 - Head & neck
J2 - Head Neck
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/04/25
VL - 48
IS - 10
SP - 2745
EP - 2755
SN - 1043-3074
PB - Wiley
DO - 10.1002/hed.70290
UR - https://doi.org/10.1002/hed.70290
LA - en
ER -

CSL-JSON

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"container-title": "Head & neck",
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"family": "Polen",
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"volume": "48",
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The tracing map gets a citation of its own once an author has validated it and it has a DOI.

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