Uncovering Spatiotemporal and Functional Dynamics of Long Non-coding RNAs During Alzheimer's Progression in the Human Brain at Single-Cell Resolution.
The 12 matches
- [1] § Methods › snRNA-seq Data Processing and Quality Control ↔ lncAD_importing.R, lines 226–312 · score 0.91 · SCTransform, FindClusters, FindNeighbors, RunPCA, RunUMAP, regressing
- [2] § Methods › Pseudobulk-based Intercellular Gene Expression Profiles Comparison ↔ lncAD_celltype_comparison.R, lines 220–261 · score 0.84 · Variance stabilizing transformation, DESeqDataSetFromMatrix, DESeq2, AggregateExpression, AD stage, Seurat
- [3] § Methods › snRNA-seq Data Processing and Quality Control ↔ lncAD_PAGA_prepare.R, lines 47–88 · score 0.80 · FindClusters, FindNeighbors, RunPCA, RunUMAP, Seurat, clustering
- [4] § Methods › Genomic Regions Tracking ↔ lncAD_cis_act.R, lines 213–251 · score 0.79 · findOverlaps, GRanges, GenomicFeatures, Overlapping genes, tx, cis
- [5] § Methods › Graph-based Intercellular Gene Expression Profiles Comparison ↔ lncAD_PAGA_prepare.R, lines 175–225 · score 0.76 · H5AD, SaveH5Seurat, Scanpy, PAGA, subset, tissue
- [6] § Methods › Genomic Regions Tracking ↔ lncAD_custom_plots.R, lines 470–510 · score 0.70 · TxDb, genomic windows, Tracking, Transcript, gene
- [7] § Methods › Cell Type Annotation and Quantification ↔ lncAD_intro.R, lines 127–165 · score 0.62 · ScType, Seurat metadata, confidence, scores, clusters, matrix
- [8] § Methods › Graph-based Intercellular Gene Expression Profiles Comparison ↔ lncAD_PAGA.py, lines 34–94 · score 0.58 · PAGA graphs, Scanpy, weights, connectivity, Cell
- [9] § Methods › Differential Expression Analysis ↔ lncAD_importing.R, lines 226–312 · score 0.58 · PrepSCTFindMarkers, Seurat, filtered, tissue, AD
- [10] § Results › Intercellular Expression Reveals Convergent Progression Across Brain Regions ↔ lncAD_intro.R, lines 127–165 · score 0.58 · oligodendrocyte precursor cells, ScType, classified, OPCs, clusters, AD
- [11] § Results › Cell-Type-Specific lncRNA Dynamics is Shaped By Tissue Context During AD Progression ↔ lncAD_DEG_plot.R, lines 1507–1552 · score 0.53 · Pan cellular, glial cell, Mixed, Neuronal, neurons, genes
- [12] § Methods › Differential Expression Analysis ↔ lncAD_diff_exp.R, lines 82–135 · score 0.50 · FindMarkers, MAST, latent, Pairwise, AD
Paper
Loaded from Europe PMC by your browser, not stored by OSCR: doi.org · Europe PMC
The paper is loaded when this pane is shown.
The authors' code
R · 312 lines · 8 KB · no license · 2 matches
- ############################################################
- # Install required packages (run once if not installed)
- ############################################################
- install.packages("Seurat")
- install.packages("dplyr")
- install.packages("Matrix")
- install.packages("stringr")
- install.packages("hdf5r")
- install.packages("Tidyomics")
- ############################################################
- # Load required libraries
- ############################################################
- library(Seurat)
- library(dplyr)
- library(Matrix)
- library(stringr)
- library(hdf5r)
- library(Tidyomics)
- ############################################################
- # NOTE: Download GEO dataset externally (bash example)
- # wget "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/download/?acc=GSE147528&format=file" -O GSE147528_all_files.tar
- # tar -xvf GSE147528_all_files.tar
- ############################################################
- ############################################################
- # Import dataset GSE147528 (10X HDF5 format)
- ############################################################
- # Define path to dataset directory
- data_dir <- "/home/allanca/AD_studies/GSE147528"
- # Define sample table mapping GSM IDs to sample names
- sample_table <- read.table(text = "
- GSM4432635 SFG2
- GSM4432636 SFG1
- GSM4432637 SFG3
- GSM4432638 SFG4
- GSM4432639 SFG6
- GSM4432640 SFG7
- GSM4432641 SFG5
- GSM4432642 SFG9
- GSM4432643 SFG8
- GSM4432644 SFG10
- GSM4432645 EC2
- GSM4432646 EC1
- GSM4432647 EC3
- GSM4432648 EC4
- GSM4432649 EC6
- GSM4432650 EC7
- GSM4432651 EC5
- GSM4432652 EC9
- GSM4432653 EC8
- GSM4432654 EC10
- ", col.names = c("GSM", "Sample"))
- # Initialize list to store Seurat objects
- seurat_list <- list()
- # Loop through samples and read each H5 matrix
- for (i in seq_len(nrow(sample_table))) {
- # Extract GSM ID and sample name
- gsm <- sample_table$GSM[i]
- sample <- sample_table$Sample[i]
- # Build file path
- file_path <- file.path(data_dir, paste0(gsm, "_", sample, "_raw_gene_bc_matrices_h5.h5"))
- # Read 10X HDF5 file
- data <- Read10X_h5(file_path)
- # Create Seurat object
- seurat_obj <- CreateSeuratObject(counts = data, project = sample, min.cells = 3, min.features = 200)
- # Add sample metadata
- seurat_obj$sample_id <- sample
- # Store object in list
- seurat_list[[sample]] <- seurat_obj
- }
- # Merge all Seurat objects into one
- combined <- merge(seurat_list[[1]], y = seurat_list[-1], add.cell.ids = names(seurat_list), project = "GSE147528")
- # Extract metadata
- metadados <- combined[[]]
- # Inspect metadata
- View(metadados)
- # Count cells per sample
- table(metadados$orig.ident)
- ############################################################
- # Import dataset GSE157827 (Matrix Market format)
- ############################################################
- # Define data directory
- data_dir <- "/home/allanca/AD_studies/GSE157827"
- # List matrix files
- matrix_files <- list.files(data_dir, pattern = "_matrix.mtx.gz$", full.names = TRUE)
- # Initialize list
- seurat_list <- list()
- # Loop through each sample matrix
- for (matrix_file in matrix_files) {
- # Extract prefix without suffix
- prefix <- sub("_matrix.mtx.gz", "", matrix_file)
- # Extract sample name (AD or NC)
- sample <- str_extract(prefix, "(AD|NC)[0-9]+")
- # Build associated file paths
- barcodes_file <- paste0(prefix, "_barcodes.tsv.gz")
- features_file <- paste0(prefix, "_features.tsv.gz")
- # Read matrix and annotation files
- mat <- readMM(matrix_file)
- features <- read.delim(features_file, header = FALSE)
- barcodes <- read.delim(barcodes_file, header = FALSE)
- # Assign gene and cell names
- rownames(mat) <- make.unique(features$V2)
- colnames(mat) <- barcodes$V1
- # Create Seurat object
- seu <- CreateSeuratObject(counts = mat, project = sample, min.cells = 3, min.features = 200)
- # Add metadata
- seu$orig.ident <- sample
- seu$sample_id <- sample
- # Store object
- seurat_list[[sample]] <- seu
- }
- # Merge all samples
- seu_combined <- merge(x = seurat_list[[1]], y = seurat_list[-1])
- # Inspect sample distribution
- table(seu_combined$orig.ident)
- # Extract metadata
- metadados <- seu_combined[[]]
- table(metadados$orig.ident)
- ############################################################
- # Subset only male samples
- ############################################################
- male_samples <- c(
- "AD1","AD2","AD5","AD6","AD8","AD10","AD20","AD21",
- "NC3","NC7","NC11","NC12","NC16","NC17"
- )
- # Subset Seurat object
- seu_male <- subset(seu_combined, subset = orig.ident %in% male_samples)
- ############################################################
- # Merge both datasets (GSE147528 + GSE157827)
- ############################################################
- combined_all <- merge(
- x = combined,
- y = seu_male,
- add.cell.ids = c("SFG_EC", "PFC"),
- project = "RNA"
- )
- # Extract metadata
- metadatas <- combined_all[[]]
- ############################################################
- # Calculate mitochondrial gene percentage
- ############################################################
- combined_all <- PercentageFeatureSet(combined_all, pattern = "^MT-", col.name = "percent.mt")
- # Log2 transform mitochondrial percentage
- combined_all$percent.mt.log2 <- log(combined_all$percent.mt)
- # Generate violin plot
- p <- VlnPlot(combined_all, features = "percent.mt")
- # Save plot
- ggsave("percent_mt_violinplot.png", plot = p, width = 6, height = 4)
- pdf("percent_mt_violinplot.pdf", width = 6, height = 4)
- print(p)
- dev.off()
- # Save raw merged object
- saveRDS(combined_all, "combined_all.rds")
- ############################################################
- # Filter low-quality cells
- ############################################################
- combined_all_filt <- subset(
- combined_all,
- subset = nFeature_RNA > 200 &
- nFeature_RNA < 2500 &
- percent.mt < 20
- )
- ############################################################
- # Reload saved object if necessary
- ############################################################
- combined_all <- readRDS("combined_all.rds")
- ############################################################
- # Standard Seurat processing pipeline
- ############################################################
- combined_all_f <- SCTransform(combined_all_filt, vars.to.regress = "percent.mt")
- combined_all_f <- RunPCA(combined_all_f)
- combined_all_f <- RunUMAP(combined_all_f, dims = 1:20)
- combined_all_f <- FindNeighbors(combined_all_f, dims = 1:20, verbose = FALSE)
- combined_all_f <- FindClusters(combined_all_f, verbose = FALSE, resolution = seq(0,1,0.1))
- ############################################################
- # Metadata processing
- ############################################################
- # Extract metadata
- checkMeta <- combined_all_f[[]]
- # Extract tissue name from sample ID
- checkMeta$tissue <- gsub("[^A-Za-z]", "", checkMeta$orig.ident)
- # Combine AD and NC labels
- checkMeta$tissue <- ifelse(checkMeta$tissue %in% c("AD", "NC"), "AD_NC", checkMeta$tissue)
- # Assign tissue annotation to Seurat object
- combined_all_f$tissue <- checkMeta$tissue
- # Inspect metadata
- visualizeee <- combined_all_f[[]]
- # Save processed object
- write_rds(combined_all_f, "Allan_alz_combined_data.rds")
- ############################################################
- # Visualization
- ############################################################
- # UMAP split by tissue
- DimPlot(combined_all_f, split.by = "tissue", group.by = "SCT_snn_res.0.1")
- # Dopaminergic neuron markers
- dopaminergic_markers <- c(
- "TH",
- "SLC6A3",
- "DDC"
- )
- # Feature plot
- FeaturePlot(combined_all_f, split.by = "tissue", features = dopaminergic_markers)
- ############################################################
- # Differential expression analysis
- ############################################################
- # Prepare SCT object for marker detection
- combined_all_f <- PrepSCTFindMarkers(combined_all_f)
- # Save processed object
- write_rds(combined_all_f, "Allan_alz_combined_data.rds")
- # Find markers for cluster 11 vs all other clusters
- res_c11_vs_all <- FindMarkers(
- combined_all_f,
- ident.1 = "11",
- group.by = "SCT_snn_res.0.1",
- logfc.threshold = 0
- )
- # Export results
- write.csv(res_c11_vs_all, "Tables/DE_cluster11vsall.csv")
lncAD_importing.R at commit f5f55d4, no license · at the source
Overview
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, MG Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG Brazil
- International Joint Research Centre On Purinergic Signalling, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137 China
- School of Health and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137 China
Abstract
Increasing prevalence of Alzheimer’s disease, driven by population aging, highlights the need to investigate its underlying molecular mechanisms. Within this context, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as a key regulatory layer. To advance the understanding of lncRNA dysregulation and function during Alzheimer’s disease progression, we reanalyzed publicly available single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) datasets. The selected transcriptomic datasets were integrated and subjected to differential expression and genomic co-localization correlation analyses to infer putative cis-regulatory mechanisms. Our results reveal conserved cell-type composition and a shared transcriptional trajectory across brain regions during Alzheimer’s disease progression. In contrast, lncRNAs displayed marked cell-type and context specificity and formed coordinated expression patterns with neighboring genes within defined chromatin contexts. These associations suggest potential cis-regulatory roles and implicate lncRNAs in processes such as synaptic plasticity and maladaptive oligodendrocyte differentiation linked to myelin dysfunction. While these findings are primarily hypothesis-generating, they provide a cross-regional framework and a prioritized set of candidate lncRNAs for future functional investigation in Alzheimer’s disease.
Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/
Reproduced under the paper's license (CC BY), from the paper cited above.
Repository
Its files are read in the Code ↔ Paper reader above, with 12 matches between paragraphs and lines of code.
Allan-bqi/lncRNAs-AD
f5f55d4cd681916f70f98bddb84f0f5551cdbfb2, 21 March 2026Availability: 1 check, the latest on 30 September 2026: the link answers
- 30 September 2026: the link answers
19 files
- lncAD_DEG_plot.R, R, 1,811 lines, 1 match
- lncAD_PAGA.py, Python, 135 lines, 1 match
- lncAD_PAGA_downstream.R, R, 380 lines
- lncAD_PAGA_prepare.R, R, 225 lines, 2 matches
- lncAD_celltype_compariso
n.R , R, 808 lines, 1 match - lncAD_celltype_proportio
n.R , R, 184 lines - lncAD_cis_act.R, R, 798 lines, 1 match
- lncAD_custom_plots.R, R, 976 lines, 1 match
- lncAD_diff_exp.R, R, 252 lines, 1 match
- lncAD_enrich.R, R, 493 lines
- lncAD_importing.R, R, 312 lines, 2 matches
- lncAD_integration_test.R
, R, 58 lines - lncAD_intro.R, R, 458 lines, 2 matches
- lncAD_lnc_targets_plots.
R , R, 362 lines - lncAD_singularity.R, R, 290 lines
- lncAD_target_priorizatio
n.R , R, 263 lines - lncAD_target_priorizatio
n2.R , R, 424 lines - lncAD_validation.R, R, 937 lines
- README.md, Text, not shown here
The paper's code and data availability statement is in the Data section.
Tracing map
Proposed by the machine: these links were found in the paper and verified at the source, without human review. The map will receive a Zenodo DOI once one of the paper's authors has validated it with their ORCID.
What the map holds:
- 1 repository of the authors' code, each at its verified commit, with its license and how the link was found in the paper;
- 18 scripts, each with its path and the digest of its content;
- 12 matches between paragraphs of the paper and lines of the code (method lexical-v1);
- neither the text of the paper nor the code itself.
Its JSON (tracing-map.json) is deposited on Zenodo with its DOI once the map is validated.
Data
Datasets cited
- geo:GSE147528, at NCBI GEO; found in “Data Availability”
Data Availability
Transcriptome data is available at Gene Omnibus (GEO) repository from NCBI, under their original IDs: GSE157827 (https://
Reproduced under the paper's license (CC BY), from the paper cited above.
Versions
The history of this record: each version stored by the harvester or made by a correction of its authors or of the maintainers of its code, and what changed in its facts. The texts of the paper (its abstract, its availability statements) are not part of it; versions that changed only those are not listed.
Version 1, 30 September 2026: the first record
Recorded: type, language, journal, volume, issue, pages, dates, 9 authors, 6 keywords, 8 MeSH terms, 4 funders, 81 references.
Cite
This paper
de Carvalho, A., Mamede, I., Sanches, L., Juvenal, G., Viero, F. T., Franco, G. R., Tang, Y., Reis, E. M., & Ulrich, H. (2026). Uncovering Spatiotemporal and Functional Dynamics of Long Non-coding RNAs During Alzheimer's Progression in the Human Brain at Single-Cell Resolution. Molecular neurobiology, 63(1), 599. https://
BibTeX
@article{decarvalho2026u
author = {de Carvalho, Allan and Mamede, Izabela and Sanches, Leonardo and Juvenal, Guilherme and Viero, Fernanda Tibolla and Franco, Gloria Regina and Tang, Yong and Reis, Eduardo Moraes and Ulrich, Henning},
title = {{Uncovering Spatiotemporal and Functional Dynamics of Long Non-coding RNAs During Alzheimer's Progression in the Human Brain at Single-Cell Resolution}},
journal = {Molecular neurobiology},
year = {2026},
month = apr,
volume = {63},
number = {1},
pages = {599},
publisher = {Springer Science+Business Media},
issn = {0893-7648},
doi = {10.1007/
url = {https://
pmid = {42060014},
pmcid = {PMC13132975}
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
AU - de Carvalho, Allan
AU - Mamede, Izabela
AU - Sanches, Leonardo
AU - Juvenal, Guilherme
AU - Viero, Fernanda Tibolla
AU - Franco, Gloria Regina
AU - Tang, Yong
AU - Reis, Eduardo Moraes
AU - Ulrich, Henning
TI - Uncovering Spatiotemporal and Functional Dynamics of Long Non-coding RNAs During Alzheimer's Progression in the Human Brain at Single-Cell Resolution
T2 - Molecular neurobiology
J2 - Mol Neurobiol
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/
VL - 63
IS - 1
SP - 599
SN - 0893-7648
PB - Springer Science+Business Media
DO - 10.1007/
UR - https://
LA - en
ER -
CSL-JSON
{
"id": "10.1007/
"type": "article-journal",
"title": "Uncovering Spatiotemporal and Functional Dynamics of Long Non-coding RNAs During Alzheimer's Progression in the Human Brain at Single-Cell Resolution",
"container-title": "Molecular neurobiology",
"author": [
{
"family": "de Carvalho",
"given": "Allan"
},
{
"family": "Mamede",
"given": "Izabela"
},
{
"family": "Sanches",
"given": "Leonardo"
},
{
"family": "Juvenal",
"given": "Guilherme"
},
{
"family": "Viero",
"given": "Fernanda Tibolla"
},
{
"family": "Franco",
"given": "Gloria Regina"
},
{
"family": "Tang",
"given": "Yong"
},
{
"family": "Reis",
"given": "Eduardo Moraes"
},
{
"family": "Ulrich",
"given": "Henning"
}
],
"container-title-short":
"volume": "63",
"issue": "1",
"page": "599",
"DOI": "10.1007/
"PMID": "42060014",
"PMCID": "PMC13132975",
"ISSN": "0893-7648",
"publisher": "Springer Science+Business Media",
"URL": "https://
"language": "en",
"issued": {
"date-parts": [
[
2026,
4,
30
]
]
}
}
The tracing map gets a citation of its own once an author has validated it and it has a DOI.
Similar papers
The papers with a page that share the most with this one: the tools found in their code, their categories, datasets, cited references and authors, the rarest counting most.
- [1] doi:10.1038/s41586-026-10629-x [code]
- Whole-genome duplication shaped cell-type evolution in the vertebrate brain.Journal: NatureIn common: reticulate, rstatix, anndata, 13 other tools, genetics / omics, cellular / molecular, 2 references
- [2] doi:10.1038/s41467-026-73007-1 [code]
- Single-nucleus epigenomic dysregulation unmasks genetic risk-associated neurodegenerative glia states.Journal: Nature communicationsIn common: anndata, circlize, Scanpy, 9 other tools, Alzheimer's / dementia, genetics / omics, cellular / molecular, 6 references
- [3] doi:10.1016/j.xcrm.2026.102766 [code]
- A longitudinal single-cell and spatial multiomic atlas of pediatric high-grade glioma.Journal: Cell reports. MedicineIn common: anndata, igraph, circlize, 12 other tools, genetics / omics, cellular / molecular, 3 references
- [4] doi:10.1038/s42003-026-10034-0 [code]
- Region- and cell type-specific changes in gene expression in the cerebellum after classical fear conditioning.Journal: Communications biologyIn common: reticulate, rstatix, anndata, 11 other tools, genetics / omics, cellular / molecular, 3 references
- [5] doi:10.1002/imt2.70163 [code]
- Spatial multi-omics unveils sphingolipid metabolic reprogramming within the retinal pathological niche.Journal: iMetaIn common: rstatix, anndata, igraph, 13 other tools, genetics / omics, cellular / molecular
- [6] doi:10.1186/s13059-026-04177-w [code]
- Genomic sequence evolution underlying human neocortical interareal diversification.Journal: Genome biologyIn common: reticulate, rstatix, anndata, 12 other tools, genetics / omics, cellular / molecular, 1 reference
- [7] doi:10.1038/s41586-026-10214-2 [code]
- Multidimensional profiling of heterogeneity in supratentorial ependymomas.Journal: NatureIn common: reticulate, anndata, igraph, 13 other tools, genetics / omics
- [8] doi:10.1126/sciadv.aeg3223 [code]
- The extreme diversity of retinal amacrine cells has deep evolutionary roots.Journal: Science advancesIn common: reticulate, rstatix, anndata, 12 other tools, genetics / omics, cellular / molecular
- [9] doi:10.1038/s41467-026-71803-3 [code]
- Charting the transition from in vitro gliogenesis to the in vivo maturation of human glial progenitor cells transplanted into the hypomyelinated mouse brain.Journal: Nature communicationsIn common: reticulate, anndata, DESeq2, 10 other tools, genetics / omics, cellular / molecular, 3 references
- [10] doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btag592 [code]
- Network-based stratification of allele-specific expression reveals patient subgroups in Huntington's disease.Journal: Bioinformatics (Oxford, England)In common: reticulate, rstatix, igraph, 11 other tools, genetics / omics, 2 references
Contribute
The authors of this paper can claim it, correct its record and validate its tracing map, and the maintainers of its code (its owner, or a public member of its organization) correct what it says of their repository; anyone signed in can ask for its removal. Every request goes to OSCR's own machine, which answers it; your account page follows them.
Sign in with ORCID to claim this paper as one of its authors, correct its record or validate its tracing map: when the paper's metadata lists your ORCID iD, you are recognized at once. Maintainers of its code: sign in with GitHub, then claim the repository on your account page.
Claim this paper
Correct its record
Say what each link of this record is, remove the ones that are not the paper's, add the ones that are missing. The correction becomes a new version of the record, in its Versions section.
Validate its tracing map
You validate the map as this page shows it: 1 repository of the authors' code, each at its verified commit and with its license, 18 scripts, and 12 matches between paragraphs and code (see the Code and Map sections). It then receives a DOI on Zenodo, with you (your ORCID iD) and OSCR as its creators; the code itself is not deposited.
The map's fingerprint: sha256:85c9c245286cb2ff…
Add the badge to its README
The badge links the code to this page. Copy one of these into the README of the paper's code: only you decide where it goes, and nothing is changed for you.
Markdown
[, paste the snippet at the top, then “Commit changes…” and, to review it first, “Create a new branch and start a pull request”. You open the pull request; OSCR asks for no permission.
Request its removal
To ask OSCR to remove this record, the copies of its authors' scripts or its tracing map, use the removal request page: signed in, you say who you are, what to remove and why, then review and confirm the request. Published rules decide every request (how).
Discussion, reproductions, activity
Discussion: questions and error reports about this paper and its code, from signed-in readers and its authors. It opens with sign-in.
Reproductions: reports from readers who ran the authors' code: what they reproduced, with which environment, commit and data. It opens with sign-in.
Activity: what happens around this paper: new versions of its record, its map's validation, discussions and reproductions. It opens with sign-in.
