OSCR

Brain FGF2 and NCAM1 contribute to FGFR1-dependent progression of estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer brain metastases.

Overview

Authors: Morgan S. Fox1, Jenny A. Jaramillo-Gómez1, R. Alejandro Marquez-Ortiz1, Karen L. F. Alvarez-Eraso1, Maria J. Contreras-Zárate1, Trinh C. Pham1, Elaina N. Barela1, Stella N. Koliavas1, Peter Kabos2,3, Natalie J. Serkova3,4, Carol A. Sartorius1,3, Elizabeth A. Wellberg5,6,7, Diana M. Cittelly1,3
  1. Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz,Aurora, CO USA
  2. Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz,Aurora, CO USA
  3. University of Colorado Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Colorado Anschutz,Aurora, CO USA
  4. Department of Radiology, University of Colorado Anschutz,Aurora, CO USA
  5. Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center,Oklahoma City, OK USA
  6. Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center,Oklahoma City, OK USA
  7. Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center,Oklahoma City, OK USA
Journal: Nature communications, volume 17, issue 1, article 6945
Dates: received 26 June 2025; accepted 19 May 2026; published online 28 May 2026
Type: Research article · Language: English
License: CC BY
Identifiers: DOI 10.1038/s41467-026-73726-5 · PMID 42209519 · PMCID PMC13388965 · OpenAlex W7162690060
Open access: gold, a free copy (OpenAlex)
Status: data only
Categories: human (organism), mouse (organism), other condition (population), cellular / molecular (subfield)
Methods: Statistics, Smoothing, state filtering, decompositions, Evoked potentials, fMRI & imaging
Keywords: Breast cancer, Metastasis, Ageing
MeSH: Brain*, Brain Neoplasms*, Breast Neoplasms*, Fibroblast Growth Factor 2*, Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules*, Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 1*, Receptors, Estrogen*, Animals, Astrocytes, Cell Line, Tumor, Cell Movement, Disease Progression, Estrogens, Female, Humans, Mice, Neurons, Signal Transduction (* major topic)
Topic: Brain Metastases and Treatment (Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Medicine), according to OpenAlex
Funding: DOD (W81XWH-22-1-0042); National Cancer Institute (R37CA227984, R01CA258766)
Citations: not cited yet (Europe PMC); 89 references in the paper

Abstract

Estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer represents a significant proportion of breast cancer brain metastasis but remains understudied. Here we show that FGFR1-amplification, a well-established driver of estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer endocrine resistance, promotes estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer brain metastatic colonization in young and aged female mice, through both canonical FGF2/FGFR1 signaling and non-canonical NCAM1/FGFR1 interactions. Astrocytic FGF2-mediated paracrine activation of FGFR1 promotes breast cancer brain metastasis in estrogen-treated young mice, but FGF2 levels and signaling decrease in the brain with aging and estrogen-depletion. Neuronal and astrocytic NCAM1, which remain unchanged in young and aged brains, promote adhesion to neurons, migration, and growth of estrogen receptor-positive cells, suggesting that interactions with astrocytes and neurons facilitate early estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer brain metastasis colonization through FGFR1. Importantly, FDA-approved FGFR inhibitors effectively block early colonization but not late-stage brain metastases, suggesting prevention of FGFR1+ brain metastases as a window of opportunity for FGFR1 inhibitors.

Reproduced under the paper's license (CC BY), from the paper cited above.

Code

The paper links to its data, not to its authors' code: see the Data section.

Code availability

All information is provided in the Methods, including packages, software, and pipelines. No custom code was generated during these studies.

Reproduced under the paper's license (CC BY), from the paper cited above.

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Data

Datasets cited

Data availability

The Digital Spatial Profiling and RNA-sequencing data generated in this study have been deposited in the NCBI’s Gene Expression Omnibus under accession codes GSE301400 (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE301400) and GSE301558 (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE301558). Source data are provided with this paper.

Reproduced under the paper's license (CC BY), from the paper cited above.

Versions

The history of this record: each version stored by the harvester or made by a correction of its authors or of the maintainers of its code, and what changed in its facts. The texts of the paper (its abstract, its availability statements) are not part of it; versions that changed only those are not listed.

Version 1, 28 September 2026: the first record

Recorded: type, language, journal, volume, issue, pages, dates, 13 authors, 3 keywords, 18 MeSH terms, 2 funders, 80 references, 3 RRIDs.

Cite

This paper

Fox, M. S., Jaramillo-Gómez, J. A., Marquez-Ortiz, R. A., Alvarez-Eraso, K. L. F., Contreras-Zárate, M. J., Pham, T. C., Barela, E. N., Koliavas, S. N., Kabos, P., Serkova, N. J., Sartorius, C. A., Wellberg, E. A., & Cittelly, D. M. (2026). Brain FGF2 and NCAM1 contribute to FGFR1-dependent progression of estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer brain metastases. Nature communications, 17(1), 6945. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-73726-5

BibTeX

@article{fox2026brain,
author = {Fox, Morgan S. and Jaramillo-Gómez, Jenny A. and Marquez-Ortiz, R. Alejandro and Alvarez-Eraso, Karen L. F. and Contreras-Zárate, Maria J. and Pham, Trinh C. and Barela, Elaina N. and Koliavas, Stella N. and Kabos, Peter and Serkova, Natalie J. and Sartorius, Carol A. and Wellberg, Elizabeth A. and Cittelly, Diana M.},
title = {{Brain FGF2 and NCAM1 contribute to FGFR1-dependent progression of estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer brain metastases}},
journal = {Nature communications},
year = {2026},
month = may,
volume = {17},
number = {1},
pages = {6945},
publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
issn = {2041-1723},
doi = {10.1038/s41467-026-73726-5},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-73726-5},
pmid = {42209519},
pmcid = {PMC13388965}
}

RIS

TY - JOUR
AU - Fox, Morgan S.
AU - Jaramillo-Gómez, Jenny A.
AU - Marquez-Ortiz, R. Alejandro
AU - Alvarez-Eraso, Karen L. F.
AU - Contreras-Zárate, Maria J.
AU - Pham, Trinh C.
AU - Barela, Elaina N.
AU - Koliavas, Stella N.
AU - Kabos, Peter
AU - Serkova, Natalie J.
AU - Sartorius, Carol A.
AU - Wellberg, Elizabeth A.
AU - Cittelly, Diana M.
TI - Brain FGF2 and NCAM1 contribute to FGFR1-dependent progression of estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer brain metastases
T2 - Nature communications
J2 - Nat Commun
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/05/28
VL - 17
IS - 1
SP - 6945
SN - 2041-1723
PB - Nature Publishing Group
DO - 10.1038/s41467-026-73726-5
UR - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-73726-5
LA - en
ER -

CSL-JSON

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