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BrainFusionNet: a deep learning and XAI model to understand local, global, and sequential features of MRI images for improved brain tumour detection.

Overview

Authors: Md Taimur Ahad1, Bo Song2, Yan Li1
ORCID iDs: Md Taimur Ahad
  1. School of Mathematics, Physics and Computing, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350 Australia
  2. School of Engineering, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350 Australia
Institutions: University of Southern Queensland (Australia)
Journal: Brain informatics, volume 13, issue 1, article 21
Dates: received 4 April 2026; accepted 5 April 2026; published online 28 April 2026
Type: Research article · Language: English
License: CC BY-NC-ND
Identifiers: DOI 10.1186/s40708-026-00303-3 · PMID 42050292 · PMCID PMC13237402 · OpenAlex W7157716633
Open access: gold, a free copy (OpenAlex)
Status: dead link
Categories: structural MRI / diffusion (modality), other condition (population), methods / tools (subfield)
Keywords: Brain tumor detection, Convolutional neural network, Deep learning, CNN, Transfer learning, Ensemble model, Disease detection
Topic: Brain Tumor Detection and Classification (Neurology, Neuroscience), according to OpenAlex
Funding: University of Southern Queensland
Citations: not cited yet (Europe PMC); 73 references in the paper

Abstract

The abstract is not reproduced here: the paper's license (CC BY-NC-ND) does not allow it. Read it in the paper, at the publisher or on Europe PMC.

Code

No file of the authors' code could be read here: it is described below, and read at its source.

kaggle.com/code/ahmedhamada0

License: none: the authors keep all their rights
State: the link is dead, verified on 30 September 2026
Evidence: found in the paper
Software Heritage: not checked
Found in: “Data availability”
Not found: README, license file, CITATION.cff, environment file, tests, continuous integration, documentation
Availability: 1 check, the latest on 30 September 2026: the link is dead (HTTP 404)
  • 30 September 2026: the link is dead (HTTP 404)

The paper's code and data availability statement is in the Data section.

Tracing map

Proposed by the machine: these links were found in the paper and verified at the source, without human review. The map will receive a Zenodo DOI once one of the paper's authors has validated it with their ORCID.

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  • 1 repository of the authors' code, each at its verified commit, with its license and how the link was found in the paper;
  • 0 scripts, each with its path and the digest of its content;
  • no match between paragraphs and code yet;
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Its JSON (tracing-map.json) is deposited on Zenodo with its DOI once the map is validated.

Data

Datasets cited

Code and data availability statement

The paper has a code and data availability statement. Its license (CC BY-NC-ND) does not allow reproducing it here; in short, from what the harvester recognized in it:

Read it in the paper: doi.org/10.1186/s40708-026-00303-3.

Versions

The history of this record: each version stored by the harvester or made by a correction of its authors or of the maintainers of its code, and what changed in its facts. The texts of the paper (its abstract, its availability statements) are not part of it; versions that changed only those are not listed.

Version 1, 30 September 2026: the first record

Recorded: type, language, journal, volume, issue, pages, dates, 3 authors, 7 keywords, 1 funder, 30 references.

Cite

This paper

Ahad, M. T., Song, B., & Li, Y. (2026). BrainFusionNet: a deep learning and XAI model to understand local, global, and sequential features of MRI images for improved brain tumour detection. Brain informatics, 13(1), 21. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40708-026-00303-3

BibTeX

@article{ahad2026brainfusionnet,
author = {Ahad, Md Taimur and Song, Bo and Li, Yan},
title = {{BrainFusionNet: a deep learning and XAI model to understand local, global, and sequential features of MRI images for improved brain tumour detection}},
journal = {Brain informatics},
year = {2026},
month = apr,
volume = {13},
number = {1},
pages = {21},
publisher = {Springer},
issn = {2198-4018},
doi = {10.1186/s40708-026-00303-3},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1186/s40708-026-00303-3},
pmid = {42050292},
pmcid = {PMC13237402}
}

RIS

TY - JOUR
AU - Ahad, Md Taimur
AU - Song, Bo
AU - Li, Yan
TI - BrainFusionNet: a deep learning and XAI model to understand local, global, and sequential features of MRI images for improved brain tumour detection
T2 - Brain informatics
J2 - Brain Inform
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/04/28
VL - 13
IS - 1
SP - 21
SN - 2198-4018
PB - Springer
DO - 10.1186/s40708-026-00303-3
UR - https://doi.org/10.1186/s40708-026-00303-3
LA - en
ER -

CSL-JSON

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The tracing map gets a citation of its own once an author has validated it and it has a DOI.

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