CSF1R+ macrophage and osteoclast depletion impairs neural crest proliferation and craniofacial morphogenesis.
The 2 matches
- [1] § MATERIALS AND METHODS › Single-cell RNA sequencing data analysis ↔ E12_5 and E13_5 craniofacial mesenchyme Csf1r cell expression.R, lines 44–98 · score 0.84 · quality cells, DimPlot, FindClusters, FindNeighbors, variable features, Gene
- [2] § RESULTS › Gestational exposure to PLX5622 alters cytokine and chemokine secretion from CSF1R+ cells ↔ E12_5 and E13_5 craniofacial mesenchyme Csf1r cell expression.R, lines 100–153 · score 0.56 · expressing cells, Lyve1, Ptprc, Tnf, Ctsk, Ccl12
Paper
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The authors' code
R · 153 lines · 7.4 KB · no license · 2 matches
- #https://satijalab.org/seurat/articles/pbmc3k_tutorial.html
- #Load packages
- library(dplyr)
- library(Seurat)
- library(patchwork)
- library(clustree)
- #Load datasets
- angelozzi_e12.5.data <- Read10X(data.dir = "~/Angelozzi et al 10.1016j.celrep.2022.111045/E12.5")
- angelozzi_e13.5.data <- Read10X(data.dir = "~/Angelozzi et al 10.1016j.celrep.2022.111045/E13.5")
- rajderkar <- readRDS(file = "~/Rajderkar et al 10.1038s41467-024-46396-4/GSE235753_2021-05-23_seurat.face.rds")
- #Create Seurat object from counts
- angelozzi_e12.5 <- CreateSeuratObject(counts = angelozzi_e12.5.data, project = "angelozzi_e12.5", min.cells = 3, min.features = 200)
- angelozzi_e13.5 <- CreateSeuratObject(counts = angelozzi_e13.5.data, project = "angelozzi_e13.5", min.cells = 3, min.features = 200)
- #Check metadata labels for RDS file
- head([email hidden], 1)
- #Find unique values in "stage" metadata
- unique([email hidden]$stage)
- #Subset E12.5 untransfected cells (no cells found for E13.5)
- rajderkar_e12.5 <- subset(rajderkar, subset = stage == "e12.5")
- rajderkar_e12.5 <- subset(rajderkar, subset = element_transfected == "none")
- #Reset previous UMAP and analyses from RDS file that will not be used
- DefaultAssay(object = rajderkar_e12.5) <- "RNA"
- rajderkar_e12.5[["SCT"]] <- NULL
- rajderkar_e12.5[["HTO"]] <- NULL
- rajderkar_e12.5[["integrated"]] <- NULL
- DietSeurat(rajderkar_e12.5,
- dimreducs = NULL,
- graphs = NULL,
- misc = TRUE)
- rajderkar_e12.5[["RNA"]]$data <- NULL
- Idents(rajderkar_e12.5) <- "rajderkar_e12.5"
- #Calculate mtDNA percent for raw data
- angelozzi_e12.5[["percent.mt"]] <- PercentageFeatureSet(angelozzi_e12.5, pattern = "^mt-")
- angelozzi_e13.5[["percent.mt"]] <- PercentageFeatureSet(angelozzi_e13.5, pattern = "^mt-")
- #Plot Feature Scatter for counts, features, mtDNA to check QC
- plot1 <- FeatureScatter(angelozzi_e12.5, feature1 = "nCount_RNA", feature2 = "percent.mt")
- plot2 <- FeatureScatter(angelozzi_e12.5, feature1 = "nCount_RNA", feature2 = "nFeature_RNA")
- plot1 + plot2
- plot1 <- FeatureScatter(angelozzi_e13.5, feature1 = "nCount_RNA", feature2 = "percent.mt")
- plot2 <- FeatureScatter(angelozzi_e13.5, feature1 = "nCount_RNA", feature2 = "nFeature_RNA")
- plot1 + plot2
- #Filter out poor quality cells based on Feature Scatter
- angelozzi_e12.5 <- subset(angelozzi_e12.5, subset = nFeature_RNA < 6000 & nCount_RNA < 20000 & percent.mt < 20)
- angelozzi_e13.5 <- subset(angelozzi_e13.5, subset = nFeature_RNA < 7000 & nCount_RNA < 35000 & percent.mt < 15)
- rajderkar_e12.5 <- subset(rajderkar_e12.5, subset = nFeature_RNA > 1500 & nFeature_RNA < 7500)
- #Normalize datasets
- angelozzi_e12.5 <- NormalizeData(angelozzi_e12.5)
- angelozzi_e13.5 <- NormalizeData(angelozzi_e13.5)
- rajderkar_e12.5 <- NormalizeData(rajderkar_e12.5)
- #Subset out Csf1r cells
- angelozzi_e12.5 <- subset(angelozzi_e12.5, subset = Csf1r > 0)
- angelozzi_e13.5 <- subset(angelozzi_e13.5, subset = Csf1r > 0)
- rajderkar_e12.5 <- subset(rajderkar_e12.5, subset = Csf1r > 0)
- #Merge datasets
- e12.5_13.5_Csf1r <- merge(angelozzi_e12.5, y = c(angelozzi_e13.5, rajderkar_e12.5), add.cell.ids = c("angelozzi_e12.5", "angelozzi_e13.5", "rajderkar_e12.5"), project = "e12.5_13.5_Csf1r")
- #Normalize data again
- e12.5_13.5_Csf1r <- NormalizeData(e12.5_13.5_Csf1r)
- #Scale data
- all.genes <- rownames(e12.5_13.5_Csf1r)
- e12.5_13.5_Csf1r <- ScaleData(e12.5_13.5_Csf1r, features = all.genes)
- #Find variable features, run PCA and elbow plot
- e12.5_13.5_Csf1r <- FindVariableFeatures(e12.5_13.5_Csf1r, selection.method = "vst", nfeatures = 2000)
- e12.5_13.5_Csf1r <- RunPCA(e12.5_13.5_Csf1r, features = VariableFeatures(object = e12.5_13.5_Csf1r))
- ElbowPlot(e12.5_13.5_Csf1r)
- #Find neighbors, test UMAP clustering, and use clustree
- e12.5_13.5_Csf1r <- FindNeighbors(e12.5_13.5_Csf1r, dims = 1:15)
- # Clustering with a few different resolutions
- for (res in c(0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8)) {
- e12.5_13.5_Csf1r <- FindClusters(e12.5_13.5_Csf1r, graph.name = "RNA_snn", resolution = res)}
- # Visualize different resolutions
- e12.5_13.5_Csf1r <- RunUMAP(e12.5_13.5_Csf1r, dims = 1:15)
- wrap_plots(
- DimPlot(e12.5_13.5_Csf1r, reduction = "umap", group.by = "RNA_snn_res.0.4", label=T) + ggtitle("res_0.4"),
- DimPlot(e12.5_13.5_Csf1r, reduction = "umap", group.by = "RNA_snn_res.0.5", label=T) + ggtitle("res_0.5"),
- DimPlot(e12.5_13.5_Csf1r, reduction = "umap", group.by = "RNA_snn_res.0.6", label=T) + ggtitle("res_0.6"),
- DimPlot(e12.5_13.5_Csf1r, reduction = "umap", group.by = "RNA_snn_res.0.7", label=T) + ggtitle("res_0.7"),
- DimPlot(e12.5_13.5_Csf1r, reduction = "umap", group.by = "RNA_snn_res.0.8", label=T) + ggtitle("res_0.8"),
- ncol = 3
- )
- clustree([email hidden], prefix = "RNA_snn_res.")
- #Select resolution
- e12.5_13.5_Csf1r <- FindClusters(e12.5_13.5_Csf1r, resolution = 0.6)
- DimPlot(e12.5_13.5_Csf1r, reduction = "umap",label=T)
- #Join layers
- e12.5_13.5_Csf1r[["RNA"]] <- JoinLayers(e12.5_13.5_Csf1r[["RNA"]])
- #Find markers for every cluster compared to all remaining cells, top 30
- e12.5_13.5_Csf1r.markers <- FindAllMarkers(e12.5_13.5_Csf1r, only.pos = TRUE, min.pct=0.25)
- e12.5_13.5_Csf1r.markers %>%
- group_by(cluster) %>%
- dplyr::filter(avg_log2FC > 1)
- max.clusters <- max(as.numeric(as.character(e12.5_13.5_Csf1r.markers$cluster)))
- for(x in 0:max.clusters) {
- print(head(e12.5_13.5_Csf1r.markers[e12.5_13.5_Csf1r.markers$cluster == x,],30))}
- #Subset out hemoglobin-expressing cells that are likely contamination
- e12.5_13.5_Csf1r <- subset(e12.5_13.5_Csf1r, subset = RNA_snn_res.0.5 == 0, invert = TRUE)
- #Normalize data again
- e12.5_13.5_Csf1r <- NormalizeData(e12.5_13.5_Csf1r)
- #Scale data
- all.genes <- rownames(e12.5_13.5_Csf1r)
- e12.5_13.5_Csf1r <- ScaleData(e12.5_13.5_Csf1r, features = all.genes)
- #Find variable features, run PCA and elbow plot
- e12.5_13.5_Csf1r <- FindVariableFeatures(e12.5_13.5_Csf1r, selection.method = "vst", nfeatures = 2000)
- e12.5_13.5_Csf1r <- RunPCA(e12.5_13.5_Csf1r, features = VariableFeatures(object = e12.5_13.5_Csf1r))
- ElbowPlot(e12.5_13.5_Csf1r)
- #Find neighbors, test UMAP clustering, and use clustree
- e12.5_13.5_Csf1r <- FindNeighbors(e12.5_13.5_Csf1r, dims = 1:15)
- # Clustering with a few different resolutions
- for (res in c(0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5)) {
- e12.5_13.5_Csf1r <- FindClusters(e12.5_13.5_Csf1r, graph.name = "RNA_snn", resolution = res)}
- # Visualize different resolutions
- e12.5_13.5_Csf1r <- RunUMAP(e12.5_13.5_Csf1r, dims = 1:15)
- wrap_plots(
- DimPlot(e12.5_13.5_Csf1r, reduction = "umap", group.by = "RNA_snn_res.0.1", label=T) + ggtitle("res_0.1"),
- DimPlot(e12.5_13.5_Csf1r, reduction = "umap", group.by = "RNA_snn_res.0.2", label=T) + ggtitle("res_0.2"),
- DimPlot(e12.5_13.5_Csf1r, reduction = "umap", group.by = "RNA_snn_res.0.3", label=T) + ggtitle("res_0.3"),
- DimPlot(e12.5_13.5_Csf1r, reduction = "umap", group.by = "RNA_snn_res.0.4", label=T) + ggtitle("res_0.4"),
- DimPlot(e12.5_13.5_Csf1r, reduction = "umap", group.by = "RNA_snn_res.0.5", label=T) + ggtitle("res_0.5"),
- ncol = 3)
- clustree([email hidden], prefix = "RNA_snn_res.")
- #Select resolution
- e12.5_13.5_Csf1r <- FindClusters(e12.5_13.5_Csf1r, resolution = 0.2)
- e12.5_13.5_Csf1r$seurat_clusters <- as.factor(as.numeric(as.character(e12.5_13.5_Csf1r$seurat_clusters)) + 1)
- DimPlot(e12.5_13.5_Csf1r, reduction = "umap",label=T)
- #Violin plots
- VlnPlot(e12.5_13.5_Csf1r, features = c("Csf1r", "Lyve1", "Ptprc","Ctsk","Ccl2","Ccl3","Ccl4","Ccl12","Cxcl2","Cxcl10","Il16","Tnf"))
E12_5 and E13_5 craniofacial mesenchyme Csf1r cell expression.R at commit 14c46de, no license · at the source
Overview
- Craniofacial Science Graduate Program, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
- Life Sciences Institute, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
- Doctor of Dental Medicine Program, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
- Division of Periodontics and Dental Hygiene, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
- Neuroscience Program, Faculty of Science, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A1, Canada
Abstract
Despite a wealth of knowledge about the mechanisms underlying craniofacial morphogenesis during gestation, the roles of fetal macrophages and osteoclasts during this process remain less well characterized. Here, we used the pharmacological inhibitor PLX5622 to disrupt colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) signaling, which is essential for macrophage and osteoclast proliferation, differentiation and survival. Prenatal PLX5622 exposure in mouse resulted in ∼50% depletion of CSF1R+ macrophages, with complete loss of osteoclasts. While there were no notable changes in craniofacial nerve or muscle development, prenatal exposure to PLX5622 resulted in skull doming and cranial suture impairments, in addition to disruptions to development of the premaxilla, mandible, ear ossicles, palate and cranial base. In response to PLX5622 exposure, cytokine and chemokine signaling was altered and neural crest proliferation was impaired. Our data also highlight sex- and strain-specific differences in PLX5622 phenotypes and together demonstrate that CSF1R+ macrophages and osteoclasts are essential for craniofacial morphogenesis.
Reproduced under the paper's license (CC BY), from the paper cited above.
Repository
Its files are read in the Code ↔ Paper reader above, with 2 matches between paragraphs and lines of code.
RosinLabUBC/scRNAseq-code-FM
14c46de63ca7298c1a511312a8e69c465717b35e, 23 March 2026Availability: 1 check, the latest on 28 September 2026: the link answers
- 28 September 2026: the link answers
2 files
- E12_5 and E13_5 craniofacial mesenchyme Csf1r cell expression.R, R, 153 lines, 2 matches
- README.md, Text, 1 line
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Data
Datasets cited
- geo:GSM5324643, at NCBI GEO; found in the text, “Single-cell RNA sequencing data analysis”
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Version 2, 28 September 2026
- Publisher: n/a → The Company of Biologists
Version 1, 28 September 2026: the first record
Recorded: type, language, journal, volume, issue, pages, dates, 8 authors, 7 keywords, 15 MeSH terms, 4 funders, 211 references, 26 RRIDs.
Cite
This paper
Ma, F., Zhou, R. R. J., Rosin, M., Zhou, I., Ownsworth, S., Memar, R. O., Wong, V. B., & Rosin, J. M. (2026). CSF1R+ macrophage and osteoclast depletion impairs neural crest proliferation and craniofacial morphogenesis. Development (Cambridge, England), 153(16), dev205423. https://
BibTeX
@article{ma2026csf1r,
author = {Ma, Felix and Zhou, Rose Ru Jing and Rosin, Matthew and Zhou, Iris and Ownsworth, Sabrina and Memar, Rouzbeh Ostadsharif and Wong, Vincent B. and Rosin, Jessica M.},
title = {{CSF1R+ macrophage and osteoclast depletion impairs neural crest proliferation and craniofacial morphogenesis}},
journal = {Development (Cambridge, England)},
year = {2026},
month = may,
volume = {153},
number = {16},
pages = {dev205423},
publisher = {The Company of Biologists},
issn = {0950-1991},
doi = {10.1242/
url = {https://
pmid = {41891183},
pmcid = {PMC13200734}
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
AU - Ma, Felix
AU - Zhou, Rose Ru Jing
AU - Rosin, Matthew
AU - Zhou, Iris
AU - Ownsworth, Sabrina
AU - Memar, Rouzbeh Ostadsharif
AU - Wong, Vincent B.
AU - Rosin, Jessica M.
TI - CSF1R+ macrophage and osteoclast depletion impairs neural crest proliferation and craniofacial morphogenesis
T2 - Development (Cambridge, England)
J2 - Development
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/
VL - 153
IS - 16
SP - dev205423
SN - 0950-1991
PB - The Company of Biologists
DO - 10.1242/
UR - https://
LA - en
ER -
CSL-JSON
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"container-title-short":
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