Morphological Changes in the Rat Brain in the Early Post-Resuscitation Period: The Relationship Between Hypoxia-Sensitive Immunohistochemical Markers, Hemodynamic and Acid-Base Status.

Overview

Authors: Anastasiya Babkina¹, Ivan Ryzhkov¹, Maksim Lyubomudrov¹, Mikhail Yadgarov¹, Zoya Tsokolaeva¹, Ekaterina Boeva¹, Arkady Golubev¹

ORCID iDs: Anastasiya Babkina, Maksim Lyubomudrov, Mikhail Yadgarov, Zoya Tsokolaeva

Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology, Moscow 107031, Russia; (I.R.); (M.L.); (M.Y.); (Z.T.); (E.B.); (A.G.)

Journal: International journal of molecular sciences, volume 27, issue 14, article 6373

Dates: received 5 June 2026; accepted 15 July 2026; published online 17 July 2026

Type: Research article · Language: English

License: CC BY

Identifiers: DOI 10.3390/ijms27146373 · PMID 42511716 · PMCID PMC13410714 · OpenAlex W7169807707

Open access: gold, a free copy (OpenAlex)

Status: data only

Categories: histology / microscopy (modality), rat (organism), cellular / molecular (subfield)

Methods: Statistics, Connectivity, fMRI & imaging

Keywords: cardiac arrest, brain injury, prolyl hydroxylases, S-100β, acid–base imbalance

MeSH: Brain*, Heart Arrest*, Hemodynamics*, Hypoxia*, Acid-Base Equilibrium, Animals, Astrocytes, Biomarkers, Immunohistochemistry, Male, Neurons, Rats (* major topic)

Topic: Cardiac Arrest and Resuscitation (Emergency Medicine, Medicine), according to OpenAlex

Funding: Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Russian Federation (FGWS-2025-0016)

Citations: not cited yet (Europe PMC); 53 references in the paper

Abstract

The relevance of studying the molecular mechanisms of ischemia–reperfusion brain injury is due to the ongoing need to identify therapeutic targets to improve neurologic outcomes following cardiac arrest. This study aims to identify early morphological and molecular changes in the rat brain in the post-resuscitation period after asphyxial cardiac arrest, as well as to assess the relationship of these changes with hemodynamic and acid–base status. Morphological analysis using immunohistochemistry (IHC) revealed an increase in the intensity of the IHC reaction to S-100β protein in astrocytes of the hippocampal CA1 region in rats 3 hours after resuscitation compared to sham-operated controls (p = 0.043). Acid–base disturbances were associated with an increase in the intensity of microglia marker Iba-1 staining in the hippocampal CA4 region (p = 0.015). A correlation was found between the intensity of the IHC reaction to PHD1 in cortical neurons and the values of mean arterial pressure (r = −0.699, p < 0.001), PaO2/FiO2 ratio (r = −0.580, p < 0.005), PaCO2 (r = 0.507, p = 0.014). The results of this hypothesis-generating study suggest a potential association between the oxygen-sensing protein PHD1 in cerebral cortical neurons and clinically relevant indicators of post-resuscitation severity after cardiac arrest. Further studies are needed to clarify the role of oxygen-sensing prolyl hydroxylases in the pathogenesis of brain injury in critical illness accompanied by impaired central hemodynamics and acid–base imbalance.

Reproduced under the paper's license (CC BY), from the paper cited above.

Code

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Data

Datasets cited

data.mendeley.com/datasets/xr5yddzmjd, at Mendeley Data; found in the references

Data Availability Statement

The data presented in this study are available in Supplementary Materials.

Reproduced under the paper's license (CC BY), from the paper cited above.

Versions

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Version 1, 27 September 2026: the first record

Recorded: type, language, journal, volume, issue, pages, dates, 7 authors, 5 keywords, 12 MeSH terms, 1 funder, 52 references.

Cite

This paper

Babkina, A., Ryzhkov, I., Lyubomudrov, M., Yadgarov, M., Tsokolaeva, Z., Boeva, E., & Golubev, A. (2026). Morphological Changes in the Rat Brain in the Early Post-Resuscitation Period: The Relationship Between Hypoxia-Sensitive Immunohistochemical Markers, Hemodynamic and Acid-Base Status. International journal of molecular sciences, 27(14), 6373. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27146373

BibTeX

@article{babkina2026morphological, author = {Babkina, Anastasiya and Ryzhkov, Ivan and Lyubomudrov, Maksim and Yadgarov, Mikhail and Tsokolaeva, Zoya and Boeva, Ekaterina and Golubev, Arkady}, title = {{Morphological Changes in the Rat Brain in the Early Post-Resuscitation Period: The Relationship Between Hypoxia-Sensitive Immunohistochemical Markers, Hemodynamic and Acid-Base Status}}, journal = {International journal of molecular sciences}, year = {2026}, month = jul, volume = {27}, number = {14}, pages = {6373}, publisher = {Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)}, issn = {1422-0067}, doi = {10.3390/ijms27146373}, url = {https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27146373}, pmid = {42511716}, pmcid = {PMC13410714} }

RIS

TY - JOUR AU - Babkina, Anastasiya AU - Ryzhkov, Ivan AU - Lyubomudrov, Maksim AU - Yadgarov, Mikhail AU - Tsokolaeva, Zoya AU - Boeva, Ekaterina AU - Golubev, Arkady TI - Morphological Changes in the Rat Brain in the Early Post-Resuscitation Period: The Relationship Between Hypoxia-Sensitive Immunohistochemical Markers, Hemodynamic and Acid-Base Status T2 - International journal of molecular sciences J2 - Int J Mol Sci PY - 2026 DA - 2026/07/17 VL - 27 IS - 14 SP - 6373 SN - 1422-0067 PB - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI) DO - 10.3390/ijms27146373 UR - https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27146373 LA - en ER -

CSL-JSON

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