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Multiple molecular mimics in Epstein Barr Nuclear Antigen-1, and the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis.

Overview

Authors: Fok Moon Lum1,2, Neda Sattarnezhad3,4, Peggy P Ho1, Noga Orr1, William H Robinson3,5, Tobias V Lanz3,6, Lawrence Steinman1,6
ORCID iDs: Fok Moon Lum, William H Robinson, Tobias V Lanz, Lawrence Steinman
  1. Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Beckman Center for Molecular Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
  2. A*STAR Infections Diseases Labs, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138648, Singapore
  3. Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94304
  4. Department of Neurology, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304
  5. The Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304
  6. Institute for Immunity, Transplantation, and Infection, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
Institutions: Agency for Science, Technology and Research (Singapore); Stanford Medicine (United States); Stanford University (United States); VA Palo Alto Health Care System (United States)
Journal: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, volume 123, issue 11, article e2519445123
Dates: published online 6 March 2026; in print 17 March 2026
Type: Research article · Language: English
License: CC BY-NC-ND
Identifiers: DOI 10.1073/pnas.2519445123 · PMID 41790925 · PMCID PMC12994170 · OpenAlex W7134108834
Open access: hybrid, a free copy (OpenAlex)
Status: data only
Categories: human (organism), multiple sclerosis (population), cellular / molecular (subfield)
Keywords: molecular mimicry, multiple sclerosis, post-translational modification
MeSH: Epstein-Barr Virus Nuclear Antigens*, Molecular Mimicry*, Multiple Sclerosis*, alpha-Crystallin B Chain, Animals, Cross Reactions, Epstein-Barr Virus Infections, Herpesvirus 4, Human, Humans (* major topic)
Topic: Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies (Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Medicine), according to OpenAlex
Funding: HHS | NIH (NIH) (NIH R01 AR063676)
Citations: cited by 5 papers (Europe PMC); 65 references in the paper

Abstract

The abstract is not reproduced here: the paper's license (CC BY-NC-ND) does not allow it. Read it in the paper, at the publisher or on Europe PMC.

Code

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The paper's code and data availability statement is in the Data section.

Tracing map

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Data

Datasets cited

Code and data availability statement

The paper has a code and data availability statement. Its license (CC BY-NC-ND) does not allow reproducing it here; in short, from what the harvester recognized in it:

  • no repository, dataset or request procedure was recognized in it

Read it in the paper: doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2519445123.

Versions

The history of this record: each version stored by the harvester or made by a correction of its authors or of the maintainers of its code, and what changed in its facts. The texts of the paper (its abstract, its availability statements) are not part of it; versions that changed only those are not listed.

Version 1, 30 September 2026: the first record

Recorded: type, language, journal, volume, issue, pages, dates, 7 authors, 3 keywords, 9 MeSH terms, 1 funder, 64 references.

Cite

This paper

Lum, F. M., Sattarnezhad, N., Ho, P. P., Orr, N., Robinson, W. H., Lanz, T. V., & Steinman, L. (2026). Multiple molecular mimics in Epstein Barr Nuclear Antigen-1, and the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 123(11), e2519445123. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2519445123

BibTeX

@article{lum2026multiple,
author = {Lum, Fok Moon and Sattarnezhad, Neda and Ho, Peggy P and Orr, Noga and Robinson, William H and Lanz, Tobias V and Steinman, Lawrence},
title = {{Multiple molecular mimics in Epstein Barr Nuclear Antigen-1, and the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis}},
journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America},
year = {2026},
month = mar,
volume = {123},
number = {11},
pages = {e2519445123},
publisher = {National Academy of Sciences},
issn = {0027-8424},
doi = {10.1073/pnas.2519445123},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2519445123},
pmid = {41790925},
pmcid = {PMC12994170}
}

RIS

TY - JOUR
AU - Lum, Fok Moon
AU - Sattarnezhad, Neda
AU - Ho, Peggy P
AU - Orr, Noga
AU - Robinson, William H
AU - Lanz, Tobias V
AU - Steinman, Lawrence
TI - Multiple molecular mimics in Epstein Barr Nuclear Antigen-1, and the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis
T2 - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
J2 - Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/03/06
VL - 123
IS - 11
SP - e2519445123
SN - 0027-8424
PB - National Academy of Sciences
DO - 10.1073/pnas.2519445123
UR - https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2519445123
LA - en
ER -

CSL-JSON

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"title": "Multiple molecular mimics in Epstein Barr Nuclear Antigen-1, and the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis",
"container-title": "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America",
"author": [
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"family": "Lum",
"given": "Fok Moon"
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"container-title-short": "Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A",
"volume": "123",
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"DOI": "10.1073/pnas.2519445123",
"PMID": "41790925",
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"ISSN": "0027-8424",
"publisher": "National Academy of Sciences",
"URL": "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2519445123",
"language": "en",
"issued": {
"date-parts": [
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6
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]
}
}

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