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Dopamine in the Nucleus Accumbens Signals Salience of Auditory Deviance.

Overview

Authors: Riko Iizuka1, Ryotaro Yamaki1, Tomoyo Isoguchi Shiramatsu1, Shota Morikawa2, Yuji Ikegaya3,4,5, Hirokazu Takahashi1,6
ORCID iDs: Riko Iizuka, Yuji Ikegaya, Hirokazu Takahashi
  1. Graduate School of Information Science and Technology The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
  2. Graduate School of Science The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
  3. Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
  4. Institute for AI and Beyond The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
  5. Center for Information and Neural Networks, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology Osaka Japan
  6. International Research Center for Neurointelligence (WPI‐IRCN), Institutes for Advanced Study (UTIAS) The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
Institutions: The University of Tokyo (Japan); National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (Japan)
Journal: The European journal of neuroscience, volume 63, issue 7, article e70486
Dates: received 5 October 2025; accepted 10 March 2026; published online 2 April 2026; in print April 2026
Type: Research article · Language: English
License: CC BY
Identifiers: DOI 10.1111/ejn.70486 · PMID 41924943 · PMCID PMC13044869 · OpenAlex W7147094230
Open access: hybrid, a free copy (OpenAlex)
Status: data only
Categories: EEG (modality), rat (organism), cognitive (subfield)
Methods: Statistics, Connectivity, Single-unit activity, calcium imaging
Keywords: deviance detection, dopamine, nucleus accumbens, oddball, salience
MeSH: Auditory Perception*, Dopamine*, Nucleus Accumbens*, Acoustic Stimulation, Animals, Male, Rats, Rats, Long-Evans (* major topic)
Journal subjects: Special Issue Article, The Neuronal Basis of Mismatch Negativity (MMN) and Its Clinical Applications
Topic: Neuroscience and Music Perception (Cognitive Neuroscience, Neuroscience), according to OpenAlex
Funding: JSPS KAKENHI (23H03023, 23H03465, 23H04336, 24H01544, 25KJ1020, 25H02600, 25K22825); Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (JP23dm0307009, 24wm0625401h0001); JST (JPMJPR22S8, JPMJSP2108); Asahi Glass Foundation; Secom Science and Technology Foundation
Citations: cited by 1 paper (Europe PMC); 60 references in the paper

Abstract

How the brain signals prediction errors for non‐rewarding, yet significant, sensory events remains a central question. Although the cortical mismatch negativity provides a well‐known signature for deviance detection, the contribution of subcortical dopamine remains unclear. This study tested the hypothesis that phasic dopamine in the nucleus accumbens encodes the salience associated with the violation of an ongoing statistical regularity. Using fiber photometry in freely moving rats, we contrasted an auditory oddball paradigm with a many‐standards control. Deviant stimuli elicited a significantly amplified dopamine response compared with standard stimuli. Crucially, this dopamine response enhancement was absent in the control condition, demonstrating that the nucleus accumbens dopamine responds specifically to rule violation rather than mere stimulus rarity. The long latency of this signal (~500 ms) relative to the cortical mismatch negativity argues against a direct role in the initial detection of deviance. Instead, our findings support a model in which subcortical dopamine acts as a distinct salience signal, operating in parallel with cortical deviance detection, to evaluate unexpected events and guide subsequent behavioral adjustments.

Reproduced under the paper's license (CC BY), from the paper cited above.

Code

The paper links to its data, not to its authors' code: see the Data section.

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Data

Datasets cited

Data Availability Statement

The data that support the findings of this study are openly available in Zenodo at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17221333, reference number 17221333.

Reproduced under the paper's license (CC BY), from the paper cited above.

Versions

The history of this record: each version stored by the harvester or made by a correction of its authors or of the maintainers of its code, and what changed in its facts. The texts of the paper (its abstract, its availability statements) are not part of it; versions that changed only those are not listed.

Version 2, 28 September 2026

  • Publisher: n/a → Wiley

Version 1, 28 September 2026: the first record

Recorded: type, language, journal, volume, issue, pages, dates, 6 authors, 5 keywords, 8 MeSH terms, 5 funders, 59 references.

Cite

This paper

Iizuka, R., Yamaki, R., Isoguchi Shiramatsu, T., Morikawa, S., Ikegaya, Y., & Takahashi, H. (2026). Dopamine in the Nucleus Accumbens Signals Salience of Auditory Deviance. The European journal of neuroscience, 63(7), e70486. https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.70486

BibTeX

@article{iizuka2026dopamine,
author = {Iizuka, Riko and Yamaki, Ryotaro and Isoguchi Shiramatsu, Tomoyo and Morikawa, Shota and Ikegaya, Yuji and Takahashi, Hirokazu},
title = {{Dopamine in the Nucleus Accumbens Signals Salience of Auditory Deviance}},
journal = {The European journal of neuroscience},
year = {2026},
month = apr,
volume = {63},
number = {7},
pages = {e70486},
publisher = {Wiley},
issn = {0953-816X},
doi = {10.1111/ejn.70486},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.70486},
pmid = {41924943},
pmcid = {PMC13044869}
}

RIS

TY - JOUR
AU - Iizuka, Riko
AU - Yamaki, Ryotaro
AU - Isoguchi Shiramatsu, Tomoyo
AU - Morikawa, Shota
AU - Ikegaya, Yuji
AU - Takahashi, Hirokazu
TI - Dopamine in the Nucleus Accumbens Signals Salience of Auditory Deviance
T2 - The European journal of neuroscience
J2 - Eur J Neurosci
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/04/01
VL - 63
IS - 7
SP - e70486
SN - 0953-816X
PB - Wiley
DO - 10.1111/ejn.70486
UR - https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.70486
LA - en
ER -

CSL-JSON

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